Take pride with Dengard

Stop ileitis eating into your profits

Denagard prevents the establishment of ileitis

KEY POINTS
l Ileitis is present on a high percentage of farms worldwide l Ileitis can be difficult to detect because many pigs develop only mild or subclinical signs l Direct financial losses due to poor growth rates and inefficient feed conversion have been estimated to cost $3.28 to $11.48 per affected pig1. Associated losses may vary from $5 to $22 per pig2 l Denagard prevents and controls L. intracellularis infection. It has the lowest MIC values and achieves concentrations 10 times greater in the mucosa cells (where the organism lives) than in blood serum3 l Denagard can improve average daily gain (ADG) by 29% and feed conversion rate (FCR) by 17%4 in ileitis affected pigs

Denagard controls established ileitis infections (trial data)

Walter et al (2000) evaluated the efficacy of Denagard in feed for controlling an established ileitis infection: l 48 healthy pigs that had been artificially infected with Lawsonia intracellularis, were divided in 2 treatment groups l one group was a negative control, the second received Denagard in feed at 38.5 ppm for 4 weeks, once 50% of the pigs had shown signs of Ileitis l By day 14 after the commencement of treatment both ADG and FCR for the treated pigs was greater than the controls, and by day 21 it was significantly greater l 37 days after the treatment had been initiated all the pigs were necropsied and examined In a similar study Walter et al (2000) evaluated the efficacy of DENAGARD in drinking water to control an established ileitis infection: l 48 six week old pigs that were artificially infected with Lawsonia intracellularis, were divided into 2 treatment groups l one group was a negative control, and the second one received Denagard in drinking water for 5 days at 60 ppm, starting when 50% of the pigs showed signs of Ileitis l Clinical signs were significantly reduced by day 3 after treatment l ADG and FCR of the treated group was significantly greater for both the treatment and post-treatment period (refer table 3)

Schwartz et al designed a study to evaluate the impact of Denagard premix on the development of clinical signs and lesions of PPE (ileitis): l 32 animals were divided in 4 groups of 8 l 3 groups were infected with L. intracellularis, and the 4th group acted as a non-infected (negative) control l 2 out of the 3 groups to be infected received treatment with Denagard premix l one of these treated groups received in feed Denagard at 38.5ppm and the other treated group in feed Denagard at 55 ppm

l treatments commenced 7 days prior to infection with L. intracellularis, and continued for 28 days following this infection l Denagard premix at 38.5 ppm and 55 ppm (in feed) completely prevented the development of gross lesions of PPE (Refer table 1) l Both Denagard treated groups demonstrated significantly improved ADG and FCR compared to the non-medicated groups

l table 2 shows how the Denagard treated groups health and production performance was markedly better than the control

Table 2: Effect of Denagard on PPE after 4 weeks medication 4

Control % pigs with PPE gross lesions % pigs with PPE microscopic lesions % pigs with faecal L.i shedding Average daily weight gain (ADG) in grams (days 0-28) Average daily feed intake in kilograms (days 0-28) Gain/feed (days 0-28) 33% 33% 17% 409 0.76 0.540 Treated 4% 9% 0% 528 0.84 0.631 P value 0.0206 0.0557 0.0500 0.007 0.029 0.010

Table 1: The effect of Denagard on key health and performance parameters when challenged with L. intracellularis 1
Non infected group Infected Non medicated Infected Denagard 38.5 ppm Infected Denagard 55 ppm

Table 3: Effect of Denagard on PPE 10 days post cessation of treatment 5

Control % pigs with PPE gross lesions % pigs with PPE microscopic lesions % pigs with faecal L.i shedding (day 23) Average daily weight gain (ADG) in grams (days 8-23) Gain/feed (days 8-23) 58% 92% 71% 510 0.528 Treated 12% 21% 12% 641 0.633 P value 0.0002 <0.00005 <0.00005 0.007 0.010

Gross lesions of small intestines Immunoflourescent antibody (IFA) test - ileum No. of pig days with diarrhoea scores> 0 (%) Average daily gain (ADG) in grams (28 days) Average daily feed intake (ADFI) in kilos (28 days) Feed conversion efficiency (FCR) (28 days)

0/8

5/8

0/8

0/8

0/8

7/8

1/8

2/8

3.0 581 (116.4%) 1.21 (114.2%) 2.08 (97.7%)

29 499 (100%) 1.06 (100%) 2.13 (100%)

0.0 640 (128.3%) 1.26 (118.9%) 1.96 (92.0%)

0.4 622 (124.6%) 1.24 (116.9%) 1.99 (93.4%)

Winckleman et al (2002) designed a US challenge study to assess the impact of Denagard administered in water on the performance of pigs affected with ileitis: l 36 pigs were divided in 3 groups. one group remained as non-infected control, while the other two were challenged with 1x10 9 L. intracellularis organisms l Denagard was given to one of the infected groups at 60ppm for 5 consecutive days 7 days following challenge

l Pigs were monitored for 15 days (5 days medication/10 days post-medication); and then necropsied 22 days post-challenge l table 4 demonstrates the efficacy of Denagard against an established infection and how it enhances productivity through improving ADG and FCR

Table 4: Comparison of L. intracellularis-free and L. intracellularis infected pigs with and without Denagard treatment 6
Group one Denagard L.i challenge Day 0 (challenge) Day 7 (start treatment) Day 12 (stop treatment) Day 22 (necropsy) ADG ADFI ADG/ADFI ADWI Mortality Nil No 10.84 13.94a 16.96a 22.86a 594a 1146a 0.518a 3116a 0/9 Group two 60ppm Yes Mean bodyweight (kg) 10.61 12.39b 14.28b 18.42b 402b 908b 0.424a 2457b 0/9 10.84 12.48b 13.69b 15.16c 179c 855b 0.201b 2592b 0/9 <0.01 <0.001 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 Group three Nil Yes P value

Performance days 7-22

SUMMARY
l Ileitis is present on a high percentage of farms worldwide l Chronic ileitis often goes undetected l Ileitis has a dramatic negative impact on pig performance l Financial losses can cost $3.28 to $11.48 per affected pig1 and associated losses may vary from $5 to $22 per pig2 l Denagard in feed or in water medications prevent and control L. intracellularis infections l Treatment of established ileitis infections with Denagard can improve ADG by 29% and FCR by 17% l Denagard has the lowest MIC values for L. intracellularis and achieves concentrations in the mucosa cells (where the organism lives) 10 times greater than in blood serum

1. Schwartz K. et al., Effect of oral tiamulin on the development of porcine proliferative enteropathy in a pure-culture challenge model, Swine Health and Production - Volume 7, Number 1, 1999. 2. G. H. K. Lawson and C. J. Gebhart. Review Proliferative Enteritis. J. Comp. Path. 2000, Vol. 122, 77100 3. Nielsen and Szancer, Uptake and intracellular activity of tiamulin in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes compared with norfloxacin, 15th IPVS Congress, 1998 4. Walter et al., The effectiveness of tiamulin in drinking water for the treatment and control of porcine proliferative enteropathy (ileitis) due to Lawsonia intracellularis, 16th IPVS Congress, 2000 5. Walter et al., The effectiveness of tiamulin in feed for the treatment and control of porcine proliferative enteropathy (ileitis) due to Lawsonia intracellularis, 16th IPVS Congress, 2000 6. Winkelman et al., The impact of Tiamulin administered in water on the performance of growing swine with clinical porcine proliferative enteropathy, 17th IPVS Congress, 2002

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