Predicting Properties of elements using Periodic trends

In this investigation you will: a. determine the trends of chemical and physical properties of groups and periods of the periodic table b. predict properties of magnesium by interpolating from these trends. I. Procedure: Predicting properties of Magnesium Open the program Logger Pro (you will need a periodic table) a. In the x column, enter the atomic numbers for the elements of period 3, sodium through chlorine, omitting magnesium. b. In the Y column, enter the respective values for electronegativity. There are no units for this measure. c. From the DATA menu, select new manual column. Label it atomic radius. Units are picometers. Enter the respective values. d. From the DATA menu, select new manual column. Label it melting point. Units are C. Enter the respective values from the table. e. Click on the electronegativity graph, and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and select linear fit. Slide the cursor around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted electronegativity of mangnesium. Record. f. From the INSERT menu, select graph. Resize and change the y axis to atomic radius. Enter the units. Click on the graph. and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and select curve fit. From the sliding menu, select natural exponent Click OK. Slide the cursor around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted atomic radius of magnesium. Record. g. From the INSERT menu, select graph. Resize and change the y axis to melting point. Enter the units for the elements provided. Click on the graph. and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and linear fit. Click OK. Slide the cursor around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted melting point of magnesium. Record. h. Resize the graphs to fit in the graph area. Page setup to landscape and US letter. Save with your name, block and period 3 i. Open new file. j. In the x column, enter the atomic numbers for Beryllium, calcium, strontium and barium. In the Y column, enter the respective values for atomic radius. Label the axis and give its units. Click on the graph. and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and select curve fit. From the sliding menu, select natural exponent Click OK. Slide the cursor around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted atomic radius of magnesium. Record. k. From the DATA menu, select new manual column. In the new column, enter the respective values for electronegativity. There are no units for this measure. Label the column. Click on the graph. and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and select curve fit. From the sliding menu, select natural exponent Click OK. Slide the cursor

around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted electronegativity of magnesium. Record. l. From the DATA menu, select new manual column. Label it melting point. Units are C. Enter the respective values from the table. From the INSERT menu, select graph. Resize and change the y axis to melting point. Enter the units for the elements provided. Click on the graph. and go to graph options and click off connecting lines, click on interpolate. Give the graph a title. Click OK. Go to ANALYZE menu and select natural exponent. Click OK. Slide the cursor around and note the x and y values. Find the y value when x = atomic number of magnesium. This is the predicted melting point of magnesium. Record. m. Resize the graphs to fit in the graph area. Page setup to landscape and US letter. Save with your names, block, and group 2 Data: Atomic number Be 4 Na 11 Mg 12 Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 Cl 17 Ca 20 Sr 38 Ba 56 Melting point C 1285 98 660 1410 Atomic radius pm 89 157 125 117 110 104 99 174 192 215 Electronegativity 1.5 0.9 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0 1 1 0.9

840 770 710

II. Go to the web site: www.webelements.com. Click on magnesium and find and record the actual values for melting point, atomic radius, and electronegativity. III. Conclusion: a. Describe the pattern for each property, both down a group and across a period. b. Predict the properties of magnesium using both graphs. c. For each of the three properties, answer the following i. how close is the predicted value to the actual value? ii. Which method, (using the period or the group) was more accurate in predicting the actual value? The Write-up should include: a. Two pages with the graphs included. b. A table with your predicted values for the properties using both methods and the actual values. b. Answers to the conclusions above.