UNIVERSITY OF WINDSOR

Faculty of Engineering
Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Systems Engineering
91-412-01 Operation Research II
Winter 2012
Instructor Dr. G Zhang

Solutions of Assignment 4

1.
a)
Please refer Page 1083-1084
b)
M/M/1 GD/c/infinite system, = 30, = 20, = 30/20 =1.5, c=3+1 =4,

0 = (
1- ) / (1-
c+1
) =
(1 1.5) / (1-1.5
5
) = 0.0758,
4
=
4

0 = 0.384,
The # of calls served per hour = ( 1-
4
)

= 18.48
Or
= ( 1-
0
) = 18.48


2.

a) We have M/M/S system S=3, =50 job/hr, = 20 job/hr, =5/6=0.833
1). min 2 . 4 07 . 0 10 / 7 . 0
) 3 (
= = =

>
= hr
s
j p
q
W
2). The fraction of time that a particular printer is idle=
2
3
1
1
3
2
0
t + t + t = 0.175; where
t

0
1
=
> s p j s
s
s
!( ) ( )
( )
= 0.0451

!
) (
0
j
s
j
j
t
= t (j=1,2,..,s) ;
1
= 0.125,
2
=0.1406
3) .It is required that

s+
2 . 0
2 1
s + t + t
+ +

s s

This means that t t t
0 1 1
08 + + + >

... .
s

This constraint can be checked for different values of s, starting s=3 until we find the min s that
satisfies the constraint.
Or it can be considered as the required is 2 . 0 ) ( s > s j p
Then we have
At s= 3 we have P(j > 3) = 0.7022
At s= 4 we have P(j > 4) = 0.319
At s= 5 we have P(j > 5) = 0.1303
So to satisfy the given constraint, the company has to install two additional printers.
4). Using equation (46) in the text book
It is required that 05 . 0 ) 1 . 0 ( s >
q
W p
Substituting in right hand side of (46) for s=3 , =5/6=0.833, 7 . 0 ) 3 ( = > j p , t=0.1 hr
We will find that p(W
q
>0.1) = 0.35 which is greater than 0.05.
Try s=4, =5/8=0.625, t=0.1 hour, we can find p(W
q
>0.1) = 0.015 <0.05.
Hence, the center should have at least 4 printers to ensure no more than 5% of all printer
jobs will have to wait in line for more than 6 minutes.





b) System1: we have three independent M/M/1 lines each with =50/3 job/hr
In this case, min 15 25 . 0
) (
= =


= hr W
q

System2: we have M/M/3 line with =50 job/hr, min 2 . 4 07 . 0 = = hr W
q

Since W
q
< 5 min of system2 and W
q
>5 min of system1, the probability that a job will spend more
than 5 minutes to wait in a line in System 2 is less then that in System 1. System2 is better.

Or the decision can be made by calculating p( W
q
> 5 minutes) (46) in the text.
5 minutes = 0.08333 hour
For System 2, p( W
q
> 0.8333) = 0.3055
For System 1, p( W
q
> 0.8333) = 0.6312.



3.
1. We are comparing two machine repair systems
System 1: = 1/6 machine/day = .4 machines/day K = 5, R = 3, = .41
System 2: = 1/6 machine/day = 1.2 machines/day K = 5, R = 1, = .13
Let L = number of machines in bad condition. Let's compare L for both systems. For System 1

1
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 1 (
) 5 (
(.41)
0
= 2.05
0

2
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 2 (
) 5 (
(.41)
2

0
= 1.681
0

3
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 3 (
) 5 (
(.41)
3

0
= 0.689
0


4!

4
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 4 (
) 5 (
(.41)
4
-------
0
= .188
0

3!(3)

5!

5
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 5 (
) 5 (
(.41)
5
--------
0
= .025
0

3!3
2


Then
0
[1 + 2.05 + 1.681 + 0.689 + 0.188 + .025] = 1 or

0
= 0.177,
1
= 0.362,
2
= 0.297,
3
= 0.121,

4
= 0.033,
5
= 0.004
and L = 0(0.177)+1(0.362)+2(0.297)+3(0.121)+4(0.033)+5(0.004) = 1.471 machines

For System 2

1
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 1 (
) 5 (
(.13)
0
= (0.65)
0

2
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 2 (
) 5 (
(.13)
2
2!
0
= (0.338)
0

3
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 3 (
) 5 (
(.13)
3
3!
0
= (0.131)
0

4

|
|
.
|

\
|
) 4 (
) 5 (
(.13)
4
4!
0
= (0.034)
0

5
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
) 5 (
) 5 (
(.13)
5
5!
0
= (0.004)
0
Thus

0
(1 + (0.65) + (0.338) + (0.131) + (0.034) + (0.004) )= 1 or

0
= 0.463,
1
=0.3,
2
=0.156,
3
=0.06,

4
= 0.015 and
5
=0.001. Then for System 2
and L = 0(0.463)+1(0.3)+2(0.156)+3(0.06)+4(0.015)+5(0.001) = 0.857 machines
Hence System 2 is superior to System 1.

4.
a.
1
= 10 + .2
2
,
2
=
1
+ .2
3
, and
3
= .8
2
. Solving these equations we find that
1
= 13.125,
2
= 15.625,
and
3
= 12.5. Each server is busy a fraction
i
=
i
/20 of the time. Thus
Server 1 is busy 13.125/20 = 65.6% of the time
Server 2 is busy 15.625/20 = 78.1% of the time
Server 3 is busy 12.5/20 = 62.5% of the time.

b. Expected number of jobs at station i =
i
/( -
i
). Thus

Expected Number of jobs at Station 1 = 13.125/(20 - 13.125) = 1.90
Expected number of jobs at Station 2 = 15.625/(20 - 15.625) = 3.57
Expected number of jobs at Station 3 = 12.5/(20 - 12.5) = 1.67
Total expected number of jobs in the system = 1.90 + 3.57 + 1.67 = 7.14 customers.

c. W = L/, where = 10 jobs/hour. Thus W = 7.14/10 = .714 hours.