MICROCONTROLLER BASED PROGRAMMABLE DC-DC CONVERTER

SINOPSIS:

The conversion of one DC level in to another DC level is known as DC-DC converter. The output of the converter may be a step-down or step-up of a supplied DC level. This kind of DC-DC converters are widely used in industries, Navy ships, railways, etc; the main aim of this converter is to drive the various types of electronic equipments, generally used in the ships & trains. The proposed project work is designed to generate multiple DC levels from a single supply source. The input source to this converter can be either from a solar panel or from a battery. This converter is designed to operate at 12V DC. Using variable voltage regulator at the converter output, different DC levels are derived. +3V, +5V, +9V, +12V, +15V and +20V are the programmed outputs designed internally. Since it is called as programmable, Micro controller chip is used for selecting the desired output from the converter. A small keyboard is interfaced with micro controller, there by the required voltage can be obtained from the converter by pressing the select key. A twodigit display system is designed and it is also interfaced with micro controller, such that output voltage can be displayed. Since the system is having six channels, six different voltage levels can be displayed. Whenever any particular channel is selected through keyboard, that particular voltage will be displayed automatically.

Here the controller is playing major role for selecting the voltage as well as controlling the relays. By varying the reference voltage at adjust pin of LM 317 variable voltage regulator, output voltage can be varied. For this purpose, potential dividing network is designed and this network is connected through the relay contacts. By varying the value

of resistance in the network, output voltage also can be varied linearly. Since the operating frequency is very high, using ferrite core can minimize output transformer size. The converter is designed with PWM IC 3524. This is a most popular IC having all required features for designing inverters, converters, SMPS etc; provision is made in the oscillator, such that frequency and duty cycle can be varied linearly. Hear the operating frequency is 20 KHz approximately, there by size and weight of entire power system can be reduced. The PWM oscillator designed with 3524 offers dual inverted outputs, the advantage of inverted outputs is, efficiency can be increased and continuous output can be obtained.

The driver stage is designed using power MOSFETS, and it is configured in push-pull mode of operation, so that no load current can be decreased and efficiency can be increased. The output of the drive stage is fed to main out put transformer, this is a step-up transformer with center-tapped primary generates 30V AC. The output of the transformer is rectified & filtered, feed back loop is made for the regulated out put.

MICOROCNTROLLER BASED PROGRAMMABLE DC-DC CONVERTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

3V 12V

5V 15V

9V 20V MICRO CONTROLLER O/P VOLTAGE DISPLAY

Keyboard

RELAYS AND THEIR DRIVE CIRCUITS

Final O/P

ADJUSTABLE VOLTAGE REGULATOR (LM317)

+12V

Feed Back

PWM OSCILLATOR

DRIVE STAGE USING POWER MOSFETS Main O/P Transformer

RECTIFIER & FILTER