1.

For a typical construction work, the engineering geologist works closely with geotechnical engineers in a complimentary way to service the construction industry and to help efficiently engineer the ground. Some of the main role of geologist is to make classification of the bedrock, interpretation of site investigation and making report which relates to several discipline of geology in geotechnical engineering. In site investigation is where most civil engineers encounter geology which involves with the interpretation of ground conditions, 3D modelling and the appreciation of the various geo hazard that result from the ground and the role of geology has to help to understand them . 2. Total geological model is a concept that has been introduced to present the broad picture of round condition. It develops an overview, which is the normal outcome in a geologist point of view but not in an engineer perception. Good model drawing demands some artistic ability focusing the attention on potential engineering problems.The engineering geologist main contribution to the model are defined as : Rocks and soils and their boundaries - the type of soil or rock present, the geological structure (faults, folds, boundaries, joints and fissures) and their properties and spatial distribution. Material engineering properties - the engineering parameters that define the behaviour of the intact material Mass engineering properties - the engineering parameters that define the behaviour of individual zones, boundaries/ transitions and the ground as a whole Environmental processes the influence of active processes on the ground such as chemical, mechanical and biological weathering and groundwater. May also include anthropogenic influences on the ground, for example, ground contamination or previous surface or underground extraction; Geological hazards these are geological process or geological conditions that can adversely affect the project. These include landslides, earthquakes, volcanic activity, subsidence etc. 3. Igneous rock has a high strength due to the fact that it has been slowly recrystallize, the rock has the opportunity to form a mixture of interlocking joint of crystal leaving a massive and a very uniform internal structure. Sediments are usually sorted and stratified giving a bedding structure in the rock. Sedimentary rocks generally have high porosity, a reflection of the processes of their formation and the nature of the cementing agent. As a result they are generally low in rock hardness, and their grains are less tightly held together. Fine-grained and lower porosity igneous rocks, such as basalt and diabase (dolerite) are generally higher in rock hardness than that of coarser grained igneous rocks, such as granite, diorite, and gabbro. As a result, the mineral grains of fine-grained igneous rocks are more tightly held together than that of coarse-grained igneous rocks. In metamorphic rocks, where strong foliations have developed, rock hardness is generally lower due to the preferred orientation of mineral grains and the structural weaknesses these impose. However, in low grade metamorphism where a foliation does not develop, but the rock became more indurated (i.e. more compacted and lower porosity), rock hardness increases. This is the case for the rock slate, which is the indurated metamorphic form of the sedimentary rock shale (Table 2). A list of the properties of some Egyptian building stones (Arnold 1991) are presented at the following website (Egyptian Building Stones and their Properties (1 kg/gcm=0.098 MPa)).

It can be assessed by UCS(unconfined compressive strength) and SBP(safe bearing pressure)