. .

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

:



.


.
:

.

.Language Universals
.


) (




.
" " ) Discourse and the Translator (

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

"
) (



".

.


.

.
:

"
"...

Hatim, b.and I. Mason.1990. Discourse and the translator, London: hangman. P.

39.
Emery, P.G. 2000. Introduction & Translation Throng and contrastive Text
log in Arab University Translation classed) International Journal of Arabic
English Studies, vol. 1 No. 1, p. 105.
2

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

.
" " )) ( (-.

... . .

" "The RAF bombed the houses and plants
"" ) (
. "I have a plane to catch" :
" :
" " :
" "It rains " "The sky rains " "It is raining cats and dogs "
" . Idioms

: " "He kicked the bucket" "
"He`s driving me up the wall" :" :
" .
.
:

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

. :
:



. :

//


.

.

" " ) ( :

"

".

Hatim, b.and I. Mason.1990. Discourse and the translator, London: hangman.

P. 4.

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

Genre

...

/
.

.
.

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com

1 . Mona Baker. 1992. In other words.

London: Rutledge
2. Bassnett, s. 1996. Translation Studies.
London: Rutledge.
3.Hatim, b.and I. Mason.1990. Discourse and the translator, London: hangman.
4. Cat ford, J.c.1965. A linguistic theory of Translation. London: Oxford University press.
5.Anani, M .1992. Fannual-Tarjamah (The art of Translation ). Cairo: international Egyptian
corporation for publishing (Long man).
6. Didaoui, M. 1994. Translation Terminology Bulletin, No. 3. Vienna, Unido.
7. Nida. E.A. 1964. Toward a Science of Translation. heiden : E.J. Briu .
8. Nida, E.A. And Taber, C.R. 1969. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leidon :
E.J.Brill
9. Ilyas, A. 1989.Theories of Translation . Mosnl, University of Mosnl.
10.Newmark, P. 1988.A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall.
11. Shunnaq . A. 1993. Lexical Incongruence in Arabic-English Translation Dull to
Emotiveness in Arabic. Turjuman, 2(2)pp: 37-63.
12. Arrojo , R. (1998). The Revision of the Traditional Gap between Theory and practice and
the Empowerment of Translation in post modem Times. The Translator, 4(1): 25-48.
13. As Safi . A.B. 1994. The Dynamic us static Translation of literary Texts from English
into Arabic . Turjuman, 3(1): 57-79.
14. Bahumaid, S. A. 1996. On the tertiary of Translation and the University Level. Turjuman,
4(2): 95-104.
15. Emery, P.G. 2000. Introduction & Translation Throng and contrastive Text log in Arab
University Translation classed) International Journal of Arabic English Studies, vol. 1 No. 1,
105-113

PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com