You are on page 1of 36

16 2012

20
!!





Rosalind Franklin

16
2012

...
( . )



(. . )

(. . )

(. . )

(. . )

( . )

(. . )

(. . )
I.
(. . )

(. . )

( . )

( . )

( . )

( . )

( . )
.
( . )


(. . )
:
,
.
,
.
/ ,
. .
,
. .
,
. .
,
.
,
Tech. Univ. Dortmund
-,
.
,
. .
- ,
. . .
T ,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.
,
.

20 . ,


.
. ,
,
, , , ,
, .
!

:
http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr
Email : phenomenon@physics.auth.gr

1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 5
5. workshop & 7
6. 8
7. :
12
8. 20
16
9. 22
10. 23
11. 25
12. DNA : Rosalind Franklin 29
13. 30
14. E - 31

, . 1.
, . 22

,

...



6 2012

. ,
.
, ,
, .
01:10 .. ( ).
6,5
, . 06:03 ..
, .
07:10 07:45
,
10

, ,
.



,
.

.

,

, 7



.

( , ) .
.
,
243 ,
117 .

(96.4%)
, 500 . -

1: ,
07:23 .., (
)
. (: , 10
.)

(

), (
).

.

4 16 2012

2: 07:41 ..,

6,5
105,5 .





11 .


(
),

, .
. , 19 (583.92 ),
,
(-


), 8 (8/6/2004)
105
11 2117
;
, 65


66 , 2117,

.
, 2004. , ,
3.39 -


,

,
.
,
,
8

100 . 11 2117 8 2125. !!
: ,

...



.
. 110,
111 112,
(Darmstadtium Ds), (Roentgenium Rg) (Copernicium Cn) .

.

(IUPAP)
.


Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543),
( )

.
1996

.


Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (18451923), .


1994
GSI Helmholtz .
Darmstadt
GSI Helmholtz
1994 -

-62.
.
. ,

.

[1] Elisabeth Weise: Three new elements named, ScienceFair, 04-11-2011


(http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2011/11/three-new-elements-named-/1)
[2] Hamish Johnston: Three new elements get official backing, PhysicsWorld.com, 04-11-2011
(http://physicsworld.com/blog/2011/11/three_new_elements_get_officia.html)

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr



. ( )
,
.
,
. ,
.
2011 ( )

(Beaufort Sea) ,
.
( 925 millibar
1000 ) 6-8 C,
, (Laptev Sea)

(East Siberian Sea)
3-5 C . , (Kara
Sea) 2-5 C
.
,



,

1: 11
2011. MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), Terra NASA.
(http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=51396)

2: 9
2011 2 1979.
AMSR-E (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer), Aqua NASA.
(http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=53108)

, ( 1).
9

2011,
4.3310 6 km,

4 16 2012

1979 ( - 1978 ).

4.6110 6 km, 2.4310 6
km -

1979-2000 ( 2).
2011
30 ,


,
12%
( 3). Joey
Comiso,
NASA Goddard
Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,
Md:
.
, ,
.

( )

, . ,
,
. , .
,

, .
,
( )
,
(albedo), (0.7-0.9
0.55-0.75
).

3:
13 2011

. 2011 , 2010 , 2008 2007
(.: ).
1979-2000, . (http://nsidc.org/arcticseaicenews/2011/09/)

,
. , (
ice - albedo feedback) .
,


2100,

.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


- ( 82% 2.8510 6 km3 ).
, 7.2 ,
,
,
.

27
workshop
, , ,
,


, , , .
(organic electronics)
,

15
2015 65 2022.
.


- , , ,
,
..


:
, , , , .

Workshop :


20 () , .

.
7

40
.

.



(LTFN) .
-
.
H
RoleMak (Reinforce Organic Electronics Research Potential in Makedonia)

,

, .
(RoleMak)

4 16 2012


2,74 .


, , .
,
Rolemak

:

700.000

, , ...
, (

)
.
-
2014 -

. , .
,
,

.



. :




, .


,
2007-13
2014

.

Dr L
Janssen 2020 .

-

Workshop:



NANOTEXNOLOGY
2012 .
.
.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr

2nd JEWEL Workshop on Modern Circuits


and Systems Technologies

-
-
.

16 .... 2 (Workshop) Jordan Europe Wide Enhanced Links in ICT, JEWEL,


. JEWEL Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid , ICT (Information and Communication Technology) . Modern Circuits and Systems
Technologies. . ( , ...) . Abdoul Rjoub ( , Jordan University of Science and Technology). /
,
. . - , Imperial College Computing with FPGAs. 100 , .

1
(): . .-.
(Imperial College London)
(): H . . Malkawi
(Jadara University, Jordan)

16 18 .... 2 (PACET 2012).


/ ....
,
, . /
1:
.. .

(. ) . (. ).
430.
14 , .
. . ,
Corallia, . . , .. ( ) . . , .
2:
Netscope Solutions A.E. ROHDE & SCHWARZ Hellas S.A.

. . .

(CASS) (Student Branch)
...
(). , . , ,
.
3 , .
(http://www.pacet.gr/)

4 16 2012

.

Technical University Dortmund, Germany

.
1.
,
.

,
,

.
2.



.
.

,
.



(S. Hawking & L. Mlodinow [1]).


. , , ,


(Lloyd p.19 [2]).

.

, ,
. , , .
, .
( , . ).
.


,
:
1.

. ,
,

.
2. ,


,



.

,
,

.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr



().


, ..
1.

.
2.
Maxwell

.


. ,
.
,
.
.
60 (. ) .
, , , ,
,
.


. ,
,
24
. -

() ,
, ()
, DNA.
;
17 . , .
-
, ( 1). , .
, .
. ( 2 ), . 1950-1967
, 100.
Gell an weig,
, ,

quarks:
up quark (u), 2/3e,
down quark (d), -1/3e
-e .
..
P= (uud)
N= (udd)

,
.
quarks
, ,
. 1967-68

1. .

quarks .
quarks
.
,
Stanford
. - .

, quarks. quarks
. Stanford (SLAC)
, quarks

.
Stanford , ,
, .
(momentum)

James Bjorken (scaling)
.
,
1968, o Richard Feynman
. , Bjorken,
. Tsai ,
. Feynman
. . -

2. (2a)
(2b).

4 16 2012

, scaling Bjorken
. Bjorken Feynman [3].
quarks , Feynman quarks
(partons) .
. Quanta .

Bjorken quarks
. , 3,
.

. [4], 4,
, .

Quark-Parton Model.
quarks
.
quarks
quarks
.
:
up-quarks,
2/3e down-quark, -1/3e. , , quarks-antiquarks. quarks
, , gluons (QCD).

.
W, Z,
Higgs,. -
LHC, Tevatron .. (Drell
- Yan Model [5]).

10

3.

.

4. -

.
.
. .
.
.


.
, . . . -

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


() . vector : .
scalar vector tensor



.

, ,

. .
.
( inertial, )
(GMm/r2 ) (m d2x/dt2 ) =
= [(GM/r2)-a] m = 0
a = d2x/dt2 .

(GM/r2)-a = 0.

. .

.

,
,
(
), .
,
,

.

.

Higgs.
, quarks, Higgs

5. ATLAS CERN (Ref: http://www.atlas.


ch/news/).
.
Higgs 125 GeV

. ,

- .
Higgs , Higgs, .

(virtual) .


.



CERN. , Higgs . Fermi Laboratory (Chicago) CERN (Geneva)

Higgs. ,
. -

4 16 2012

5
ATLAS [6] Higgs ZZ 4 .
CMS.
.

1. S. Hawking and L. Mlodinow,


the Great Design, Bantam Press,
London, 2010.

.
2. G.E. R. Lloyd,
,
2005
3. R. P. Feynman, Phys. Rev. Letters
23 (1969) 25
4. E. A. Paschos and J.D. Bjorken,
Phys. Rev. 185 (1969) 1975
5. S. D. Drell and T. M. Yan, Phys.
Rev. Letters 25 (1970) 1415
6. Atlas collaboration,
arXiv:1202.1415

11



,
, .
.
. .
.



.
,
.
, ,
.
,

, . .
, .
, . ,
, . .

. -

12

.
(~625 545 ..),
.

.
,
( ) ,
,

.
,
, .
. , .
.
: .
, ,
, .
,
. . ~(625 545) ..,
. ,
.

.

,

. :

.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


,
. ,
, ..
(~1600 ..), .
.
,
,
, .
. ,
. , , .
,
. ,

.

, .
, .
.


:
. ,

,
,

.

(simulation).


. !
, :
,

( ) ,
.


, .
.

(
).


.


,
,

. .
.

, ..
.
,

.
, , .


.
,
,
.
.

, ..
.
.
. ..
N / V .
. .


. -


.
,


, ,
. ,
,
. ,
.


.
, .

:

z =ax

4 16 2012


.

,

zi = f ( xi ) ,

(
).
, ,

():
S = pi log pi .
i


.


, ,
.
,
.
( ).


.
. (
)
.



.
. , ,
. : ()
,
() .

,
, .
. -

13

,
.
,
(.. ).
!

, , .
. .
.
,
,
.
,
,
.
!.



. .
,
,
. .
, ,
. ,

.

14



. , , .
(/).
/,
, . .


, .
/ ,
/
. ,

,

/
. ,
.

, ,
. , , .

.
,
, -
, /.
. !. ,
,
,
. -

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


/ ,
.
, ,

.
, ,
, .




.
/.
,
.

,
.
.

,
,
, . . ( :
;
, .).
, .

.

, .
, . ,
.
, .


,
!.
,
.
,
.


~(490-430) ...
,
.
.

:
(http://www.math.uoa.gr/web/activ/
magaz/teyxos3/thema7.html). , ,
.

,
.

.

. .

, , . , (
!), .
,
,
.
.

.
(1620-1710) Leibniz (1646-1716),

. , .
Hilbert

,
Hilbert
.
Hilbert (1862-1943),

.
. , .
.

1 2. 2 3, ...
1,
. , .
Hilbert
.


. , .
(
).


. , .
, . ,
, .
,
, .

,
. :

, .

, ..
, -

4 16 2012


.

.
, .
,
, .

,
- (K. G. Wilson
1971, Nobel 1982).


.

.
, .
. ,
~(460-360) ...

.
, . .

, ,
.
,
, .
,
,

. .
,
.

15

20
.
.

20 .
1992.
, . , ,

.

, , . . . .
,
,
, 20 , .
.
, 6
(6th International Congress on Intergranular
and Interphase Boundaries in Materials iib92). To -

16

,
, -. .
( 2013 iib

. ,
).
4
.
1992. 1994 1996 ( . ). .. , , ,
. .
, . 1996-1997 .
. .
,
. . 2006-07 ( . , . , . ), , , 1998
.
2008 ( . ), . , ,

. 2011
. .
. ,
. , . , .
, . , . , . , . . , . 2011-12.
, ,

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


,
.
4 1992 . ,
() ,
(http://
phenomenon.physics.auth.gr).
-


.
, ,
. . , . , . .
.



.

.
,
.

.

4 16 2012

17


. *
. . -

internet ,
, Windows 3.1x,
, Acrobat pdf


.
, , ,

, - , .
, ,
,

,

.
: , ;


. ,
,
. ,
, .

Publisher ( ) . : ...
,
. -

18


masters
(
).
!
,
!.
,
, , .


:
. , .
,
.


, .

,
,
;
editorial .
, ,
, ,
,


,
- .

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr

-
, .



.




.

,
: , , .
.

,
, , ,
,
, .
* O I
. , M
University
of East Anglia (U.E.A.) - Norwich (UK),

Keele University (UK). .

, ,
,
.
(http://www3.aegean.gr/
environment/botetzagias/site/start.html)

(20 ),
,
.

2007 ,
. 1996
,

.
( ), ,
.
,
8 16
32, , 1000
.
-
( )
.

.
, . (
)

, ,


( ),
. ,
, ,
. ,

, , , , . -



, , , , , . , .


, . ;
.
. ;

,

,
, ;
,
paper-. paper-,
;
. - ,
,
. .
.
.
: .
. , 2007.
,
-
. Gauss
,
Dirac. 2000-2002 .
- 2007
.

4 16 2012

. .
.

. ,
, .

:
, :
.....

,
. , . , .
,
.
. ,
. .
,
.
. . ,

.

,
.


. , -

19

.
,
, , .

, (;) . ; ,
.
1971 2007,
, 36
.
. ;
; . ,

,
,
.
,
.


. ,
.
,
,


,
;

,
, .
( )
.
.

. :
*

.
* ,
.

20

2007
. .
,

,
. ,
, .
( 2 ) . ,
, , .
2007.
. ( ), .
, . , . , .
. .
2008, 80 ,

.
, 31, 29 .
, , , . . .
, . . .

.
.
, , , ... ,
Copyright
Creative Commons Public License.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


. , 2008


.
.
(32 4 -),

Copy City . ,
.
4

2008 ( 1000
),



,

80 .

2011 14
( ),

.


(
2011), .


.

4 16 2012

21


23.03.2012
23-3-2012

.

.

. .
.
.
, . . . ,
,
.
.

M.Sc.

Aberdeen, .
, .



(http://www.med.auth.gr/depts/
medphys/Molyvda_CV.htm).

22

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


,
, 23 2012
-
.

,
. ,
. ,
,

, ,
.
,
, ,
. .

.
. , ;
;
, ,
,
.
;
,
;

(, ).

. ;
,
- .
: .

.

,

,
.
:
- .


. ,
,

.
-
.

, .. (kVp,
mAs) ,

.
-

4 16 2012



.
- , , ,
,

.
,
.

.

:
.
.
- - ,

23

, , ,
.


.
. .
, , .
. 2,5 3

- .
,

-
.
;
, .
,

.
, , .

,
(-camera) .
, , ,
.

,
.
,
.
, ;

30 . .
.
,
.
, , .
, .

24

.
, , .
. . ,

:
!
35

18 .
,
,
. :
, .
.
,
. ,
. .
. . : . .
, !

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr



: .
...
7 31
. . . , ,
(CERN) FERMI (FERMILAB) ...
( - ).
(FERMILAB, CERN) (Northwestern Univ., Bologna Univ., Liverpool Univ.) . 1997 (
, ) CERN

(KM3NeT). ,

, - .
.
, ,
, . - , ,
- . ,
.
,
, . , /
, .
,
. - -

,
.

, , , .
IceCube, (1 km3)
, . ,
,
, . (KM3NeT),
- .
,
KM3NeT, - . ,
. ,
.

4 16 2012

25


:
University of Montpellier, France
4 31 . .
. . CNRS LUPM
Montpellier .
CERN. CERN

CP Violation, ( Babar,
SLAC/USA). HESS,
Namibia CTA (Cherenkov Telescope
Array) Gamma Ray Observatory.


.



Cherenkov.


20

.
, , HESS, 4
Namibia . -


( , GRBs, SNR).


.

(CTA)

.

:

:

25 31 . . . (19691978) University of Illinois University of Michigan. (1980-1985),
1985 .


(High performance computing and GRID computing)
10 . T

26

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


. 200
,
200 . 1
.

.
(ESA).

.


, ,

,

. ,

.

,
.

, ..
, .
-

,
,
.
. , .. , ,
,
.


, ,
, .


.

H 21 :
,
: ,
.
30
31


. . . .


(1985)
.. (1994).

.

(
(FU-Berlin, 1994),
(NCAR)
Boulder (1995),
Reading (1999),

(IMAOU)
(1999 . 2001)).
2004
, ( )
2010.

, ,

,

,
.


()
,

.

.
.

,

,
1980.
, .

4 16 2012

27



, , , ,
. ,
.

,
.
, 21 -
,

.

: Open Night
Open Night
.
-

(, , ..)


, .
26 . .
: : , ; (:

.

,
,
.
,


,
,


. ,
! ;)

28

(: Wikipedia)
28 2012

. .
:


(: ,
,
.
, , . ,

. ,

,

.)
(: http://heasarc.nasa.gov)

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr

DNA


.
,
Rosalind Franklin.


,
Watson, Crick Wilkins, , DNA. 25 1920, Notting Hill . , ,
. 15 ,

, ,
.
, . Newnham College
Cambridge.
Kingston College
, Birkberg
Laboratoire Central des Services
Chimiques de letat .


. , Watson, Crick Wilkins
I ( ) Watson
, . , ,

.

- , DNA
.
:
Newnham
. Kingston College Wilkins.
, , . , ,
Gosling

. : Gosling
2 DNA.
DNA ,
, . DNA
B DNA A, .
Wilkins,
. Wilkins,
DNA DNA B,
DNA A. -


DNA ,
. ,
.
.

Watson Crick, , ,
Acta Crystallographica.
; O Wilkins ,
, Watson

4 16 2012

Crick. , Cavendish
Cambridge,
Rosy DNA: 1)

() (), (G)
(C) (
). : 2) DNA

( ) 3) . Watson Crick
1953 DNA

-
Wilkins 1962 N I. .
-

- 37 .
N . ,
. :
-
, .

, , .
:

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosalind_Franklin
- http://www.tovima.gr/science/
article/?aid=149593
- (The Double Helix), J. D. Watson
James D., . Y. ,
. I. . ,
- The Rosalind Franklin question, R. P Crease,
Physics World, March 2003, . 17.
- Unravelling the strands of a life in DNA, J.
Glusker, Physics World, December 2002, .
42.

29



.

.
.
;
1
,

.
,
(

) .




.

:


( )
,

(
) .

.
, ,
,
.
. ,
,
. ,
,
.

. ,
. ,


.
.
. .
, , ,
,
. ,
,
.
.

30

. ,
,

(
). ,
.





.


.


dV
, .
,
,
:
B = A mice g = water g dV,
, , g
. :
mice = water dV dV = mice/water

(1)

water .
: = m/V.
. :
mice + mwater =

(2)


-, Vs,

.
Vs = Vwater + dV = Vwater + mice/water (
1)
= Vwater + (mice/ mwater) Vwater = Vwater [1 +(mice/ mwater)]
, mice
( 2), :
Vs = Vwater {1 +[(-mwater)/mwater]} = Vwater /mwater = water
.
Vs =
.

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr

Nanotexnology 2012

, .

,
, , .
, NANOTEXNOLOGY 2011
600
2.000 , ,
, &
. :
2 N
NNOLOGY
2012Expo (2-6 ),
5
ISFOE-12 (2-5 ),
9
NN12 (3-6 )
6 & ,
ISSON12 (30 -7 ).
ISFOE12, NN12 ISSON12 2004
& .. , , , .
: www.nanotexnology.com



,

.
Hellexpo, .
6 : -

(: OrganicElectronics
& Nanomedicine) (ISSON12) :
,
, .

-

4 16 2012


Nanotexnology 2012 .
6

31

.
, , FlexNet,

. .
.




,

.
H

, .
-

ECTS (European Credit Transfer System).

,

,

.


.
.

35 ,


.




.
,
,

.
,

, , .
, ,
, , , .. .

32

http://phenomenon.physics.auth.gr


(EDS-2012)

24-29 Extended Defects in


Semiconductors EDS 2012 ( ).
DS-2012 ..., .
, EDS 1978
Hnfeld , 15
, , , , . EDS
, , .
EDS 2010 University of Sussex
... EDS 2012
.

,
/
.


.
DS 2012


,


.


.



. :
, ,
, ,
,
.


&

You might also like