Fundamentals of Engineering

Review Session
September 24, 2008
1. For the three vectors A, B, and C, what is the product A (B
C)?
A = 6i + 8j + 10k
B = i + 2j + 3k
C = 3i + 4j + 5k
(a) 0
(b) 64
(c) 80
(d) 216
SOLUTION: Find the cross product BC. The augmented
matrix method is the easiest approach.
BC = i(2)(5) + j(3)(3) + k(1)(4)
i(4)(3) j(5)(1) k(3)(2)
= 2i + 4j 2k
Now calculate the dot product
A BC = (6)(2) + (8)(4) + (10)(2)
= 12 + 32 20
= 0
Another way of looking at this problem is to use the graphical
denitions of dot and cross products. The product of B C is
a vector that is perpendicular to both B and C. Because A is
a scalar multiple of C, BC is also perpendicular to A, which
means that A BC is dened to be zero.
Answer is A
2. The second and sixth terms of a geometric progression are 3/10
and 243/160, respectively. What is the rst term of this se-
quence?
(a) 1/0
(b) 1/5
(c) 3/5
(d) 3/2
SOLUTION: Apply the formula for a geometric sequence.
Solve this problem by dividing the expressions for the two given
terms
l
n
= ar
n1
l
6
l
2
=
ar
61
ar
21
= r
4
r =
4
_
l
6
l
2
=
4
_
243
160
3
10
= 3/2
l
2
= ar
a =
l
2
r
=
3
10
3
2
= 1/5
Answer is B
3. A marksman can hit a bulls-eye from 100 m with three out of
every four shots. What is the probability that he will hit a bulls-
eye with at least one of his next three shots?
(a) 3/4
(b) 15/16
(c) 31/32
(d) 63/64
SOLUTION: The easiest way to nd the probability of making
at least one bulls-eye is actually to solve for its complementary
probability, that of making zero bulls-eyes.
P( miss) = 1 P( hit)
= 1
3
4
= 1/4
P( at least one) = 1 P( none)
= 1 [P( miss) P( miss) P( miss)]
= 1
_
1
4
_ _
1
4
_ _
1
4
_
= 63/64
Answer is D
4. Evaluate the following limit.
lim
x0
_
1 e
3x
4x
_
(a)
(b) -3/4
(c) 0
(d) 1/4
SOLUTION: This limit has the indeterminate for 0/0, so use
LH opitals rule.
lim
xa
_
f(x)
g(x)
_
= lim
xa
_
f

(x)
g

(x)
_
lim
x0
_
1e
3x
4x
_
= lim
x0
_
3e
3x
4
_
= 3/4
Answer is B
5. Evaluate the following indenite integral
_
cos
2
x sin x dx
(a)
2
3
sin
3
x + C
(b)
1
3
cos
3
x + C
(c)
1
3
sin
3
x + C
(d)
1
2
sin
2
cos
2
x + C
SOLUTION: Simplify this problem by using the variable sub-
stitution u = cos x.
u = cos x
du = (sin x)(dx)
_
cos
2
x sin x dx =
_
(u
2
)(du)
=
1
3
(u
3
) + C
=
1
3
(cos
3
x) + C
Answer is B
6. What are the coordinates of the center and the radius, respec-
tively, of the following equation for a circle?
x
2
+ y
2
+ 12y 2x + 12 = 0
(a) (1, -6); 12
(b) (-1, 6);

12
(c) (-1, 6); 25
(d) (1, -6); 5
SOLUTION: The equation can be factored into the standard
form with center (h, k) and radius r.
(x h)
2
+ (y k)
2
= r
2
x
2
+ y
2
+ 12y 2x + 12 = 0
(x
2
2x + 1) + (y
2
+ 12y + 36) = 12 + 1 + 36
(x 1)
2
+ (y + 6)
2
= 25
The center is at
(h, k) = (1, 6)
The radius is
r =

25 = 5
Answer is D
7. A line goes through the point (4,-6) and is perpendicular to the
line y = 4x + 10. What is the equation of the line?
(a) y = mx 20
(b) y =
1
4
x 5
(c) y =
1
5
x + 5
(d) y =
1
4
x + 5
SOLUTION: The slopes of two lines that are perpendicular
are related by
m
1
=
1
m
2
The slope of the line perpendicular to the line with slope m
1
= 4
is
m
2
=
1
m
1
=
1
4
The equation of the line is given in the form
y = mx + b
m = 1/4, and a known point is (x, y) = (4, 6).
6 =
_

1
4
_
(4) + b
b = 6
_

1
4
_
(4)
= 5
The equation of the line is
y =
1
4
x 5
Answer is B
8. The expression csc cos
3
tan is equivalent to which of the fol-
lowing expressions?
(a) sin
(b) cos
(c) 1 sin
2

(d) 1 + sin
2

SOLUTION: Use trigonometric identities to simplify the ex-

pression
csc cos
3
tan =
_
1
sin
_
(cos
3
)
_
sin
cos
_
= cos
2

= 1 sin
2

Answer is C
9. In the following illustration, angles 2 and 5 are 90

, AD=15,
DC=20, and AC=25. What are the lengths of BC and BD,
respectively?
(a) 12,16
(b) 16,12
(c) 13.17
(d) 18,13
SOLUTION: For triangle ABD,
(BD)
2
+ x
2
= (15)
2
For triangle DBC,
(BD)
2
+ (25 x)
2
= (20)
2
(15)
2
x
2
= (20)
2
(25 x)
2
625 50x + x
2
x
2
= 175
625 50x = 175
x = 9
= AB
BC = 25 AB
= 16
(BD)
2
+ 9
2
= (15)
2
BD = 12
Answer is B
10. What is the equation of the ellipse with center at (0,0) that passes
through the points (2,0), (0,3) and (-2,0)?
(a)
x
2
9

y
2
4
= 1
(b)
x
2
4

y
2
9
= 1
(c)
x
2
9
+
y
2
4
= 1
(d)
x
2
4
+
y
2
9
= 1
SOLUTION: An ellipse has the standard form
(x h)
2
a
2
+
(y k)
2
b
2
= 1
The center is at (h, k) = (0, 0).Substitute the known values of
(x, y) to determine a and b.
For (x, y) = (2, 0),
(2)
2
a
2
+
(0)
2
b
2
= 1
a
2
= 4
a = 2
For (x, y) = (0, 3),
(0)
2
a
2
+
(3)
2
b
2
= 1
b
2
= 9
b = 3
For (x, y) = (2, 0),
(2)
2
a
2
+
(0)
2
b
2
= 1
a
2
= 4
a = 2
[This last step is not necessary as a and b are determined from
the rst point.]
The equation of the ellipse is
x
2
(2)
2
+
y
2
(3)
2
= 1
x
2
4
+
y
2
9
= 1
Answer is D
11. Given vectors A, B, and C, what is the value of (A+B)(B+C)?
A = 8i + 2j + 2k
B = 4i + 2j + 4k
C = 6i + 8j + 10k
(a) 52
(b) 104
(c) 132
(d) 244
SOLUTION: Sum the components of the vectors being added.
A+ B = 8i + 2j + 2k
4i + 2j + 4k
=
12i + 4j + 6k
B+ C = 4i + 2j + 4k
6i + 8j + 10k
=
10i + 10j + 14k
The dot product is the sum of the products of the like compo-
nents.
(A+ B) (B+ C) = (12)(10) + (4)(10) + (6)(14)
= 244
Answer is D
12. Solve the following set of simultaneous linear equations for A, B, and C.
2A + 3B C = 10
A + 4B + 2C = 4
2A 2B + 5C = 35
(a) -2,-3,5
(b) 2,-3,5
(c) 2,0,5
(d) 2,3,-5
SOLUTION: Use Cramers rule to solve the simultaneous lin-
ear equations.
The coecient matrix is
D =
_
_
2 3 1
1 4 2
2 2 5
_
_
The determinant is
|D| = = 2

4 2
2 5

+ 1

3 1
2 5

+ 2

3 1
4 2

= (2)(20 + 4) + (1)(15 2) + (2)(6 + 4)

= 81
The determinants of the substitutional matrices are
|A
1
| =

10 3 1
4 4 2
35 2 5

= 162
|A
2
| =

2 10 1
1 4 2
2 35 5

= 243
|A
3
| =

2 3 10
1 4 4
2 2 35

= 405
A =
162
81
= 2
B =
243
81
= 3
C =
405
81
= 5
Answer is B
13. What is the angle between the two vectors A and B?
A = 4i + 12j + 6k
B = 24i 8j + 6k
(a) 84.32

(b) 84.32

(c) 101.20

(d) 122.36

SOLUTION: There are two ways to calculate the dot product

of vectors. Apply both, and set their results equal to one another.
A B = |A||B|(cos )
=
_
(4)
2
+ (12)
2
+ (6)
2

_
(24)
2
+ (8)
2
+ (6)
2
= (14)(26)(cos )
A B = a
x
b
x
+ a
y
b
y
+ a
z
b
z
= (4)(24) + (12)(8) + (6)(6)
= 36
(14)(26)(cos ) = 36
cos = 0.0989
= cos
1
(0.0989)
= 84.32

Answer is B
14. Find the unit vector associated with the vector 18i + 3j + 29k.
(a) 0.525i + 0.088j + 0.846k
(b) 0.892i + 0.178j + 0.416k
(c) 1.342i + 0.868j + 2.437k
(d) 6i + j +
29
3
k
SOLUTION: The unit vector of a particular vector is the vec-
tor itself divided by its length.
unit vector =
18i+3j+29k

(18)
2
+(3)
2
+(29)
2
= 0.525i + 0.088j + 0.846k
Answer is A
15. If there are three cars in a race, in how many dierent ways can
they place rst, second, and third?
SOLUTION: 3.2.1 = 6
16. If there are ten cars in a race, in how many dierent ways can
they place rst, second, and third?
SOLUTION:
10
P
3
= 10.9.8 = 720.
17. Two fair dice are thrown. What is the probability that the out-
come is a 6 and an odd number?
SOLUTION: 6/36 = 1/6
18. If ve boys and ve girls sit in a row in a random order, what is
the probability that no two children of the same sex sit together?
SOLUTION: The number of ways in which 5 boys and 5 girls
can sit is 10!. So that no two of the same sex sit together, boys
occupy positions 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and girls 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or the other
way around. Thus there are 2(5!)(5!) ways in which this can
occur. Hence the desired probability is
2(5!)(5!)
10!
= 0.0082.
19. Given P(A) = 0.30, P(B) = 0.71 and P(A B) = 0.15, nd
(a) P(A B);
(b) P(A B);
(c) P(A B);
(d) P(A B).
20. Given P(A) = 0.50, P(B) = 0.30, and P(A B) = 0.2, nd
(a) P(A|B);
(b) P(A|B);
(c) P(B|A);
(d) P(B|A).
21. What is the cross product, A B, of vectors A and B?
A = i + 4j + 6k
B = 2i + 3j + 5k
(a) i j k
(b) i + j + k
(c) 2i + 7j 5k
(d) 2i + 7j + 5k
SOLUTION: The cross product of two vectors is the determi-
nant of a third-order matrix, shown as follows.
AB =
_
_
i j k
a
x
a
y
a
z
b
x
b
y
b
z
_
_
=
_
_
i j k
1 4 6
2 3 5
_
_
= i[(4)(5) (6)(3)] j[(1)(5) (6)(2)]
+ k[(1)(3) (4)(2)]
= 2i + 7j 5k
Answer is C
22. What are the polar (r, ) coordinates of the point that has rec-
tangular (x, y) coordinates of (4,6)?
(a) (4, 6

)
(b) (4, 56.3

)
(c) (7.21, 33.7

)
(d) (7.21, 56.3

)
SOLUTION: The radius and angle of the polar form can be
determined from the x and ycoordinates.
r =
_
x
2
+ y
2
=
_
(4)
2
+ (6)
2
= 7.211
= tan
1
_
y
x
_
= tan
1
_
6
4
_
= 5.63

Answer is D
23. Which of the following choices is closest to the rationalized form
of the complex number
7 + j5.2
3 + j4
(a) 0.030 + j1.8
(b) 1.67 j0.5
(c) 2.33 + j1.2
(d) 2.33 + j1.3
SOLUTION: Multiply the numerator and denominator by the
complex conjugate of the denominator. The denominator be-
comes a real number.
(7 + j5.2)(3 j4)
3 + j4)(3 j4)
=
(7)(3)+(7)(j4)+j5.2)(3)+(j5.2)(j4)
(3)(3)+(3)(j4)+(j4)(3)+(j4)(j4)
=
21j28+j15.6+20.8
9j12+j12+16
=
41.8j12.4
25
= 1.672 j0.496 (1.67 j0.5)
Answer is B
24. What is the cross product AB, of the vectors
A = 2i + 4j + 8k
B = 2i + j 4k?
(a) 24i 8j + 10k
(b) 24i + 8j + 10k
(c) 4i 4j 32k
(d) 4i + 4j 32k
SOLUTION: Find the determinant of the 3 3 matrix whose
rows are the unit vector and the coecients of vectors A and B.
AB =
_
_
i j k
a
x
a
y
a
z
b
x
b
y
b
z
_
_
= i(a
y
b
z
b
y
a
z
) j(a
x
b
z
b
x
a
z
)
+ k(a
x
b
y
b
x
a
y
)
= i[(4)(4) (1)(8)] j[(2)(4) (2)(8)]
+ k[(2)(1) (2)(4)]
= 24i 8j + 10k
Answer is A
25. Four fair coins are tossed at once. What is the probability of
obtaining three heads and one tail?
(a) 1/4
(b) 3/8
(c) 1/2
(d) 3/4
SOLUTION: The probability of obtaining three heads and one
tail is equivalent to the probability that exactly three heads (or
exactly one tail) are thrown.
P(3 heads) =
C(4,3)
(2)
4
=
4!
3!(43)!
16
=
4
16
=
1
4
Alternatively, the binomial probability function can be used to
determine the probability of three heads in four trials.
p = P( heads) = 0.5
q = P( not heads) = 0.5
n = number of trials = 4
x = number of successes = 3
F(x) = C(n, x)p
x
q
nx
=
n!
x!(nx)!
p
x
q
nx
=
4!
3!(43)!
(0.5)
3
(0.5)
= 0.25 (1/4)
Answer is A
26. Two students are working independently on a problem. Their
respective probabilities of solving the problem are 1/3 and 3/4.
What is the probability that at least one of them will solve the
problem?
(a) 1/2
(b) 5/8
(c) 2/3
(d) 5/6
SOLUTION: The probability that either or both of the stu-
dents solve the problem is given by the laws of total and joint
probability.
P(A) =
1
3
P(B) =
3
4
P(A + B) = P(A) + P(B) P(AB)
=
1
3
+
3
4

_
1
3
_ _
3
4
_
=
10
12
=
5
6
Answer is D
27. A cat has a litter of seven kittens. If the probability is 0.52 that
a kitten will be female, what is the probability that exactly two
of the seven will be male?
(a) 0.07
(b) 0.18
(c) 0.23
(d) 0.29
SOLUTION: The trials follow a binomial distribution. The
probability of a male kitten is dened as a success.
p = 1 0.52 = P( male kitten)
q = 0.52 = P( female kitten)
n = 7 trials
x = 2 successes
P(x) = C(n, x)p
x
q
nx
=
n!
x!(nx)!
p
x
q
nx
=
7!
2!(72)!
(0.48)
2
(0.52)
(72)
= 0.184
Answer is B
28. What is the approximate probability that no two people in a
group of seven have the same birthday?
(a) 0.056
(b) 0.43
(c) 0.92
(d) 0.94
SOLUTION: This is the classic birthday problem. The
problem is to nd the probability that all seven people have
distinctly dierent birthdays. The solution can be found from
simple counting.
The rst person considered can be born on any day. The prob-
ability that the rst person will be born on one of the 365 days
in the year is
P(1) =
365
365
The second person cannot have been born on the same day as
the rst person. However, the second person can be born on any
other of the 364 days. The probability that the second person is
born on any other day is
P(2) =
365 1
365
=
364
365
The third person cannot have been born on either of the same
days as the rst and second people. The probability that the
third person is born on any other day is
P(3) =
365 2
365
=
363
365
This logic continues to the seventh person. The probability that
all seven conditions are simultaneously satised is
P(7 distinct birthdays)
= P(1) P(2) P(3) P(4) P(5) P(6) P(7)
=
_
365
365
__
364
365
__
363
365
__
362
365
__
361
365
__
360
365
__
359
365
_
= 0.9438 (0.94)
Answer is D
29. What is the approximate probability of exactly two people in a
group of seven having a birthday on April 10th?
SOLUTION: For this problem, binomial probability distribu-
tion can be used to calculate the probability of exactly two suc-
cesses in seven trials. The probability that a person is born on
April 10th is 1/365. Therefore, the probability of success, p, is
1/365 and the probability of failure, q = 1-p, is 364/365. Here
number of trials n = 7 and the number of successes x =2. Thus
the required probability is given by F(2) =
7
C
2
(1/365)
2
(364/365)
5
.
30. What is the approximate probability of exactly two people in a
group of seven having the same birthday?
(a) 0.00016
(b) 0.026
(c) 0.055
(d) 0.12
SOLUTION: This problem is concerned with (exactly) 2 peo-
ple having any birthday in common. This is a more complex
problem than the previous. In order to satisfy the condition that
only 2 people share the same birthday, the other 5 must be pre-
vented from sharing a birthday.
Take April 15 as an example. The probability that persons 1 and
2 are born on April 15 is (1/365)
2
. The probability that person 3
is born on a day dierent from persons 1 and 2 is 364/365. The
probability that person is born on a day dierent from persons
1, 2, and 3 is 363/365. And, so on. The probability that persons
1 and 2 are born on April 15 and that persons 3 through 7 do
not share a common birthday is
_
1
365
_
2
_
364
365
__
363
365
__
362
365
__
361
365
__
360
365
_
However, there a C(7/2) = 21 (seven choose two) ways of
combining 7 people into unique groups of 2, so the probability of
any two people being born on April 15 is
(21)
_
1
365
_
2
_
364
365
__
363
365
__
362
365
__
361
365
__
360
365
_
Finally, there are 365 distinct days (not just April 15) in the year,
so the probability of (exactly) any 2 people sharing any birthday
is
(21)(365)
_
1
365
_
2
_
364
365
__
363
365
__
362
365
__
361
365
__
360
365
_
= 0.552 (0.55)
Answer is C
31. If seven fair coins are simultaneously tossed in the air, what is
the probability that at least one will land heads up?
(a) 0.144
(b) 0.286
(c) 0.971
(d) 0.992
SOLUTION: The probability of obtaining at least one head is
equal to one minus the probability of obtaining no heads. The
only way that there could be no heads would be for all coins to
land tails up. The probability of this happening is
P( all tails up) = P( coin 1 tails up)
P( coin 2 tails up)

P( coin 7 tails up)
= (0.5)
7
= 0.0078
P( at least one head) = 1 P( all tails) = 1 0.0078
= 0.9922 (0.992)
Answer is D
32. What is the maximum value of the following function in the
interval x 0?
y = 2x
3
+ 12x
2
30x + 10
(a) -210
(b) -36
(c) -5
(d) 210
SOLUTION: The critical points are located where dy/dx = 0.
dy
dx
= 6x
2
+ 24x 30
6x
2
+ 24x 30 = 0
x
2
+ 4x 5 = 0
(x + 5)(x 1) = 0
x = 5 or x = 1
A critical point is a maximum if d
2
y/dx
2
< 0.
d
2
y
dx
2
= 12x + 24
At x = 5, the second derivative is
(12)(5) + 24 = 36
At x = 1, the second derivative is
(12)(1) + 24 = 36
x = 5 is a maximum, and x = 1 is a minimum.
The maximum value is
(2)(5)
3
+ (12)(5)
2
(30)(5) + 10 = 210
Answer is D
33. What is dy/dx if y = (2x)
x
?
(a) (2x)
x
(2 + ln 2x)
(b) 2x(1 + ln 2x)
x
(c) (2x)
x
(ln 2x
2
)
(d) (2x)
x
(1 + ln 2x)
SOLUTION: From the table of derivatives,
D(f(x))
g(x)
= g(x)(f(x))
g(x)1
Df(x)
+ ln(f(x))(f(x))
g(x)
Dg(x)
f(x) = 2x
g(x) = x
d(2x)
x
dx
= (x)(2x)
x1
(2) + (ln(2x))(2x)
x
(1)
= (2x)
x
+ (2x)
x
ln(2x)
= (2x)
x
(1 + ln(2x))
Answer is D
34. What are the minimum and maximum values, respectively, of
the equation f(x) = 5x
3
2x
2
+ 1 on the interval (-2,2)?
(a) -47, 33
(b) -4, 4
(c) 0.95, 1
(d) 0, 0.27
SOLUTION: The critical points are located where the rst
derivative is zero.
f(x) = 5x
3
2x
2
+ 1
f

(x) = 15x
2
4x
15x
2
4x = 0
x(15x 4) = 0
x = 0 or x = 4/15
Test for a maximum, minimum, or inection point
f

(x) = 30x 4
f

(0) = (30)(0) 4
= 4
f

(a) < 0 [ maximum]

f

_
4
15
_
= (30)
_
4
15
_
4
= 4
f

(a) > 0 [ minimum]

These could be a local maximum and minimum. Check the end-
points of the interval and compare with the function values at
the critical points.
f(2) = (5)(2)
3
(2)(2)
2
+ 1 = 47
f(2) = (5)(2
3
(2)(2)
2
+ 1 = 33
f(0) = (5)(0)
3
(2)(0)
2
+ 1 = 1
f
_
4
15
_
= (5)
_
4
15
_
3
(2)
_
4
15
_
2
+ 1
= 0.95
The minimum and maximum values of the equation are at the
endpoints, -47 and 33, respectively.
Answer is A
35. What is the rst derivative, dy/dx of the following expression?
(xy)
x
= e
(a) 0
(b)
x
y
[1 x ln(x)]
(c)
y
x
[1 + ln(xy)]
(d)
y
x
SOLUTION: The expression can be simplied by taking the
natural logarithm of both sides. Then, use implicit dierentia-
tion.
(xy)
x
= e
ln(xy)
x
= ln e
x ln(xy) = 1
d
dx
(x ln(xy)) =
d
dx
(1)
Use the product rule and chain rule to dierentiate the left side.
x
_
1
xy
_
(xy

+ y) + (1) ln(xy) = 0
_
1
y
_
(xy

+ y) + ln(xy) = 0
xy

+ y = y ln(xy)
y

=
y y ln(xy)
x
=
y
x
(1 + ln(xy))
Answer is C
36. What is the standard form of the equation of the line tangent to
a circle centered at the origin with a radius of 5 at point (3,4)?
(a) x =
4
3
y
25
4
(b) y =
3
4
x +
25
4
(c) y =
3
4
x +
9
4
(d) y =
3
4
x +
25
4
SOLUTION:The slope of the radius line to point (3,4) is 4/3.
Therefore, the slope of the tangent line is -3/4.
The point-slope form of a straight line with (x
1
, y
1
) = (3, 4) is
y 4 =
3
4
(x 3)
The standard form is
y =
3
4
x +
_
9
4
+ 4
_
=
3
4
x +
25
4
Answer is D
37. Evaluate dy/dx for the following expression.
y = e
x
sin(2x)
(a) e
x
[2 cos(2x) sin(2x)]
(b) e
x
[2 sin(2x) + cos(2x)]
(c) e
x
[2 sin(2x) + cos(2x)]
(d) e
x
[2 cos(2x) sin(2x)]
SOLUTION: Use the product rule
d
dx
(e
x
sin(2x)) = e
x
d
dx
(sin(2x))
+ sin(2x)
d
dx
(e
x
)
= e
x
(cos(2x))(2)
+ sin(2x)(e
x
)(1)
= e
x
(2 cos(2x) sin(2x))
Answer is A
38. Evaluate the following integral.
_
4
8 + 2x
2
dx
(a) 4 ln |8 + 2x
2
| + C
(b)
1
2
6x
3
+ C
(c) tan
1
_
x
2
_
+ C
(d) (4)(8 + 2x
2
)
2
+ C
SOLUTION: Simplify the expression.
_ _
4
8 + 2x
2
_
dx =
1
2
_
dx
1 +
x
2
4
Use a variable substitution for x
u =
x
2
du =
dx
2
1
2
_
dx
1 +
x
2
4
=
_
du
1 + u
2
= tan
1
u + C
= tan
1
x
2
+ C
Answer is C
39. What is the approximate area bounded by the curves y = 8
x
2
and y = 2 + x
2
?
(a) 22.4
(b) 26.8
(c) 29.8
(d) 44.7
SOLUTION: Find the intersection points by setting the two
functions equal
2 + x
2
= 8 x
2
2x
2
= 10
x =

5
The integral of f
1
(x)f
2
(x) represents the area between the two
curves between the limits of integration.
A =
x
2
_
x
1
(f
1
(x) f
2
(x)) dx
=

5
_

5
((8 x
2
) (2 + x
2
)) dx
=

5
_

5
(10 2x
2
) dx
=
_
10x
_
2
3
_
x
3
_
|

5
= 29.8
Answer is C
40. Determine the divergence of the vector function F(x, y, z).
F(x, y, z) = xzi + e
x
yj + 7x
3
yk
(a) z + e
x
(b) z + ye
x
+ 21x
2
y
(c) x + y
(d) x + ye
x
SOLUTION:
div F =

x
(xz) +

y
(e
x
y) +

z
(7x
3
y) = z + e
x
+ 0
= z + e
x
Answer is A
41. Determine the curl of the vector function F(x, y, z).
F(x, y, z) = 3x
2
i + 7e
x
yj
(a) 7e
x
y
(b) 7e
x
yi
(c) 7e
x
yj
(d) 7e
x
yk
SOLUTION:
curl F =

i j k

z
3x
2
7e
x
y 0

Expand the determinant across the top row.

i
_

y
(0)

z
(7e
x
y)
_
j
_

x
(0)

z
(3x
2
)
_
+k
_

x
(7e
x
y)

y
(3x
2
)
_
= i(0 0) j(0 0) + k(7e
x
y 0)
= 7e
x
yk
Answer is D
42. Find dy/dx for the parametric equations given.
x = 2t
2
t
y = t
3
2t + 1
(a) 3t
2
(b) 3t
2
/2
(c) 4t 1
(d) (3t
2
2)/(4t 1)
SOLUTION:
dy
dt
= 3t
2
2
dx
dt
= 4t 1
dy
dx
=
dy
dt
dx
dt
=
3t
2
2
4t 1
Answer is D
43. What are the (x, y) coordinates of the point where the following
two curves intersect?
y = x
2
x + y = 6
Solution: Substituting y = x
2
in x +y = 6 we get x +x
2
= 6.
This implies x
2
+ x 6 = which gives x = 2 or x = 3.
Substituting these values of x, we get y = 2
2
= 4 or y = (3)
2
=
9. Hence the points of intersection are (2, 4) and (3, 9).
44. What is the longest side of the triangle determined by the fol-
lowing lines?
y = 2x 2, y = 2x + 3, y = 12x 7
Solution: Determine the coordinates of the vertices of this tri-
angle by setting all possible pairs of equations equal.
Point A : 2x-2 = -2x + 3 which gives x = 5/4 and y = 1/2
Point B: -2x+3 = 12x - 7 which gives x = 5/7 and y = 11/7
Point C: 12x - 7 = 2x - 2 which gives x = 1/2 and y = -1
Now compute the distances AB = 1.198, AC = 1.677
and BC = 2.580. So the longest side is 2.580.
45. Find the function whose tangent line has slope 2xe
2x
2
for each
x and whose graph passes through the point (0,-3).
46. Solve
dy
dx
=
4xy

1 x
2
; y = 2 when x = 0
47. Find the partial derivatives with respect to x and y of the function
z = e
xy
+ y
2
Solution:
z
x
= e
xy
y.
z
y
= e
xy
x + 2y.
48. Use logarithmic identities to evaluate the numerical value of the
following expression:
log
3
(
3
2
) + log
3
(12) log
3
(2)
Solution:
Note log(xy) = log(x) + log(y) and log(x/y) = log(x) - log(y).
Thus given expression reduces to:
log
3
[
3/2(12)
2
] = log
3
(9) = log
3
3
2
= 2.
49. If 8 of 18 new buildings in a city violate the building code, what
is the probability that a building inspector, who randomly selects
5 of the new buildings for inspection, will catch
(a) none of the buildings that violate the building code;
(b) 1 of the new buildings that violate the building code;
(c) 2 of the new buildings that violate the building code;
(d) at least 3 of the new buildings that violate the building code?
50. Two rms V and W consider bidding on a road-building job,
which may or may not be awarded depending on the amounts of
the bids. Firm V submits a bid and the probability is
3
5
that it
will get the job provided rm W does not bid. The probability
is
3
5
that W will bid, and if it does, the probability that V will
get the job is only
1
3
.
(a) What is the probability that V will get the job?
(b) If V gets the job, what is the probability that W did bid?
(c) If V gets the job, what is the probability that W did not bid?