Vehicle Fuel Theft System

Abstract

We aim to detect & control the vehicle fuel theft using Micro controller PROJECT DESCRIPTION: Nowadays vehicle fuel theft is increasing due to the increase of fuel price. In order to avoid the vehicle fuel theft, we have designed a project to serve the situation. In our project five sensors are placed inside & surrounding the petrol tank. If the vehicle is in running condition the petrol flow is very slow, so the sensor not considers it. But if we theft the petrol, the petrol flow is very fast. If the petrol flow is very fast then the sensor senses that and sends the message to the Micro controller. So by the basic program of the Micro controller the alarm is turned ON. This is the main concept of our project.

Wind Energy Vehicle

Abstract

This project is developed for the users to use a vehicle using wind energy. A wind mill generates electric power from wind energy. The electric power is stored in a battery. The car gets energy from the battery. PARTS DESCRIPTION Wind mill Battery Robotic car Rotating blades Gear and wheel setup Coil and permanent magnet WORKING PRINCIPLE The vanes in the turbine are rotated with constant speed. The gear setup can be adjusted to control the rotation speed. A magnet is connected with the gear. The magnet will be rotated along with the vanes.

The coil is fixed around the magnet. According to Faraday's law, "As long as there is a change in magnetic flux linked with the coil, an emf is induced." So, In each and every rotation, electricity is generated. The energy from the windmill is stored in a battery. The car gets energy from the battery.
ADVANTAGES

This project is cost effective and portable. Since this uses no fuel, it is very economic.

Automatic Vehicle Smoke Analyser

Abstract

This project is developed for the users to store the smoke and other status of vehicles in the black box. It mainly consists of a smoke sensor and microcontroller unit. The smoke sensor is connected with the silencer of the vehicle. It senses the amount of smoke and sends signal to the microcontroller. Frequently the values are stored in the microcontroller. When the vehicle is supposed to FC, the monitoring device will be connected with the black box. The monitoring device consists of a PC. The PC is connected with the Black box via USART. The software in the PC reads the data stored in the black box. If the data stored is normal, the vehicle will be allowed for FC. Thus it is very easy to check the status of the vehicle while inspecting it. Since microcontroller is used, the operations are very sensitive. This can be easily implemented in vehicles

Sterling Engine

Abstract

A Sterling engine is a heat engine that operates by cyclic compression and expansion of air or other gas, the working fluid , at different temperature levels such that there is a net conversion of heat energy to mechanical work . The engine is like a steam engine in that all heat transfer takes place through the engine wall. This is traditionally known as an external combustion engine in contrast to an internal combustion engine where the heat input is by combustion of a fuel within the body of the working fluid. Unlike the steam engine's use of water in both its liquid and gaseous phases as the working fluid, the Sterling engine encloses a fixed quantity of permanently gaseous fluid such as air or helium . As in all heat engines, the general cycle consists of compressing cool gas, heating the gas, expanding the hot gas, and finally cooling the gas before repeating the cycle Working Principle There are two major types of Sterling engines that are distinguished by the way they move the air between the hot and cold sides of the cylinder: The two piston alpha type design has pistons in independent cylinders, and gas is driven between the hot and cold spaces. The displacement type Sterling engines, known as beta and gamma types, use an insulated mechanical displacer to push the working gas between the hot and cold sides of the cylinder. The displacer is large enough to insulate the hot and cold sides of the cylinder thermally and to displace a large quantity of gas. It must have enough of a gap between the displacer and the cylinder wall to allow gas to flow around the displacer easily. Alpha Sterling An alpha Sterling contains two power pistons in separate cylinders, one hot and one cold. The hot cylinder is situated inside the high temperature heat exchanger and the cold cylinder is situated inside the low temperature heat exchanger. This type of engine has a high power-tovolume ratio but has technical problems due to the usually high temperature of the hot piston and the durability of its seals. In practice, this piston usually carries a large insulating head to move the seals away from the hot zone at the expense of some additional dead space.
Action of an alpha type Sterling engine

The following diagrams do not show internal heat exchangers in the compression and expansion spaces, which are needed to produce power. A regenerator would be placed in the pipe connecting the two cylinders. The crankshaft has also been omitted

Salt Water into Pure Water

Abstract

Nowadays, water is becoming a big problem allover the world. The demand for the drinking water is keeps on increasing. This is a project to convert the salt water into drinking water. By using this type of project, we can reduce the demand for the drinking water. In future by improving this project, we can convert the seawater into drinking water. The principle we are using in our project is that the salt water which is heated above its boiling point will converted in to steam and the salt content in the water will be deposited in the bottom of the container. The evaporated water is connected in another container through the steam valve and the water out valve removes the wastewater. In the second container, the steam will travel in the valve, which is cooled by a cooler. Thus the water vapor from the valve gets cool and again converts into water. This water vapor converted into water does not contain the salt content and it can use also for drinking. This the nature friendly project that can be used in every house to convert the salt water into pure water

Emission Controller in Automobiles Using Black Box

Abstract

Emission Controller in Automobiles Using Black Box project is developed for the users to store and analyze the status of "Co" emitted by vehicles. It mainly consists of a "Co" sensor and microcontroller unit. The "Co" sensor is connected with the silencer of the vehicle. It senses the amount of "Co" and sends signal to the microcontroller. Frequently the values are stored in the microcontroller. When the vehicle is supposed to FC, the monitoring device will be connected with the black box. The monitoring device consists of a PC. The PC is connected with the Black box via USART. The software in the PC reads the data stored in the black box. If the data stored is normal, the vehicle will be allowed for FC. Thus it is very easy to check the status of the vehicle while inspecting it. Since microcontroller is used, the operations are very sensitive. This can be easily implemented in vehicles ADVANTAGES

The status of the "Co" is stored continuously. In the time of FC, the data can be restored which helps to find out the amount of "Co" dissipated

All Terrain Vehicle Versatile Mobile Platform

Abstract

Autonomous mobile robots have become a key technology for unmanned planetary missions. To cope with the rough terrain encountered on most of the planets of interest, new locomotion concepts for rovers have to be developed and investigated. The most advanced locomotion concepts are based on wheels or caterpillars (e.g. Sojourner (NASA) or Nanokhod (ESA)). These rovers have clear advantages regarding power efficiency and complexity if compared with walking robots. However, they still have quite limited climbing abilities. Typically they can only overcome obstacle of their wheel size. In the following project, we present an innovative rover concept with 4 oblong track wheels. In the normal running configuration, the rover has 2 oblong wheels each in the front and the rear. The steering of the rover is realized by synchronizing the speed difference of the front and rear wheels. This allows for high precision maneuvers and even turning on the spot with minimum slip. Each of its wheels comprise of 2 pulleys run over by a timing belt similar to that in a tank.

This insures maximum stability and climbing abilities even for very low friction coefficients between the wheel and the ground. A well functioning prototype has been designed and manufactured in our lab. It shows excellent performance surpassing our expectations. This rover is able to passively overcome unstructured obstacles of up to two times its wheel length and can climb stairs with steps of over 60 cm.With very good stability, this rover is able to passively overcome steps of twice its flipper length, to climb stairs or to move in very rough terrain. Thus this rover is the perfect candidate for long range planetary missions as well as for operations in environment that are both structured and unstructured like for space construction robotics. Terrestrial applications are also numerous: indoor and outdoor surveillance, ventilating shaft cleaning, mining and construction machines, agriculture, post earthquake assistance or even mine clearance if good sensors appear. In a next step, the robot will be equipped with adequate sensors for fully autonomous operations.

Design and Fabrication of Domestic Refrigeration Unit

Abstract

The object of the project is to design, fabricate and assemble an economically priced '' domestic refrigeration unit'' having, aesthetic look efficient and small in size. This unit is unique in the sense that it body is in the form of a bucket which works as an evaporator and easy in transport from one place to another place. This unit can be utilized in a heavy duty manufacturing shop consist 25 to 35 workers as a sources cold water and to store eatables things. The basic idea behind refrigeration is to slow down the activity of bacteria (which all food contains) so that it takes longer for the bacteria to spoil the food. There are five basic parts of our refrigeration unit Compressor Heat- exchanging pipes - serpentine or coiled set of pipes outside the unit. Expansion valve Heat- exchanging pipes - serpentine or coiled set of pipes inside the unit Refrigerant pipes - liquid that evaporates inside the refrigerator to create the cold temperatures Domestic refrigeration is rather limited in scope, being concerned primarily with household refrigerators and home freezers. However, because the number of units in services is quite large,

domestic refrigeration represents a signification portion of the refrigeration industry. Domestic units are usually small in size, having horse power ratings of between 1/20 and hp, and of the hermetically sealed type. The domestic refrigerator, in our case, is a small, compact unit, which works on the principle of vapour compression system. It has been designed as per economical considerations for a middleclass family. This unit is unique in the sense that its body is in the form of a bucket (plastic) which works as an evaporator. For fabricating the unit, initially a plastic bucket of conical cross-section with 90 liters capacity was purchased. The diameter of the upper portion of bucket is 45 cm while that of lower surface is 37 cm since the material of the bucket, therefore certain material was necessary to conduct heat for cooling purpose inside the bucket. Therefore, a sheet-metal internal container (evaporator) of conical cross-section was designed.

LPG-Refrigerator
Abstract

This work investigates the result of an experimental study carried out to determine the performance of domestic refrigerator when a propane-butane mixture is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) which is locally available and comprises 24.4% propane, 56.4% butane and 17.2% isobutene which is very from company to company. The LPG is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with no ozone depletion potential (ODP). It is used in world for cooking purposes. The various methods of refrigeration on the basis of standard refrigerant discussed. He refrigerator used in the present study is of medium size with a gross capacity of 125 litre and is designed to work on LPG. The performance parameters investigated is the refrigeration effect in certain time. The refrigerator worked efficiently when LPG was used as refrigerant instead of CFC 12. The evaporator temperature reached -5 C with and an ambient temperature of 12 C. Also from the experiment which done in atmospheric condition, we can predict the optimum value of cooling effect with the suitable operating condition of regulating valve and capillary tube of the system. The results of the present work indicate the successful use of this propane-butane mixture as an alternative refrigerant to CFC 12 in domestic refrigerant. CFC's are principally destroyed by ultraviolet radiations in the stratosphere; the chlorine released in the high stratosphere catalyzes the decomposition of ozone to oxygen; and ultraviolet radiations penetrates to lower altitudes. Credible calculations of the magnitude of the effect (Hoffman 1987) and his team predicted 3% global ozone emissions of 700 thousand tonnes/year after a hundred years. The ozone impact of car air conditioners also can not be ignored. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFC's) can be thought of as a replacement, but unfortunately the radiation properties of HFC's like R-134a make them powerful global warming agents. HFC 134a and the

HC blend have been reported to be substitutes for CFC 12, but they have their own drawbacks in energy efficiency, flammability and serviceability aspects of the systems. HFC 134a is not miscible with mineral oil, and hence, polyol ester oil is recommended, which is highly hygroscopic in nature. This hygroscopicity demands stringent service practices, which otherwise results in moisture entry into the system. Thus, hydrocarbon refrigerants; particularly LPG serves as the best contender to replace CFC's from domestic refrigerator as well as car air conditioners. The LPG refrigerator shown in figure. We make the one box of the plywood. The plywood sheet size is 12mm for used the LPG refrigerator. The size of the refrigerator is 724*457*381 mm3. The evaporator is fitted on the upper portion of box inside. Inside the refrigerator, we also put the thermo-coal sheet, because of the cold air can not the transfer from inside to outside of refrigerator.

Fig 3.1 :- Construction of the LPG refrigerator The schematically diagram of the LPG refrigeration system is shown in next page. The gas tank is connect by pipes to the capillary tube. The capillary tube is fitted with evaporator. The evaporator coiled end is connect to the stove by another gas circulation pipe. When two pressure gauge is put between capillary tube and gas tank, and another is put the end of the evaporator.