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Genes are segments of DNA located on chromosomes. Genes contain the codes for the production of specific proteins.

A chromosome is a long, stringy aggregate of genes that carries heredity information and is formed from condensed chromatin. a parent cell is the cell that divides to give rise to two daughter cells.
daughter cell - one of two cells resulting from the division of a single cell.

. A centromere is a region on a chromosome that joins two sister chromatids. Centrioles are cylindrical structures that are composed of groupings of microtubules. Spindle fibres It is chiefly involved in moving and segregating the chromosomes during nuclear division. The cell equator, or equatorial plate, is when the nucleus has broken down, and the chromosomes are lengthening, and forming a line in the middle of the cell. This happend during Metaphase. This line is called the cell equator. Cytokinesis the division of the cytoplasm and the plasma membrane following the division of the nucleus resulting into two cells, each having its own nucleusand cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane. Function of mitosis is for cells to divide. The four stages are interphase, prophase, metaphase, and anaphase.
What happens at these stages? 1. Interphase DNA has replicated, but has not formed the condensed structure of chromosome. They remain as loosely coiled chromatin. The nuclear membrane is still intact to protect the DNA molecules from undergoing mutation.

2. Prophase The DNA molecules progressively shorten and condense by coiling, to form chromosomes. The nuclear membrane and nucleolus are no longer visible. The spindle apparatus has migrate to opposite poles of the cell..

3. Metaphase The spindle fibres attach themselves to the centromeres of the chromosomes and align the chromosomes at the equatorial plate.

4. Anaphase The spindle fibres shorten and the centromere splits, separated sister chromatids are pulled along behind the centromeres.

4. Telophase The chromosomes reach the poles of their respective spindles. Nuclear envelope reform before the chromosomes uncoil. The spindle fibres disintegrate.

Cytokinasis
This is the last stage of mitosis. It is the process of splitting the daughter cells apart. A furrow forms and the cell is pinched in two. Each daughter cell contains the same number and same quality of chromosomes.

Cytokinesis is the final step in the process of mitosis. It divides the organelles between the two cells so that they both have the same amount of mitochondria, golgi apparatus etc. Without cytokinesis, cells would not have the necessary components to be able to be able to function effectively. Think about it, if the cell did not have mitochondria, then the cell wouldn't be able to undergo cellular respiration and therefore would be rendered useless.

tumor: an abnormal new mass of tissue that serves no purpose. Mutation: A change in the structure of the genes or chromosomes of an organism. 1. DNA fails
to copy accurately. Mutations can also be caused by exposure to specific chemicals or radiation. Oncogene: genes that can be switched by a mutation causing the cells to divide, which can transforms a normal cell into a cancerous cell.

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