Force and Motion Force- it is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another

object. Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects. Two broad categories of force: 1. Contact forces - types of forces that result when the two interacting objects are perceived to be physically contacting each other. Examples: a. Frictional forces - is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. b. Tensional forces - is the force that is transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting from opposite ends. The tension force is directed along the length of the wire and pulls equally on the objects on the opposite ends of the wire. c. Normal forces- Is the support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object. d. Air resistance forces - Is a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air. The force of air resistance is often observed to oppose the motion of an object. e. Applied forces- An applied force is a force that is applied to an object by a person or another object.

2. Action at a distance forces - result even when the two interacting objects are not in physical contact with each other, yet are able to exert a push or pull despite their physical separation
Examples:

Gravitational forces

Force - is a quantity that is measured using the standard metric unit known as the Newton. A Newton is abbreviated by an "N." Equilibrium- It occurs when the resultant force acting on a point particle is zero (that is, the vector sum of all forces is zero). 2 kinds of equilibrium: 1. Static equilibrium - It occurs when two forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.

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Dynamic equilibrium- It occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction. In such a situation, a force is applied in the direction of motion while the kinetic friction force exactly opposes the applied force.

Gravity- It is a natural phenomenon by which physical bodies attract with a force proportional to their masses. Torque, moment or moment of force - is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist to an object.

Motion it is a change in position of an object with respect to time. Motion is typically described in terms of velocity, acceleration, displacement, and time. Law of motion: 1. Classical mechanics- is used for describing the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles to parts of machinery, as well as astronomical objects, such as spacecraft, planets, stars, and galaxies. 2. Quantum mechanics it is a set of principles describing physical reality at the atomic level of matter (molecules and atoms) and the subatomic (electrons, protons, and even smaller particles). These descriptions include the simultaneous wave-like and particle-like behavior of both matter and radiation energy, this described in the waveparticle duality. Types of motion: a. Simple harmonic motion (e.g. pendulum). b. Rectilinear motion (Linear motion) motion which follows a straight linear path, and whose displacement is exactly the same as its trajectory. c. Reciprocating (i.e. vibration) d. Brownian motion (i.e. the random movement of particles) e. Circular motion (e.g. the orbits of planets) f. Rotary motion a motion about a fixed point. (E.g. Ferris wheel). g. Curvilinear motion It is defined as the motion along a curved path that may be planar or in three dimensions. h. Rolling motion - (e.g. the wheel of a bicycle) i. Combination motions - Combination of two or more above listed motion