Gentic Mutations Mrs.

Mente

Name________________ March 04, 2013

1. Which statement best explains the significance of meiosis in the process of evolution within a species? 1. The gametes produced by meiosis ensure the 3. Meiosis produces eggs and sperm that are alike. continuation of any particular species by asexual reproduction. 2. Equal numbers of eggs and sperm are produced by 4. Meiosis provides for variation in the gametes meiosis. produced by an organism.

2. Which statement represents the major concept of the biological theory of evolution? 1. A new species moves into a habitat when another 3. Present-day organisms on Earth developed from species becomes extinct. earlier, distinctly different organisms. 2. Every period of time in Earth's history has its own 4. Every location on Earth's surface has its own unique group of organisms. group of organisms.

3. Which two processes result in variations that commonly influence the evolution of sexually reproducing species? 1. mutation and genetic recombination 3. extinction and gene replacement 2. mitosis and natural selection 4. environmental selection and selective breeding

4. Which species in the accompanying chart is most likely to have the fastest rate of evolution?

1. A 2. B

3. C 4. D

5. Which characteristics of a population would most likely indicate the lowest potential for evolutionary change in that population? 1. sexual reproduction and few mutations 3. asexual reproduction and few mutations 2. sexual reproduction and many mutations 4. asexual reproduction and many mutations

6. As a result of sexual reproduction, an organism can pass a gene mutation to its offspring if the mutation occurs in 1. a body cell 3. liver tissue 2. a gamete 4. white blood cells

7. A mutation that can be inherited by offspring would result from 1. random breakage of chromosomes in the nucleus of liver cells 2. a base substitution in gametes during meiosis

3. abnormal lung cells produced by toxins in smoke 4. ultraviolet radiation damage to skin cells

8. A single gene mutation results from 1. a change in a base sequence in DNA 2. recombination of traits

3. the failure of chromosomes to separate 4. blocked nerve messages

9. Mutations that occur in skin or lung cells have little effect on the evolution of a species because mutations in these cells 1. usually lead to the death of the organism 3. are usually beneficial to the organism 2. cannot be passed on to offspring 4. lead to more serious mutations in offspring

10. One disadvantage of a genetic mutation in a human skin cell is that it 1. may result in the production of a defective protein 3. can lead to a lower mutation rate in the offspring of the human 2. may alter the sequence of simple sugars in insulin 4. can alter the rate of all the metabolic processes in the molecules human