Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Vaar 1
iPr pu`Cx isD nwnkw mwq lok ivc ikAw vrqwrw] (1-29-1)
sB isDIN eyh buiJAw kil qwrx nwnk Avqwrw] (1-29-2)
bwby kihAw nwQ jI s`c cMdRmw kUV AMDwrw] (1-29-3)
kUV Amwvs vriqAw hauN Bwlx ciVAw sMswrw] (1-29-4)
pwp igrwsI iprQmI DOl KVw Dr hyT pukwrw] (1-29-5)
isD Cp bYTy prbqIN kOx jg kau pwr auqwrw] (1-29-6)
jogI igAwn ivhUixAW insidn AMg lgwien Cwrw] (1-29-7)
bwJ gurU fu`bw jg swrw ]29] (1-29-8)
eyh sux bcn jugIsrW mwr iklk bhu rUp auTweI] (1-41-1)
Kt drSn kau KyidAw kiljug bydI nwnk AweI] (1-41-2)
isD boln sB AauKDIAW qMqR mMqR kI Duno cVHweI] (1-41-3)
rUp vtwieAw jogIAW isMG bwG bhu cilq idKweI] (1-41-4)
iek pr krky aufrn pMKI ijvyN rhy lIlweI] (1-41-5)
iek nwg hoie pvn Cof ieknw vrKw Agn vsweI] (1-41-6)
qwry qoVy BMgRnwQ iek cV imrgwnI jl qr jweI] (1-41-7)
isDW Agn n buJy buJweI ]41] (1-41-8)
bwby kIqI isD goSt Sbd SWiq isDW ivc AweI ] (1-44-1)
ijx mylw iSvrwq dw Kt drSn AwdyS krweI] (1-44-2)
isD boln SuB bcn DMn nwnk qyrI vfI kmweI] (1-44-3)
vfw purK pRgitAw kiljug AMdr joq jgweI] (1-44-4)
myilEN bwbw auiTAw mulqwny dI izAwrq jweI] (1-44-5)
AgoN pIr mulqwn dy duD ktorw Br lY AweI] (1-44-6)
bwby kF kr bgl qy cMbylI du`D ivc imlweI] (1-44-7)
ijauN swgr ivc gMg smweI ]44] (1-44-8)
pMj ipAwly pMj pIr Ctm pIr bYTw gur BwrI] (1-48-1)
Arjn kwieAW plt kY mUrq hirgoibMd svwrI] (1-48-2)
clI pIVHI soFIAW rUp idKwvn vwro vwrI] (1-48-3)
dl BMjn gur sUrmW vf joDw bhu praupkwrI] (1-48-4)
puC`n is`K Ardws kr Cy mihlW qk drs inhwrI] (1-48-5)
Agm Agocr siqgurU boly muK qy suxhu sMswrI] (1-48-6)
kiljug pIVHI soFIAW inhcl nIn auswr KlHwrI] (1-48-7)
jug jug siqgur Dry AvqwrI ]48] (1-48-8)
gur isKI gur isK sux AMdr isAwxw bwhr Bolw] (4-17-1)
Sbd suriq swvDwn ho ivx gur sbd n suxeI Qolw] (4-17-2)
siqgur drSn dyKxw swD sMgq ivc AMnw polw] (4-17-3)
vwihgurU gur Sbd lY iprm ipAwlw cup clolw] (4-17-4)
pYrIN pY pwKwk hoie crn Doie crxodk Jolw] (4-17-5)
crx kvl icq Bvr kr Bvjl AMdr rhY inrolw] (4-17-6)
jIvx mukiq scwvw colw ]17] (4-17-7)
isr ivc inky vwl hoie swDU cvr cvr kr FwlY] (4-18-1)
gursr qIrQ nHwiekY hUJU Br Br pYr pKwlY] (4-18-2)
kwlIN hUM Dauly kry clx jwx nISwn smwlY] (4-18-3)
pYrIN pY pwKwk hoie pUrw siqgur ndir inhwlY] (4-18-4)
kwg kumMqhu prm hMs au`jl moqI Kwoe KvwlY] (4-18-5)
vwlhuM inkI AwKIAY gurisKI sux gurisK pwlY] (4-18-6)
gurisK lµGY iprm ipAwlY ]18] (4-18-7)
duie dyh cMd Alop hoieY qIAY idh cVdw huie in`kw] (4-20-1)
auT auT jgq juhwrdw ggn mhySur msqk it`kw] (4-20-2)
solh klw sMGwrIAY sPl jnm sohY kl ie`kw] (4-20-3)
AMimRq ikrx suhwvxI inJr JrY isMjY sh is`kw] (4-20-4)
sIql sWq sMqoK dy shj sMqoKI rqn Aim`kw] (4-20-5)
kry AnHyroN cwnxw for ckor pÎwn Dr iC`kw] (4-20-6)
Awp gvwie Amol min`kw ]20] (4-20-7)
Apxy Apxy vrn ivc cwr vrn kul Drm DrMdy] (5-3-1)
iCA drSn iCA SwsqRw gurmqI Kt krm krMdy] (5-3-2)
Apxy Apxy swihbY cwkr jwie juhwr juVMdy] (5-3-3)
Apxy Apxy vxj ivc vwpwrI vwpwr mcMdy] (5-3-4)
Apxy Apxy Kyq ivc bIau sBY ikrswx bIjMdy] (5-3-5)
kwrIgr kwrIgrW kwrKwny ivc jwie imlµdy] (5-3-6)
swD sMgiq gur isK pUjMdy ]3] (5-3-7)
jqI jqI icr jIvny swiDk isD nwQ gur cyly] (5-6-1)
dyvI dyv rKISrW BYrau KyqRpwl bhu myly] (5-6-2)
gx gMDrb ApCrW ikMnr jC cilq bhu Kyly] (5-6-3)
rwkS dwnoN dYNq lK AMdr dUjw Bwau duhyly] (5-6-4)
haumYN AMdr sB ko gurmuK swD sMgq rs kyly] (5-6-5)
iek mn iek AwrwDxw gurmiq Awp gvwie suhyly] (5-6-6)
clx jwx pey isr qyly ]6] (5-6-7)
Sbd surq ilv swD sMg pMc sbd iek sbd imlwey] (6-10-1)
rwgnwd sMbwd rK BwiKAw Bwau suBwau Alwey] (6-10-2)
gurmuK bRhm iDAwn Dun jwxY jMqRI jMqR vjwey] (6-10-3)
AkQ kQw vIcwr kY ausqq inµdw vrj rhwey] (6-10-4)
gur aupdyS Adys kr imTw bolx mn prcwey] (6-10-5)
jwie imlx guV kIiVAW rKy rKxhwr lukwey] (6-10-6)
gMnw hoie kohlU pVwey ]10] (6-10-7)
DMn pl csw GVI pihr DMn DMn iQq su vwr sBwgy] (6-17-1)
DMn DMn idh rwq hY pK mwh ruq sMmq jwgy] (6-17-2)
DMn ABIc inCq´ hY kwm kRoD AhMkwr iqAwgy] (6-17-3)
DMn DMn sMjog hY ATsT qIrQ rwj iprwgy] (6-17-4)
gurU duAwry AwiekY crn kvl rs AMimRq pwgy] (6-17-5)
guraupdys Avys kr AnBY iprm iprI Anurwgy] (6-17-6)
Sbd surq ilv swDsMgiq AMg AMg iek rMg smwgy] (6-17-7)
rqn mwl kr kcy Dwgy ]17] (6-17-8)
isv skqI noN swDkY cMd sUr idhu rwq sdwey] (7-2-1)
suK duK swDy hrK sog nrk surg puMn pwp lµGwey] (7-2-2)
jnm mrx jIvn mukiq Blw burw im`qR SqR invwey] (7-2-3)
rwj jog ijx v`s kr swD sMjog ivjog rhwey] (7-2-4)
vsgiq kIqI nINd BuK Awsw mnsw ijx Gr Awey] (7-2-5)
ausqiq inµdw swD kY ihMdU muslmwn sbwey] (7-2-6)
pYrIN pY pYKwk sdwey ]2] (7-2-7)
bRhmw ibsn mhyS qRY lok vyd gux igAwn lµGwey] (7-3-1)
BUq BivKhu vrqmwn Awid m`D ijx AMq isDwey] (7-3-2)
mnbc krm iekqR kr jMmn mrn jIvn ijx Awey] (7-3-3)
AwiD ibAwiD aupwD swD surg imrq pwqwl invwey] (7-3-4)
au`qm mDm nIc swD bwlk jobn ibrD ijxwey] (7-3-5)
ieVw ipMglw suKmnw iqRkutI lµG iqRbyxI nHwey] (7-3-6)
gurmuK iek mn iek iDAwey ]3] (7-3-7)
Sbd gurU gur jwxIAY gurmuK hoie suriq Dun cylw] (7-20-1)
swD sMgiq scKMf ivc pRym Bgiq prcY hoie mylw] (7-20-2)
gÎwn DÎwn ismrx jugiq kUMj kurm hMs vMs nvylw] (7-20-3)
ibrKhuM Pl Pl qy ibrK gurisK isK gurmMqR suhylw] (7-20-4)
vIhW AMdr vrqmwn hoie iekIh Agocr Kylw] (7-20-5)
Awid purK Awdys kr Awid purK AwdyS vhylw] (7-20-6)
isPq slwhx AMimRq vylw ]20]7] (7-20-7)
Vaar 8
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW siqgur noN iml Awp gvwXw] (12-6-1)
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW krn audwsI AMdr mwXw] (12-6-2)
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW gurmq gurcrnI icq lwXw] (12-6-3)
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW gurisK dy gurisK imlwXw] (12-6-4)
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW bwhr jWdw vrj rhwXw] (12-6-5)
hauN sdky iqn gurisKW Awsw ivc inrws vlwXw] (12-6-6)
siqgur dw aupdyS idRVwXw ]6] (12-6-7)
kiljug nwmw Bgiq ihMdU muslmwn Pyr dyhurw gwie jIvweI] (12-15-1)
Bgiq kbIr vKwxIAY bMdIKwny qy auT jweI] (12-15-2)
DMnw j`t aubwirAw sDnw jwiq Ajwiq ksweI] (12-15-3)
jn rivdws cmwr hoey chuM vrnW ivc kr vifAweI] (12-15-4)
byxI hoAw AiDAwqmI sYx nIc kul AMdr nweI] (12-15-5)
pYrIN pY pwKwk huie gurisKW ivc vfI smweI] (12-15-6)
AlK lKwie n AlK lKweI ]15] (12-15-7)
gurmuK suKPl swD sMg Bgq vCl hoie vsgiq AwXw] (16-15-1)
kwrx krqy vs hY swD sMgq ivc kry krwXw] (16-15-2)
pwrbRhm pUrn bRhm swD sMgiq ivc Bwxw BwXw] (16-15-3)
rom rom ivc riKEn kr bRhmMf kroV smwXw] (16-15-4)
bIAhuMkr ibsQwr vf Pl AMdr iPr bIau vswXw] (16-15-5)
Aipau pIvx Ajrjrx Awp gvwie n Awp jxwXw] (16-15-6)
inrMjn ivc inrMjn pwXw ]15] (16-15-7)
<>siqgurpRswid ] (17-1-1)
lok vyd suix AwKdw suix suix igAwnI igAwnu vKwxY] (23-16-1)
surg lok sxu mwq lok suix suix swq pqwlu n jwxY] (23-16-2)
bUq BivK n vrqmwn Awid miD AMq hoey hYrwxY] (23-16-3)
auqm mDm nIc hoie smiJ n skix coj ivfwxY] (23-16-4)
rj gux qm gux AwKIAY siq gux sux AwKwx vKwxY] (23-16-5)
mn bc krm is Brmdy swD sMgiq siqgur n is\wxY] (23-16-6)
PkVu ihMdU muslmwxY ]16] (23-16-7)
cwir vrin iek vrin kir vrn Avrn swDsMgu jwpY] (23-19-1)
iCA ruqI iCA drsnw gurmuiK drsnu sUrju QwpY] (23-19-2)
bwrh pMQ imtwie kY gurmuiK pMQ vfw prqwpY] (23-19-3)
vyd kqybhu bwhrw Anhd sbdu AgMm AlwpY] (23-19-4)
pYrI pY pw Kwk hoie gurisKw rhrwis pCwpY] (23-19-5)
mwieAw ivic audwsu kir Awpu gvwey jpY AjwpY] (23-19-6)
lµG inkQY vrY srwpY ]19] (23-19-7)
iqil imil Pul Amul ijau gurisK sMiD sugMD Pulylw] (24-11-1)
Kwsw mlmil isrIswPu swh kpwh clq bhu Kylw] (24-11-2)
gur mUriq gur sbdu hY swDsMgiq imil AMimRq vylw] (24-11-3)
dunIAw kUVI swihbI sc mxI sc grib ghylw] (24-11-4)
dyvI dyv duVwieAnu ijau imrgwvil dyiK bGylw] (24-11-5)
hukim rjweI clxw ipCy lgy nik nkylw] (24-11-6)
gurmuiK scw Amir suhylw ]11] (24-11-7)
ijnHW Bwau iqn nwih Bau mucu Bau AgY inBivAwhw] (26-9-1)
Aig qqI jl sIAlw inv clY isru krY auqwhw] (26-9-2)
Bir fubY KwlI qrY vij n vjY GVY ijvwhw] (26-9-3)
AMb suPl Pil Juik lhY duK Plu ArMfu n invY qlwhw] (26-9-4)
mnu pMKyrU Dwvdw sMig suBwie jwie Pl Kwhw] (26-9-5)
Dir qwrwjU qolIAY haulw Bwrw qolu qulwhw] (26-9-6)
ijix hwrY hwrY ijxY pYrw auqy sIsu Drwhw] (26-9-7)
pYrI pY jg pYrI pwhw ]9] (26-9-8)
scu hukmu scu lyKu hY scu kwrxu kir Kylu rcwieAw] (26-10-1)
kwrxu krqy vis hY ivrlY dw Ehu krY krwieAw] (26-10-2)
so ikhu horu n mMgeI KsmY dw Bwxw iqsu BwieAw] (26-10-3)
KsmY eyvY Bwvdw Bgiq vClu huie ibrdu sdwieAw] (26-10-4)
swDsMgiq gur sbdu ilv kwrxu krqw krdw AwieAw] (26-10-5)
bwl suBwie AqIq jig vr srwp dw Brmu cukwieAw] (26-10-6)
jyhw Bwau qyho Plu pwieAw ]10] (26-10-7)
gur cylw cylw gurU guru isK suix gurisKu sdwvY] (28-16-1)
iek min ieku ArwDxw bwhir jWdw vrij rhwvY] (28-16-2)
hukmI bMdw hoie kY KsmY dw Bwxwiqsu BwvY] (28-16-3)
murdw hoie murId soie ko ivrlw guir goir smwvY] (28-16-4)
pYrI pY pw Kwku hoie pYrW aupir sIsu DrwvY] (28-16-5)
Awpu gvwey Awpu hoie dUjw Bwau n ndrI AwvY] (28-16-6)
guru isKI guru isKu kmwvY ]16] (28-16-7)
cwir vrx kir vriqAW vrnu ichnu ikhu ndir n AwieAw] (28-19-1)
iCA drsnu ByKdwrIAW drsn ivic n drsnu pwieAw] (28-19-2)
sMinAwsI ds nwv Dir nwau gxwie n nwau iDAwieAw] (28-19-3)
rwvl bwrh pMQ kir gurmuK pMQ n AlKu lKwieAw] (28-19-4)
bhu rUpI bhu rUpIey rUp n ryK n lyKu imtwieAw] (28-19-5)
imil imil cldy sMg lK swDU sMig n rMg rMgwieAw] (28-19-6)
ivx guru pUry mohy mwieAw ]19] (28-19-7)
sbd suriq imil swDsMig gurmuiK duK suK smkir swDy] (29-3-1)
haumY durmiq prhrI gurmiq siqgur purKu AwrwDy] (29-3-2)
isv skqI no lµiG kY gurmuiK suK Plu shj smwDy] (29-3-3)
guru prmysru eyku jwix dUjw Bwau imtwie aupwDy] (29-3-4)
jMmx mrxhu bwhry Ajrwvir imil Agm AgwDy] (29-3-5)
Aws n qRws audws Gir hrK sog ivhu AMimRq KwDy] (29-3-6)
mhw AswD swDsMg swDy ]3] (29-3-7)
Awip Blw sBu jgu Blw Blw Blw sBnw kir dyKY] (31-4-1)
Awip burw sBu jgu burw sB ko burw bury dy lyKY] (31-4-2)
iksnu shweI pWfvw Bwie Bgiq krqUiq ivsyKY] (31-4-3)
vYr Bwau iciq kYrvW gxqI gxin AMdir kwlyKY] (31-4-4)
Blw burw prvMinAw Bwlx gey n idsit sryKY] (31-4-5)
burw n koeI juiDstrY durjoDn ko Blw n ByKY] (31-4-6)
krvY hoie su totI ryKY ]4] (31-4-7)
Qom kQUrI vwsu ijauN kMcnu lohu nhIN iek vMnw] (31-11-1)
Ptk n hIry quil hY smsir nVI n vVIAY gMnw] (31-11-2)
quil n rqnw rqkW muil n kcu ivkwvY pMnw] (31-11-3)
durmiq GuMmx vwxIAY gurmiq suikRq boihQu bMnw] (31-11-4)
inµdw hovY bury dI jY jY kwr Bly DMnu DMnw] (31-11-5)
gurmuiK prgtu jwxIAY mnmuK scu rhY prCMnw] (31-11-6)
kMim n AwvY BWfw BMnw ]11] (31-11-7)
AMnHw AwKy liV mrY KusI hovY suix nwau sujwKw] (32-12-1)
Bolw AwKy Blw mMin Ahmku jwix Ajwix n BwKw] (32-12-2)
DorI AwKY his dy bld vKwix krY min mwKw] (32-12-3)
kwauN isAwxp jwxdw ivstw Kwie n BwK suBwKw] (32-12-4)
nwau surIq kurIq dw musk iblweI gWfI swKw] (32-12-5)
hyiT KVw QU QU krY igdV hiQ n AwvY dwKw] (32-12-6)
bol ivgwVu mUrK ByfwKw ]12] (32-12-7)
duhu imil jMmy duie jxy duhu jixAW duie rwh clwey] (33-2-1)
ihMdU AwKin rwm rwmu muslmwxW nwau Kudwey] (33-2-2)
ihMdU pUrib sauihAW pCim muslmwxu invwey] (33-2-3)
gMg bnwris ihMdUAW mkw muslmwxu mnwey] (33-2-4)
vyd kqybW cwir cwir cwr vrn cwir mzhb clwey] (33-2-5)
pMj qq dovY jxy pauxu pwxI bYsMqru Cwey] (33-2-6)
iek QwauN duie nwauN Drwey ]2] (33-2-7)
vuxY julwhw qMdu gMiF ieku sUqu kir qwxw vwxw] (33-4-1)
drjI pwiV ivgwVdw pwtw mul n lhY ivkwxw] (33-4-2)
kqrix kqrY kqrxI hoie dumUhI cVHdI swxw] (33-4-3)
sUeI sIvY joiV kY ivCuiVAW kir myil imlwxw] (33-4-4)
swihbu ieko rwih duie jg ivic ihMdU muslmwxw] (33-4-5)
gurisKI prDwnu hY pIr murIdI hY prvwxw] (33-4-6)
duKI dubwjirAw hYrwxw ]4] (33-4-7)
ijau mix kwly spisir his his ris ris dyie n jwxY] (33-22-1)
jwxu kQUrI imrg qin jIvidAW ikauN koeI AwxY] (33-22-2)
Awrix lohw qweIAY GVIAY ijau vgdy vwdwxY] (33-22-3)
sUrxu mwrix swDIAY Kwih slwih purK prvwxY] (33-22-4)
pwn supwrI kQu imil cUny rMgu surMgu is\wxY] (33-22-5)
AauKDu hovY kwlkUtu mwir jIvwlin vYd sujwxY] (33-22-6)
mnu pwrw gurmuiK vis AwxY ]22]33] (33-22-7)
Vaar 34
siqgurpRswid] (34-1-1)
siqgurpRswid] (35-1-1)
siqgurpRswid] (36-1-1)
ijau bhu vrn vxwspiq mUl pqR Plu Pulu Gnyry] (37-17-1)
iek vrnu bYsMqrY sBnw AMdir krdw fyry] (37-17-2)
rUpu AnUpu Anyk hoie rMgu surMgu su vwsu cMgyry] (37-17-3)
vWshu auiT aupMin kir jwil krMdw BsmY Fyry] (37-17-4)
rMg ibrMgI gaU vMs AMgu AMgu Dir nwau lvyry] (37-17-5)
s~dI AwvY nwau suix pwlI cwrY myry qyry] (37-17-6)
sBnw dw ieku rMgu duDu iGA pt BWfY doK n hyry] (37-17-7)
icqY AMdir cyqu icqyry ]17] (37-17-8)
dsqgIr huie pMj pIr hir guru hir goibMd Aqolw] (39-3-1)
dIn dunI dw pwiqswhu pwiqswhW pwiqswhu Afolw] (39-3-2)
pMj ipAwly Ajru jir hoie msqwn sujwx ivcolw] (39-3-3)
qurIAw ciVH ijix prmqqu iCA vrqwry kolo kolw] (39-3-4)
iCA drsxu iCA pIVHIAW ieksu drsxu AMdir golw] (39-3-5)
jqI sqI sMqoKIAW isD nwQ Avqwr ivrolw] (39-3-6)
igAwrh rudR smuMdR ivic mir jIvY iqsu rqnu Amolw] (39-3-7)
bwrh solW myl kir vIh iekIh cVHwau ihMfolw] (39-3-8)
AMqrjwmI bwlw Bolw ]3] (39-3-9)
gur goivMdu Kudwie pIr guru cylw cylw guru hoAw] (39-4-1)
inrMkwr Awkwru kir eykMkwru Akwru ploAw] (39-4-2)
EAMkwir Akwir lK lK drIAwau kryNdy FoAw] (39-4-3)
lK drIAwau smuMdR ivic sq smuMdR gVwiV smoAw] (39-4-4)
lK gVwiV kVwh ivic iqRsnw dJihN sIK proAw] (39-4-5)
bwvn cMdn bUMd ieku TMFy qqy hoie KloAw] (39-4-6)
bwvn cMdn lK lK crx kvl crxodku hoAw] (39-4-7)
pwrbRhmu pUrn bRhmu Awid purKu Awdysu AloAw] (39-4-8)
hirgoivMd gur CqR cMdoAw ]4] (39-4-9)
iksY iriD isiD iksY dyie iksY iniD krwmwq su iksY] (40-9-1)
iksY rswiex iksY mix iksY pwrs iksY AMimRq irsY] (40-9-2)
qMqu mMqu pwKMf iksY vIrwrwD idsMqru idsY] (40-9-3)
iksY kwmDynu pwirjwq iksY lKmI dyvY ijsY] (40-9-4)
nwtk cytk Awsxw invlI krm Brm Bau imsY] (40-9-5)
jogI BogI jogu Bogu sdw sMjogu ivjogu silsY] (40-9-6)
EAMkwir Akwr su iqsY ]9] (40-9-7)
isru klvqu lY lK vwr homy kit kit iqlu iqlu dyhI] (40-17-1)
glY ihmwcl lK vwir krY aurD qp jugiq snyhI] (40-17-2)
jl qpu swDy Agin qpu pUNAr qpu kir hoie ivdyhI] (40-17-3)
vrq nym sMjm Gxy dyvI dyv AsQwn BvyhI] (40-17-4)
puMn dwn cMigAweIAW isDwsx isMGwsx Qy eyhI] (40-17-5)
invlI krm BuieAMgmW pUrk kuMBk ryc kryhI] (40-17-6)
gurmuiK suK Pl srin sByhI ]17] (40-17-7)
iDAwn mUl mUriq gurU pUjw mUl guru crx pujwey] (40-22-1)
mMqR mUlu guru vwk hY scu sbdu siqgurU suxwey] (40-22-2)
crxodku pivqR hY crx kml guru isK DuAwey] (40-22-3)
crxwimRq ksml kty guru DUrI bury lyK imtwey] (40-22-4)
siq nwm krqw purKu vwihgurU ivic irdY smwey] (40-22-5)
bwrh iqlk imtwey ky gurmuiK iqlk nIswx cVHwey] (40-22-6)
rhurwsI rhurwis eyhu ieko jpIAY horu qjwey] (40-22-7)
ibnu gur drsxu dyKxw BRmqw iPry TauiV nhIN pwey] (40-22-8)
ibnu guru pUrY Awey jwey ]22]40] (40-22-9)
Vaar 41
siqgurpRswid] (41-1-1)