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Abu Hanifah

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Numan bin Tsabit bin Zuta bin Mahan at-Taymi (bahasa Arab: ) , lebih dikenal dengan
nama Ab anfah, (bahasa Arab: ( ) lahir di Kufah, Irak pada 80 H / 699 M meninggal di Baghdad,
Irak, 148 H / 767 M) merupakan pendiri dari MadzhabYurisprudensi Islam Hanafi.
Abu Hanifah juga merupakan seorang Tabi'in, generasi setelah Sahabat nabi, karena dia pernah bertemu
dengan salah seorang sahabat bernama Anas bin Malik, dan meriwayatkan hadis darinya serta sahabat
lainnya.[3]
Imam Hanafi disebutkan sebagai tokoh yang pertama kali menyusun kitab fiqh berdasarkan kelompokkelompok yang berawal dari kesucian (taharah), salat dan seterusnya, yang kemudian diikuti oleh ulama-ulama
sesudahnya seperti Malik bin Anas, Imam Syafi'i,Abu Dawud, Bukhari, Muslim dan lainnya.

IMAAM ABU HANIFAH (R.A.)


Imaam of Imaams; Lamp of the Ummah; Leader of the Jurists and Mujtahideen;
Hafize-Hadith Hadhrat Imaam Abu Hanifah (R.A) was a prestigious Mujtahid,
Muhaddith, authoritative person, truthfully spoken, abstinent, wise, and pious.
A great many Muhadditheen and Hanafi, Shafiee, Maaliki and Hanbali Ulamaa are in

unison with regards to Imaam Sahibs strengths and virtues. Thousands of literary
works have been compiled by Imaam Abu Hanifah (R. A.). Amongst the Imaams
Imaam-e-Aazam (Greatest of the Imaams ) was the address of Imaam Abu Hanifah
(RA.) alone. A great group of Ulamaa and Muhadditheen remained the followers of
Imaam Abu Hanifah (RA.), and more than half of the Ummah of Prophet Muhammed
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam are, till this day, followers also.
He was born in the era of
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001800180000000000040000002701ffff030000000000Companions . Abstinent, God
fearing, generous, knowledgeable and virtuous are all attributes collectively found of
Imaam Abu Hanifah (R.A.).
His origination is in Kufa, which at the time, was the greatest centre
of ahaadith. As, in Kufa thousands of Companions

of Rasulullah

Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam had resided there; more than one


thousand jurists were born in Kufa of which one hundred and fifty
were Companions of the Holy Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam.
Kufa, was where the ranked Hadhrat Abdullah Ibn Masud
Hadhrat Abu Huraira

and

had previously resided.

Imaam Sahibs upbringing and education was achieved in such a


reputed educational centre, and he reaped much advantage from
the Ulamaa of Haramain.
LINEAGE :Numaan ibn Thabit Ibn Zuta Ibn Maah\ lbn Marzubaan.
(Difference of opinion lies only in choice of wording not name.)
YEAR & PLACE of BIRTH:80 A.H. Kufa, Iraq.
RENOWNED ADDRESS : Imaam-e-Aazam \ Abu Hanifah (R. A.).
SPECIAL ATTRIBUTE: It has been unanimously agreed that Imaam
Abu Hanifah (RA.) was a Taabiee. There are various differing quotes
concerning the number of Companions seen by Imaam Sahib. Sahibe-Ikmaal narrates a total of 26, whilst Hafiz Ibn Hajr quotes 8. The
most opposed view is that of Hafiz Almizzi whom has stated 72
Companions (R. A.).
ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE:Primary, basic Islamic teachings
were acquired as a child, which were short lived due to Imaam Abu
Hanifah s fathers death. Subsequently, he supported the family
business.
MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD: Silk Merchant.
ADVANCEMENT OF KNOWLEDGE: At the age of 22 years much
spare time was spent in debating. In this period of time Imaam
Shabee (R. A.) advised Imaam Abu Hanifah ( R.A.) to associate
himself with a scholar.
Being unable to answer a query regarding the correct Sunnah
procedure of divorce, Imaam Abu Hanifah began to join the
gatherings of lmam Hammad (R. A), (student of Hadhrat Anas

(RA.) ), disposing of his works as a debator. For the next ten


consecutive years he remained the student of Imaam Hammad
(R.A.). After two years, for a period of two months Imaam Hammad
took a sudden leave to Basra ( due to his relatives death) leaving
Imaam Abu Hanifah (R. A.) to continue his works in Kufa. Imaam Abu
Hanifah (R. A.) remained Imaam Hammads student for a further 8
years.
MOST EMINENT TEACHER OF JURISPRUDENCE:
Imaam Hammad (R A)

MOST EMINENT TEACHER OF AHAADEETH:


Imaam Aamir Shabi (R. A.).
NO. 0F AHAADEETH ACQUIRED:
4,000 Ahaadeeth in which 2,000 Ahaadeeth from Imaam Hammad
( RA.)alone.
3 PROMINENT PRINCIPLES UPON WHICH IMAAM
ABU HANIFAH ACCEPTED AHAADEETH:
1).Since

the initial day of hearing the hadith it is remembered in its


correct form to the very time of narration.
2). The hadith must have been projected by the Holy Prophet
Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and narrated onwards via wholly reliable
persons.
3). Any Ahaadeeth which contradicted the Quran or other famous
Ahaadeeth were unacceptable.
A SMALL GLIMPSE OF IMAAM ABU HANIFAS (R.A.)
TEACHERS: Aamir Ibn Shurahbeel, Shaabi Kufi, Alqama Ibn
Marthad, Ziyaad Ibn Ilaqa, Adi Ibn Thabit, Qataada Basri,
Muhammed Ibn Munkadir Madni, Simaak Ibn Harb, Qays Ibn Muslim
Kufi, Mansoor Ibn Umar etc. etc.
A SMALL GLIMPSE OF IMAAM ABU HANIFAS (R.A.)

STUDENTS: Qazi Abu Yusuf, Muhammad Ibn Hasan, Zufar Ibn


Huzayl, Hammad Ibn Abu Hanifah, Abu Ismat Mugheera Ibn
Miqsam,Yunus Ibn Ishaaq, Abu Bakr Ibn Ayyaash, Abdullah Ibn
Mubarak, Ali Ibn Aasim, Ja far Ibn Awn, Ubaydullah Ibn Musa etc.
etc.
IMAAM ABU HANIFAHS (R.A.) LITERARY WORKS: Kitaab-ulAathar - compiled from a total of 70,000 Ahaadeeth, Aalim-walmuta allim, Fiqhe Akbar, Jaamiul Masaneed, Kitaabul Rad alal
Qaadiriyah etc. etc.
IMAAM ABU HANIFAHS CHARACTERISTICS:
Impartiality: Imaam Abu Hanifah (R. A.) has never accepted a
favour from anyone and so was never indebted to anyone.
a).

On seeing Imaam Abu Hanifah (R.


A.) a passer by avoided him and took a different path. When Imaam
Abu Hanifah (R.A.) questioned as to why he did so, he replied that
he was ashamed of himself as he was Imaam Abu Hanifahs debtor
of 10 000 Dirhams. The mans humbleness over took Imaam Abu
Hanifah (R.A.) and so he forgave the repayment of the debt.
b). Humanitarian ways& generosity:

c). Kind heartedness:

Once, whilst sitting in a Masjid Imaam Sahib


learnt of someone who had fallen from a roof. Immediately, Imaam
Sahib departed from the gathering, barefooted, and ran to the place
of accident. Until the injured recovered, Imaam Sahib paid daily
visits to nurse him.
Disposition : Imaam Sahib would never speak unless it was
necessary to do so. Someone mentioned before Sufyan Thawri (R.A.)
that he had never heard Imaam Sahib back biting. Sufyan (R.A.)
replied, "Abu Hanifah (R.A.) is not such a fool that he will destroy his
own good deeds."
d).

e). Abstinence & God Fearing Ways:

i). Sharik has stated, "I have never once observed Imaam Abu
Hanifah reposing within the nights hours."

ii). Abu Nuaym states, "Even before observing salaah Imaam


Hanifah (R. A.) would weep and supplicate before Allah."
iii). There is no such Surah within the Quran which I have not
recited during Nafl prayers." - Abu Hanifah (R. A.)
iv). Kharija lbn Musab has stated that 4 religious leaders have
completed the recitation of the entire Quran in one rakaah of salaah
alone. Uthmaan Ibn Affaan (RA.), Tameen Daari (RA.), Saeed Ibn
Jubair (R. A.) and Imaam Abu Hanifah (R. A.).
v). There was once acknowledgment of a stolen sheep. Imaam Abu
Hanifah inquired and researched as to how long a sheep lives. After
finding out, he never ate sheep for 7 years, fearing that the meat
may be from the stolen sheep.
vi). For 40 consecutive years Imaam Sahib observed a nocturnal
practice of performing Fajr salaah with the ablution of Esha.
NO. 0F QURANS COMPLETED IN RAMADHAAN : 60
NO. OF PILGRIMAGES OBSERVED IN LIFETIME : 55
TRIALS & TRIBULATIONS:
Trial No.1: During the reign of Ibn Hubaira Imaam Abu Hanifah
( R.A.) rejected his request of the post of Chief Justice. (As Imaam
Sahib did not want to collaborate with the corrupt).
Consequence of Rejection : Tormented by passing through the
city mounted upon a horse, whereby he was whipped 10 times a day
for eleven consecutive days.
Trial No.2: During the reign of Abu Jaafar Mansoor again the above
request was pledged, yet again rejected.
Consequence of Rejection No.2: Imprisoned and violently
beaten.
Prolongation of Trial: Khalifa Abu Jafar Mansoor again urged that
Imaam Sahib should reconsider. Finally, Imaam Sahib swore by Allah

that he would not accept.


Consequence: Imaam Sahib was lashed, shirtless 30 times,
drawing blood that seeped to his heels. He was again imprisoned,
with restricted rations for 15 days, after which he was forcefully
made to drink a poison that led to his martyrdom.
STATE OF DEATH:In the state of prostration.
AGE & DATE OF DEATH: 70 years of age : 150 A.H. in the month
of Rajab. (others have stated Shabaan and Shawwaal also).
BURIAL: Six Janaazah salaah were conducted in order to cater for
more than
http://www.inter-islam.org/Biographies/4imam.htm

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