XP Tricks

How to Remove Windows XP's Messenger
Theoretically, you can get rid of it (as well as a few other things). Windows 2000 power users should already be
familiar with this tweak.
Fire up the Windows Explorer and navigate your way to the %SYSTEMROOT% \ INF folder. What the heck is that
thingy with the percentage signs? It's a variable. For most people, %SYSTEMROOT% is C:\Windows. For others,
it may be E:\WinXP. Get it? Okay, on with the hack! In the INF folder, open sysoc.inf (but not before making a
BACKUP copy first). Before your eyes glaze over, look for the line containing "msmsgs" in it. Near the end of that
particular line, you'll notice that the word "hide" is not so hidden. Go ahead and delete "hide" (so that the
flanking commas are left sitting next to one another). Save the file and close it. Now, open the Add and Remove
Programs applet in the Control Panel. Click the Add / Remove Windows Components icon. You should see
"Windows Messenger" in that list. Remove the checkmark from its box, and you should be set. NOTE: there are
other hidden system components in that sysoc.inf file, too. Remove "hide" and the subsequent programs at your
own risk.
Set the Search Screen to the Classic Look
When I first saw the default search pane in Windows XP, my instinct was to return it to its classic look; that puppy
had to go. Of course, I later discovered that a doggie door is built into the applet. Click "Change preferences"
then "Without an animated screen character." If you'd rather give it a bare-bones "Windows 2000" look and feel,
fire up your Registry editor and navigate to:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer \ CabinetState.
You may need to create a new string value labeled "Use Search Asst" and set it to "no".
New Sound Blaster Drivers
With the loads of problems reported by users with Soundblaster cards on Windows XP Creative has stepped up
and offered drivers for at least some models of their Sound Blaster cards, but check your particular model
closely. I have downloaded the SB128 drivers and my sound problems have been resolved..! So they do work.
http://www.creative.com/support/winxp/
Upgrading to Windows XP
You can upgrade a computer that runs Windows 98, 98SE, or Me to Windows XP Home Edition. Those same
versions, along with Windows NT Workstation 4.0 and Windows 2000 Professional, can be upgraded to Windows
XP Professional.
(1).To ensure a smooth upgrade and avoid networking problems, follow these tips before starting the upgrade:
(2)Install all network cards. XP will detect them and automatically install the right drivers.
(3)Have your Internet connection available. The XP setup process will connect to a Microsoft server to download
the latest setup files, including changes that have been made since XP was released.
Some programs are incompatible with XP and can cause networking problems. Un-install these programs. After
the upgrade is complete and the network is working, re-install XP-compatible versions of these programs:
Internet Connection Sharing, NAT, Proxy Server Anti-Virus Firewall.
How to make your Desktop Icons Transparent
Go to ontrol Panel > System, > Advanced > Performance area > Settings button Visual Effects tab "Use drop
shadows for icon labels on the Desktop"
Speed up your browsing of Windows 2000 & XP machines
Here's a great tip to speed up your browsing of Windows XP machines. Its actually a fix to a bug installed as
default in Windows 2000 that scans shared files for Scheduled Tasks. And it turns out that you can experience a
delay as long as 30 seconds when you try to view shared files across a network because Windows 2000 is using
the extra time to search the remote computer for any Scheduled Tasks. Note that though the fix is originally
intended for only those affected, Windows 2000 users will experience that the actual browsing speed of both the
Internet & Windows Explorers improve significantly after applying it since it doesn't search for Scheduled Tasks
anymore. Here's how :
Open up the Registry and go to :
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/Microsoft/Windows/Current Version/Explorer/RemoteComputer/NameSpace
Under that branch, select the key :
{D6277990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF}
and delete it.
This is key that instructs Windows to search for Scheduled Tasks. If you like you may want to export the exact
branch so that you can restore the key if necessary.
This fix is so effective that it doesn't require a reboot and you can almost immediately determine yourself how
much it speeds up your browsing processes.
Set up and Use Internet Connection Sharing

With Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) in Windows XP, you can connect one computer to the Internet, then
share the Internet service with several computers on your home or small office network. The Network Setup
Wizard in Windows XP Professional will automatically provide all of the network settings you need to share one
Internet connection with all the computers in your network. Each computer can use programs such as Internet
Explorer and Outlook Express as if they were directly connected to the Internet.
You should not use this feature in an existing network with Windows 2000 Server domain controllers, DNS
servers, gateways, DHCP servers, or systems configured for static IP addresses.
Enabling ICS
The ICS host computer needs two network connections. The local area network connection, automatically created
by installing a network adapter, connects to the computers on your home or small office network. The other
connection, using a 56k modem, ISDN, DSL, or cable modem, connects the home or small office network to the
Internet. You need to ensure that ICS is enabled on the connection that has the Internet connection. By doing
this, the shared connection can connect your home or small office network to the Internet, and users outside
your network are not at risk of receiving inappropriate addresses from your network.
When you enable ICS, the local area network connection to the home or small office network is given a new static
IP address and configuration. Consequently, TCP/IP connections established between any home or small office
computer and the ICS host computer at the time of enabling ICS are lost and need to be reestablished. For
example, if Internet Explorer is connecting to a Web site when Internet Connection Sharing is enabled, refresh
the browser to reestablish the connection. You must configure client machines on your home or small office
network so TCP/IP on the local area connection obtains an IP address automatically. Home or small office network
users must also configure Internet options for Internet Connection Sharing. To enable Internet Connection
Sharing (ICS) Discovery and Control on Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium
Edition computers, run the Network Setup Wizard from the CD or floppy disk on these computers. For ICS
Discovery and Control to work on Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium Edition
computers, Internet Explorer version 5.0 or later must be installed.
To enable Internet Connection Sharing on a network connection
You must be logged on to your computer with an owner account in order to complete this procedure.
Open Network Connections. (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double–click Network Connections.)
Click the dial–up, local area network, PPPoE, or VPN connection you want to share, and then, under Network
Tasks, click Change settings of this connection.
On the Advanced tab, select the Allow other network users to connect through this computer's Internet
connection check box.
If you want this connection to dial automatically when another computer on your home or small office network
attempts to access external resources, select the Establish a dial–up connection whenever a computer on my
network attempts to access the Internet check box.
If you want other network users to enable or disable the shared Internet connection, select the Allow other
network users to control or disable the shared Internet connection check box.
Under Internet Connection Sharing, in Home networking connection, select any adapter that connects the
computer sharing its Internet connection to the other computers on your network. The Home networking
connection is only present when two or more network adapters are installed on the computer.
To configure Internet options on your client computers for Internet Connection Sharing
Open Internet Explorer. Click Start, point to All Programs, and then click Internet Explorer.)
On the Tools menu, click Internet Options.
On the Connections tab, click Never dial a connection, and then click LAN Settings.
In Automatic configuration, clear the Automatically detect settings and Use automatic configuration script check
boxes.
In Proxy Server, clear the Use a proxy server check box.
Set Processes Priority

Follow this tip to increase the priority of active processes, this will result in prioritisation of processes using the
CPU.
CTRL-SHIFT-ESC
1.Go to the second tab called Processes, right click on one of the active processes, you will see the Set Priority
option
2.For example, your Run your CDwriter program , set the priority higher, and guess what, no crashed CD’s
Set Permissions for Shared Files and Folders
Sharing of files and folders can be managed in two ways. If you chose simplified file sharing, your folders can be
shared with everyone on your network or workgroup, or you can make your folders private. (This is how folders
are shared in Windows 2000.) However, in Windows XP Professional, you can also set folder permissions for
specific users or groups. To do this, you must first change the default setting, which is simple file sharing. To
change this setting, follow these steps:
•Open Control Panel, click Tools, and then click Folder Options.
•Click the View tab, and scroll to the bottom of the Advanced Settings list.
•Clear the Use simple file sharing (Recommended) check box.
•To manage folder permissions, browse to the folder in Windows Explorer, right–click the folder, and then click
Properties. Click the Security tab, and assign permissions, such as Full Control, Modify, Read, and/or Write, to
specific users.
You can set file and folder permissions only on drives formatted to use NTFS, and you must be the owner or have
been granted permission to do so by the owner.
Search For Hidden Or System Files In Windows XP
The Search companion in Windows XP searches for hidden and system files differently than in earlier versions of
Windows. This guide describes how to search for hidden or system files in Windows XP.
Search for Hidden or System Files By default, the Search companion does not search for hidden or system files.
Because of this, you may be unable to find files, even though they exist on the drive.
To search for hidden or system files in Windows XP:

Click Start, click Search, click All files and folders, and then click More advanced options.
Click to select the Search system folders and Search hidden files and folders check boxes.
NOTE: You do not need to configure your computer to show hidden files in the Folder Options dialog box in
Windows Explorer to find files with either the hidden or system attributes, but you need to configure your
computer not to hide protected operating system files to find files with both the hidden and system attributes.
Search Companion shares the Hide protected operating system files option (which hides files with both the
system and hidden attributes) with the Folder Options dialog box Windows Explorer.
Restricting Logon Access
If you work in a multiuser computing environment, and you have full (administrator level) access to your
computer, you might want to restrict unauthorized access to your "sensitive" files under Windows 95/98.
One way is to disable the Cancel button in the Logon dialog box.
Just run Regedit and go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Network/Logon
Create the "Logon" subkey if it is not present on your machine: highlight the Network key -> right-click in the left
hand Regedit pane -> select New -> Key -> name it "Logon" (no quotes) -> press Enter. Then add/modify a
DWORD value and call it "MustBeValidated" (don't type the quotes). Double-click it, check the Decimal box and
type 1 for value.
Now click the Start button -> Shut Down (Log off UserName) -> Log on as a different user, and you'll notice that
the Logon Cancel button has been disabled.
Remove the Recycle Bin from the Desktop
If you don't use the Recycle Bin to store deleted files , you can get rid of its desktop icon all together.
Run Regedit and go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows/CurrentVersion/explorer/Desktop/NameSpace
Click on the "Recycle Bin" string in the right hand pane. Hit Del, click OK.
How to Rename the Recycle Bin
To change the name of the Recycle Bin desktop icon, open Regedit and go to:
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT/CLSID/{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E}
and change the name "Recycle Bin" to whatever you want (don't type any quotes).
Provide Remote Assistance When Using a NAT Device
You can provide Remote Assistance to a friend who uses a Network Address Translation (NAT) device by
modifying the Remote Assistance invitation using XML. Network Address Translation is used to allow multiple
computers to share the same outbound Internet connection. To open a Remote Assistance session with a friend
who uses a NAT device:
1. Ask your friend to send you a Remote Assistance invitation by e–mail.

2. Save the invitation file to your desktop.
3. Right–click the file, and then click Open With Notepad. You'll see that the file is a simple XML file.
4.Under the RCTICKET attribute is a private IP address, such as 192.168.1.100.
5. Over–write this IP address with your friend's public IP address. Your friend must send you his or her public IP
address: they can find out what it is by going to a Web site that will return the public IP address, such as
http://www.dslreports.com/ip.
6. Save the file, and then double–click it to open the Remote Assistance session.
Now, you'll be able to connect and provide them with the help they need. So that your inbound IP connection is
routed to the correct computer, the NAT must be configured to route that inbound traffic. To do so, make sure
your friend forwards port 3389 to the computer they want help from.
Ports That Are Used by Windows Product Activation
Windows Product Activation uses the following ports:
80 - HTTP
443 - HTTPS
Make your Folders Private
•Open My Computer
•Double-click the drive where Windows is installed (usually drive (C:), unless you have more than one drive on
your computer).
•If the contents of the drive are hidden, under System Tasks, click Show the contents of this drive.
•Double-click the Documents and Settings folder.
•Double-click your user folder.
•Right-click any folder in your user profile, and then click Properties.
•On the Sharing tab, select the Make this folder private so that only I have access to it check box.
Note
•To open My Computer, click Start, and then click My Computer.

•This option is only available for folders included in your user profile. Folders in your user profile include My
Documents and its subfolders, Desktop, Start Menu, Cookies, and Favorites. If you do not make these folders
private, they are available to everyone who uses your computer.
•When you make a folder private, all of its subfolders are private as well. For example, when you make My
Documents private, you also make My Music and My Pictures private. When you share a folder, you also share all
of its subfolders unless you make them private.
•You cannot make your folders private if your drive is not formatted as NTFS For information about converting
your drive to NTFS
IP address of your connection

Go to start/run type 'cmd'
then type 'ipconfig'
Add the '/all' switch for more info.
How to use Windows Update Properly
If you want to save your files to your hard drive, so after a format you dont have to download them all again,
here's How:
- Logon to Windows Update
- Choose Windows Update Catalogue (left hand pane)
- Choose Find updates for Microsoft Windows operating systems (right hand pane)
- Choose your version and language then Search
- Choose one the following:
- Critical Updates and Service Packs

- Service Packs and Recommended Downloads
- Multi-Language Features (0)
- Once chosen simply click on what you want to download and then back at the top click Review Download Basket
- You are taken to the next page where at the top you can specify where the downloads are to be saved.
- Click Download now. Each patch will make a directory under the root of the folder you saved them to.
Once finished you need to go to where you saved the file (s) to and then simply install all your patches.
How to remove the Default Picture and Fax Preview Action
Go To Start > Run and type `Regedit` and press `ok`
Navigate to: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Classes/CLSID/{e84fda7c-1d6a-45f6-b725-

cb260c236066}/shellex
Deleted the MayChangeDefaultMenu key.
How to Convert FAT to NTFS file system

To convert a FAT partition to NTFS, perform the following steps.
Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt.
In Windows XP, click Start, click Run, type cmd and then click OK.
At the command prompt, type CONVERT [driveletter]: /FS:NTFS.
Convert.exe will attempt to convert the partition to NTFS.
NOTE: Although the chance of corruption or data loss during the conversion from FAT to NTFS is minimal, it is
best to perform a full backup of the data on the drive that it is to be converted prior to executing the convert
command. It is also recommended to verify the integrity of the backup before proceeding, as well as to run
RDISK and update the emergency repair disk (ERD).
AVI File Fix in Windows XP
If you have any AVI files that you saved in Windows 9x, which have interference when opened in Windows XP,
there is an easy fix to get rid of the interference: Open Windows Movie Maker. Click View and then click Options.
Click in the box to remove the check mark beside Automatically create clips. Now, import the movie file that has
interference and drag it onto the timeline. Then save the movie, and during the re-rendering, the interference will
be removed.
Mustek 600 CP scanner or other software unable to install on XP
If you have a piece of software that refuses to install because it says that you are not running Windows 2000
(such as the Win2K drivers for a Mustek scanner!!) you can simply edit
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Microsoft/Windows NT/CurrentVersion/ProductName
to say Microsoft Windows 2000 instead of XP and it will install. You may also have to edit the version number or
build number, depending on how hard the program tries to verify that you are installing on the correct OS. I had
to do this for my Mustek 600 CP scanner (compatibility mode didn't help!!!) and it worked great, so I now have
my scanner working with XP (and a tech at Mustek can now eat his words). BTW, don't forget to restore any
changes you make after you get your software installed.
How do I enable advanced security settings like found in Windows 2000

Open windows explorer then click on Tools->Folder Options
Click on the View Tab.
Scroll to the bottom and deselect (uncheck) the option that reads 'use simple file sharing'
This will allow you to see the security tab when viewing the properties of a file/folder.
Hide 'User Accounts' from users
Go to Start/Run, and type:
GPEDIT.MSC
Open the path
User Config > Admin Templates > Control Panel
doubleclick "Hide specified Control Panel applets"
put a dot in 'enabled', then click 'Show"
click Add button,
type "nusrmgt.cpl" into the add box
Force users to press Ctrl-Alt-Delete to Logon
(XPPro only)
Go to start/run,
and type control userpasswords2
Fix your Slow XP and 98 Network
You can run "wmiprvse.exe" as a process for quick shared network access to Win98/ME machines. Stick it in
Startup or make it a service.
"On the PC running XP, log in as you normally would, go to users, manage network passwords.
Here is where the problem lies. In this dialog box remove any win98 passwords or computer-assigned names for
the win98 PCs. In my case , I had two computer-assigned win98 pc names in this box (example G4k8e6). I
deleted these names (you may have passwords instead). Then go to My Network Places and -- there you go! --
no more delay!
Now, after I did this and went to My Network Places to browse the first Win98 PC, I was presented with a
password/logon box that looked like this: logon: G4k8e6/guest (lightly grayed out) and a place to enter a
password. I entered the password that I had previously used to share drives on the Win98 PCs long before I
installed XP. I have the guest account enabled in XP.
This solves the problem for Win98 & XP machines on a LAN; I can't guarantee it will work for Win2K/ME machines
as well, but the whole secret lies in the passwords. If this doesn't solve your slow WinXP>Win98 access problems,
then you probably have other things wrong. Don't forget to uncheck 'simple file sharing,' turn off your ICS
firewall, enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP and install proper protocols, services & permissions."
How to Convert a FAT Partition to NTFS
In Windows XP, click Start, and then click Run.
Copy Files and Folders to CD
To copy files and folders to a CD
•Insert a blank, writable CD into the CD recorder.
•Open My Computer.
•Click the files or folders you want to copy to the CD. To select more than one file, hold down the CTRL key while
you click the files you want. Then, under File and Folder Tasks, click Copy this file, Copy this folder, or Copy the
selected items.
•If the files are located in My Pictures, under Picture Tasks, click Copy to CD or Copy all items to CD, and then
skip to step 5.
•In the Copy Items dialog box, click the CD recording drive, and then click Copy.
•In My Computer, double–click the CD recording drive. Windows displays a temporary area where the files are
held before they are copied to the CD. Verify that the files and folders that you intend to copy to the CD appear
under Files Ready to be Written to the CD.
•Under CD Writing Tasks, click Write these files to CD. Windows displays the CD Writing Wizard. Follow the
instructions in the wizard.
Notes:
•Do not copy more files to the CD than it will hold. Standard CDs hold up to 650 megabytes (MB). High–capacity
CDs hold up to 850 MB.
•Be sure that you have enough disk space on your hard disk to store the temporary files that are created during
the CD writing process. For a standard CD, Windows reserves up to 700 MB of the available free space. For a
high–capacity CD, Windows reserves up to 1 gigabyte (GB) of the available free space.
•After you copy files or folders to the CD, it is useful to view the CD to confirm that the files are copied. For more
information, click Related Topics.
To stop the CD recorder from automatically ejecting the CD
•Right–click the CD recording drive, and then click Properties.
•On the Recording tab, clear the Automatically eject the CD after writing check box.
Create a Password Reset Disk
If you’re running Windows XP Professional as a local user in a workgroup environment, you can create a
password reset disk to log onto your computer when you forget your password. To create the disk:
1.Click Start, click Control Panel, and then click User Accounts.
2.Click your account name.
3.Under Related Tasks, click Prevent a forgotten password.
4.Follow the directions in the Forgotten Password Wizard to create a password reset disk.
5.Store the disk in a secure location, because anyone using it can access your local user account.
Disable CD Autorun
1) Click Start, Run and enter GPEDIT.MSC
2) Go to Computer Configuration, Administrative Templates, System.
3) Locate the entry for Turn autoplay off and modify it as you desire.
20 things you didn't know about Windows XP
You've read the reviews and digested the key feature enhancements and operational changes. Now it's time to
delve a bit deeper and uncover some of Windows XP's secrets.
1. It boasts how long it can stay up. Whereas previous versions of Windows were coy about how long they went
between boots, XP is positively proud of its stamina. Go to the Command Prompt in the Accessories menu from
the All Programs start button option, and then type 'systeminfo'. The computer will produce a lot of useful info,
including the uptime. If you want to keep these, type 'systeminfo > info.txt'. This creates a file called info.txt you
can look at later with Notepad. (Professional Edition only).
2. You can delete files immediately, without having them move to the Recycle Bin first. Go to the Start menu,
select Run... and type 'gpedit.msc'; then select User Configuration, Administrative Templates, Windows
Components, Windows Explorer and find the Do not move deleted files to the Recycle Bin setting. Set it. Poking
around in gpedit will reveal a great many interface and system options, but take care -- some may stop your
computer behaving as you wish. (Professional Edition only).
3. You can lock your XP workstation with two clicks of the mouse. Create a new shortcut on your desktop using a
right mouse click, and enter 'rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation' in the location field. Give the shortcut a
name you like. That's it -- just double click on it and your computer will be locked. And if that's not easy enough,
Windows key + L will do the same.
4. XP hides some system software you might want to remove, such as Windows Messenger, but you can tickle it
and make it disgorge everything. Using Notepad or Edit, edit the text file /windows/inf/sysoc.inf, search for the
word 'hide' and remove it. You can then go to the Add or Remove Programs in the Control Panel, select
Add/Remove Windows Components and there will be your prey, exposed and vulnerable.
5. For those skilled in the art of DOS batch files, XP has a number of interesting new commands. These include
'eventcreate' and 'eventtriggers' for creating and watching system events, 'typeperf' for monitoring performance
of various subsystems, and 'schtasks' for handling scheduled tasks. As usual, typing the command name followed
by /? will give a list of options -- they're all far too baroque to go into here.
6. XP has IP version 6 support -- the next generation of IP. Unfortunately this is more than your ISP has, so you
can only experiment with this on your LAN. Type 'ipv6 install' into Run... (it's OK, it won't ruin your existing
network setup) and then 'ipv6 /?' at the command line to find out more. If you don't know what IPv6 is, don't
worry and don't bother.
7. You can at last get rid of tasks on the computer from the command line by using 'taskkill /pid' and the task
number, or just 'tskill' and the process number. Find that out by typing 'tasklist', which will also tell you a lot
about what's going on in your system.
8. XP will treat Zip files like folders, which is nice if you've got a fast machine. On slower machines, you can make
XP leave zip files well alone by typing 'regsvr32 /u zipfldr.dll' at the command line. If you change your mind later,
you can put things back as they were by typing 'regsvr32 zipfldr.dll'.
9. XP has ClearType -- Microsoft's anti-aliasing font display technology -- but doesn't have it enabled by default.
It's well worth trying, especially if you were there for DOS and all those years of staring at a screen have given
you the eyes of an astigmatic bat. To enable ClearType, right click on the desktop, select Properties, Appearance,
Effects, select ClearType from the second drop-down menu and enable the selection. Expect best results on
laptop displays. If you want to use ClearType on the Welcome login screen as well, set the registry entry
HKEY_USERS/.DEFAULT/Control Panel/Desktop/FontSmoothingType to 2.
10. You can use Remote Assistance to help a friend who's using network address translation (NAT) on a home
network, but not automatically. Get your pal to email you a Remote Assistance invitation and edit the file. Under
the RCTICKET attribute will be a NAT IP address, like 192.168.1.10. Replace this with your chum's real IP address
-- they can find this out by going to www.whatismyip.com -- and get them to make sure that they've got port
3389 open on their firewall and forwarded to the errant computer.
11. You can run a program as a different user without logging out and back in again. Right click the icon, select
Run As... and enter the user name and password you want to use. This only applies for that run. The trick is
particularly useful if you need to have administrative permissions to install a program, which many require. Note
that you can have some fun by running programs multiple times on the same system as different users, but this
can have unforeseen effects.
12. Windows XP can be very insistent about you checking for auto updates, registering a Passport, using Windows
Messenger and so on. After a while, the nagging goes away, but if you feel you might slip the bonds of sanity
before that point, run Regedit, go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/Microsoft/Windows/Current
Version/Explorer/Advanced and create a DWORD value called EnableBalloonTips with a value of 0.
13. You can start up without needing to enter a user name or password. Select Run... from the start menu and
type 'control userpasswords2', which will open the user accounts application. On the Users tab, clear the box for
Users Must Enter A User Name And Password To Use This Computer, and click on OK. An Automatically Log On
dialog box will appear; enter the user name and password for the account you want to use.
14. Internet Explorer 6 will automatically delete temporary files, but only if you tell it to. Start the browser, select
Tools / Internet Options... and Advanced, go down to the Security area and check the box to Empty Temporary
Internet Files folder when browser is closed.
15. XP comes with a free Network Activity Light, just in case you can't see the LEDs twinkle on your network
card. Right click on My Network Places on the desktop, then select Properties. Right click on the description for
your LAN or dial-up connection, select Properties, then check the Show icon in notification area when connected
box. You'll now see a tiny network icon on the right of your task bar that glimmers nicely during network traffic.
16. The Start Menu can be leisurely when it decides to appear, but you can speed things along by changing the
registry entry HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Control Panel/Desktop/MenuShowDelay from the default 400 to something
a little snappier. Like 0.
17. You can rename loads of files at once in Windows Explorer. Highlight a set of files in a window, then right click
on one and rename it. All the other files will be renamed to that name, with individual numbers in brackets to
distinguish them. Also, in a folder you can arrange icons in alphabetised groups by View, Arrange Icon By... Show
In Groups.
18. Windows Media Player will display the cover art for albums as it plays the tracks -- if it found the picture on
the Internet when you copied the tracks from the CD. If it didn't, or if you have lots of pre-WMP music files, you
can put your own copy of the cover art in the same directory as the tracks. Just call it folder.jpg and Windows
Media Player will pick it up and display it.
19. Windows key + Break brings up the System Properties dialogue box; Windows key + D brings up the
desktop; Windows key + Tab moves through the taskbar buttons.
20. The next release of Windows XP, codenamed Longhorn, is due out late next year or early 2003 and won't be
much to write home about. The next big release is codenamed Blackcomb and will be out in 2003/2004.
Adding Programs To Stay On The Start Menu
Right click on any .exe file in Explorer, My Computer, Desktop and select 'Pin to Start Menu', the program is then
displayed on the start menu, above the separator line. To remove it, click the file on the start menu and select
'Unpin from Start Menu'. Below you can check the before and after shots.
Boot Defragment
A very important new feature in Microsoft Windows XP is the ability to do a boot defragment. This basically
means that all boot files are placed next to each other on the disk drive to allow for faster booting. By default this
option is enabled but some upgrade users have reported that it isn't on their setup.
1. Start Regedit.
2. Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Dfrg\BootOptimizeFunction
3. Select Enable from the list on the right.
4. Right on it and select Modify.
5. Change the value to Y to enable and N to disable.
6. Reboot your computer.
For a Safer, faster XP Close Unwanted Services
To disable unneeded startup services for a safer, faster XP, use the "Services" Admin Tool
(Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Services). If you are a single user of a non-
networked machine, you can disable the following items, with no ill effect.
Alerter
Clipbook
Computer Browser
Fast User Switching
Human Interface Access Devices
Indexing Service (Slows the hard drive down)
Messenger
Net Logon (unnecessary unless networked on a Domain)
Netmeeting Remote Desktop Sharing (disabled for extra security)
Remote Desktop Help Session Manager (disabled for extra security)
Remote Procedure Call Locator
Remote Registry (disabled for extra security)
Routing & Remote Access (disabled for extra security)
Server
SSDP Discovery Service (this is for the utterly pointless "Universal P'n'P", & leaves TCP
Port 5000 wide open)
TCP/IP NetBIOS Helper
Telnet (disabled for extra security)
Universal Plug and Play Device Host
Upload Manager
Windows Time
Wireless Zero Configuration (for wireless networks)
Workstation
Getting an Older Program to Run on Windows XP
1.Right–click the executable or the program shortcut to the executable, and then click Properties.
2.Select the Run this program in compatibility mode check box.
3.From the list, select an operating system that the program runs in comfortably.
If necessary, also change the display settings and/or resolution, or disable the Windows XP visual themes.
Run the program again when you’re finished changing the settings. Adjust the compatibility settings again if the
program is still not running smoothly: a program that’s unhappy on Windows 2000 may flourish on Windows 98.
hanging The Internet Time Update Synchronisation
To change the interval that Windows updates the time using the internet time servers via regedit,
navigate to:
1. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services \W32Time\TimeProviders\NtpClient
2. Select "SpecialPollInterval"
3. Change decimal value from 604800 to a different value in seconds. i.e.: 172800 (2 Days) or 86400
(1 Day) and so on.
We don't recommend changing this unless you are on a broadband connection.
Slow Shutdown
Some people have noticed that they are experiencing a really slow shutdown after installing Windows XP Home or
Professional. Although this can be caused a number of ways, the most clear cut one so far is happening on
systems with an NVidia card installed with the latest set of drivers. A service called NVIDIA Driver Helper Service
is loading up on start up and for whatever reason doesn't shut itself down properly. The service isn't needed and
can also increase the amount of memory available to your system. Here is how to disable it.
1: Go into your Control Panel

2: Select Administrative Tools and then click on Services
3: Right click on the file "NVIDIA Driver Helper Service" and then select STOP.
4: To stop this loading up every time you boot up your PC Right click it again and select properties - then where
the option "Startup Type" is shown - make sure it is set at Manual like we have shown in the image below.
Using Remote Desktop

You must first enable the Remote Desktop feature on your office computer so that you can control it remotely
from another computer. You must be logged on as an administrator or a member of the Administrators group to
enable Remote Desktop on your Windows XP Professional-based computer.
To setup your office computer to use Remote Desktop:
• Open the System folder in Control Panel. Click Start, point to Settings, click Control Panel, and then
double-click the System icon.
• On the Remote tab, select the Allow users to connect remotely to this computer check box, as shown
below.
• Ensure that you have the proper permissions to connect to your computer remotely, and click OK.
• Leave your computer running and connected to the company network with Internet access. Lock your
computer, and leave your office.
The Remote Desktop Connection client software allows a computer running Windows 95, Windows 98,
Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows Me, Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 2000 to control your Windows
XP Professional computer remotely. The client software is available on the installation CD for Windows
XP Professional and Windows XP Home Edition. The client software is installed by default on computers
running Windows XP Professional and Windows XP Home Edition.
To install Remote Desktop Connection software on a client computer
• Insert the Windows XP compact disc into your CD-ROM drive.

• When the Welcome page appears, click Perform additional tasks, and then click Setup Remote Desktop
Connection as shown below.
• When the installation wizard starts, follow the directions that appear on your screen.
Once you have enabled your Windows XP Professional computer to allow remote connections, and
installed client software on a Windows-based client computer, you are ready to start a Remote Desktop
session.
To create a new Remote Desktop Connection
• Open Remote Desktop Connection. (Click Start, point to Programs or All Programs, point to Accessories,
point to Communications, and then click Remote Desktop Connection.)
• In Computer, type the computer name for your computer running Windows XP Professional that has
Remote Desktop enabled and for which you have Remote Desktop permissions
• Click Connect.
• The Log On to Windows dialog box appears.
• In the Log On to Windows dialog box, type your user name, password, and domain (if required), and
then click OK. The Remote Desktop window will open and you will see the desktop settings, files, and
programs that are on your office computer. Your office computer will remain locked.
• Nobody will be able to work at your office computer without a password, nor will anyone see the work
you are doing on your office computer remotely. Note: To change your connection settings, (such as
screen size, automatic logon information, and performance options), click Options before you connect.
To open a saved connection
• In Windows Explorer, open the My DocumentsRemote Desktops folder.

• Click the .Rdp file for the connection you want to open. Note: A Remote Desktop file (.rdp) file contains
all of the information for a connection to a remote computer, including the Options settings that were
configured when the file was saved. You can customize any number of .rdp files, including files for
connecting to the same computer with different settings. For example, you can save a file that connects
to MyComputer in full screen mode and another file that connects to the same computer in 800×600
screen size. By default, .rdp files are saved in the My DocumentsRemote Desktops folder. To edit an .rdp
file and change the connections settings it contains, right-click the file and then click Edit.
To log off and end the session
• In the Remote Desktop Connection window, click Start, and then click Shut Down.
• The Shut Down Windows dialog box appears.
• In the drop-down menu, select Log Off , and then click OK.
User Accounts and Fast User Switching
Introduction
Windows XP represents Microsoft's big push to get the largely Windows 9X-based user community to an operating
system family based on the Windows NT-kernel. In Windows XP, new client services not only blend the ease of
use of familiar Windows 9X profiles with the robustness of Windows NT (and Windows 2000) user management,
but significantly improve on the combination. While the majority of these advancements will be appreciated most
by home users, enterprise customers that share assets-for instance, with shift workers and telecommuters or
with users who access e-mail from multiple machines while roaming-will also see improvements.
Many computers are shared between multiple users, particularly in the home environment where studies have
shown that 80% of computers are used routinely by multiple people. In previous versions of Windows NT, user
account management-which could be strictly enforced across the enterprise by administrators-was a somewhat
tricky process that was beyond the abilities of most non-computing professionals. Simple-to-use Windows 9X
profiles, however, were not enabled by default and were largely ignored: The cost of actually using the profiles,
which required that users log off before allowing other users to access the system, meant that the vast majority
of machines made do with a single shared profile, with all of the corresponding security, configuration, and data-
loss risks.
In Windows XP, user profiles are always enabled and even non-enterprise users are encouraged to create
accounts during the Setup process. These accounts are based on Windows NT profiles and allow Windows XP to
provide strong isolation and protection of users' data and settings. If multiple user accounts are configured on a
machine, then users are presented with a Welcome screen that appears featuring separate-and customizable-
graphics for each user. Users of Windows XP machines that are members of an NT-style domain do not see this
screen, since presenting a list of machine users could be considered a security violation. A new control panel
applet replaces the familiar Windows NT User Manager and Windows 2000 Computers and Users snap-in,
providing a simple interface that allows almost anyone to set up a new user and give them appropriate rights and
privileges.
Fast User Switching
Windows XP introduces fast user switching. Undoubtedly, fast user switching is the single most important feature
that makes sharing Windows-based computers workable. Using fast user switching, it is not necessary for a user
to log off the computer before allowing a second user to access their own account. Instead, the first user's
account is "disconnected," which leaves all the programs running; the second user can then log on, and then the
users can switch quickly between logged-on accounts. Many accounts can be open simultaneously on one
computer, though only one account at a time will be able to interact with the keyboard, screen, and input devices.
In the home environment, for instance, fast user switching allows a parent working on a personal finance
program to yield the computer to a child to work on homework by browsing the Internet, without requiring the
parent to shut down and restart the finance program and without exposing the child to the parent's financial
information. In the business environment, fast user switching can allow multiple users in a common environment,
such as a research lab, to share a single machine.
Fast user switching is just one of two mechanisms that allow multiple users to work with a single system. Remote
desktop, another built-in Windows XP feature, allows users to interact with machines remotely across a network
and to access data and applications on those remote machines. While fast user switching is aimed principally at
the home market, remote desktop enables business users to access their corporate desktops from remote
computers-and vice versa, enabling them to operate home machines while at work.
Programming Issues
Both fast user switching and remote desktop use Windows XP's updated terminal services technology.
Improvements have been made to both the server and client components of terminal services. Windows XP now
features support for both local and remote sound, 24-bit video, performance optimizations, and the mapping of
the local drives and printers.
Fortunately, most applications don't have to be rewritten to work with terminal services and, thus, fast user
switching and remote desktop. Rather, they need to respect basic user settings management guidelines. These
guidelines are not new: Most are covered in the Windows 2000 Certified for Windows Application Specification,
which has been available on Microsoft's Web site for some time. The Data and Settings Management section of
this specification includes several topics that are particularly important when supporting multiple users on a
single machine:
· Default to the My Documents folder for storage of user-created data;

· Classify and store application data correctly;
· Degrade gracefully on "Access denied" messages.
Mostly, this means isolating data and settings for each user. And an important step in this direction is to ensure
that you are using the HKEY_CURRENT_USER registry key rather than HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE for storing
settings in the system registry. You should also be careful to install programs correctly and to classify and store
data correctly. You can use the ShGetFolderPath API to obtain the path of a specific named folder-such as "My
Documents" or even "Program Files"-as well as the appropriate directories for storing Roaming, Non-Roaming,
and Shared application data. The following are some general guidelines for locating data:
· Profiles\username\Application Data\appname
- Roaming, auto-created user files (e-mail DB, custom dictionaries…)
· Profiles\username\Application Data\Local Settings\appname
- Discardable/local-only user data files (e.g., offline stores)
· Profiles\All Users\Application Data\appname
- Last-resort for local-only, common dynamic data (e.g., log files)
A notable exception to the isolation rule is that you should support "All Users" installations: It is extremely
frustrating for users to install the same application repeatedly for multiple user accounts.
By carefully locating user data, user settings, and computer settings, applications can make it easier for users to
backup individual documents and settings, share a computer among multiple users, and even to work with the
same documents and settings on multiple computers. By handling data and settings properly, you can enable
your application to run in both the home (fast user switching) and business enterprise (remote desktop)
marketplaces.
Controlling Running Instances
It is common for applications to control their startup so that only a single instance may be running on a machine
at any given time. There are many valid reasons for doing this: licensing restrictions, required dedicated access
to specific hardware resources, and perhaps even enforcing data integrity. However, with multiple users on the
same machine, it might be desirable to allow multiple users-each with their own instance-to work with (for
example) a personal finance program as long as their data remains isolated. At this point, the commonly used
mechanisms for controlling running instances may exhibit some unwanted side effects when operating under
Windows XP's fast user switching or remote desktop.
The most common method for discovering whether another instance is running is to use the FindWindow or
FindWindowEx APIs to search for a window that, if your application is running, you know to be open. Somewhat
unexpectedly, both of these APIs work in a single user session only. So using this method won't prevent another
instance of your application from being started by another user.
A more robust method for controlling multiple instances is to use one of the NT kernel objects: events,
semaphores, mutexes, waitable timers, file-mapping objects, and job objects can all be used with Global\ or
Local\ prefixes on Windows 2000 and Windows XP. By default, each user (terminal service) session will have its
own namespace for kernel objects. By creating a Global\ object-for instance, a mutex or semaphore-when your
application is started (and closing it upon exit), your application can detect running instances across multiple user
(terminal service) sessions. Of course, you can't just switch to the previous instance: It may be in another
session! What typically happens in that case is the user clicks on an icon and then nothing appears to happen
(since the app thinks it's located another running instance). At a minimum, you should warn the user that there's
another instance running.
What about sound? Well, the terminal services in Windows XP have been designed to configure sound to both the
interactive and disconnected sessions. While it may be difficult to imagine at first, there may be valid scenarios
where it would desirable to output multiple audio streams. For instance, what if you used a sound card in one
user session to output audio to the home stereo system and at the same time the active user wanted to hold an
interactive meeting with sound? In this case, you certainly would not want to blend the two streams. And neither
would you want to suspend the audio stream in the disconnected session. Getting this right can be particularly
important when working with shared media devices like DVD players.
One general guideline is to do "as little as possible, as much as necessary" when you are the disconnected
session. To do this, it can be helpful to know when a session switch occurs. While most applications won't need to
be notified, if your application accesses a shared resource-such as a serial port or other hardware device-you may
want to know when the machine switches between user sessions. To be notified when a session switch occurs,
you must register to receive the WM_WTSSESSION_CHANGE message by calling the
WTSRegisterConsoleNotification API. Using this function, you can choose to be notified for a single session or for
all sessions, and when either local or remote sessions connect or disconnect. When you no longer require
notification, you should unregister using the WTSUnRegisterConsoleNotification API.
Summary
If you isolate access to your application's data and settings and take care not to tie up shared resources, your
application should work well with Windows XP's terminal services. By developing your application to assume it's
not the only thing running on the machine, your users are likely to have a much better experience when they
start using it with Windows XP's new fast user switching and remote desktop features.
Rename a Series of Files
When you download photos from your digital camera, they often have unrecognizable names. You can rename
several similar files at once with the following procedure. This also works for renaming other types of files.
1.Open the My Pictures folder. (Click Start, and then click My Pictures.) Or open another folder containing files
that you want to rename.
2.Select the files you want to rename. If the files you want are not adjacent in the file list, press and hold CTRL,
and then click each item to select it.
3.On the File menu, click Rename.
4.Type the new name, and then press ENTER.
All of the files in the series will be named in sequence using the new name you type. For example, if you type
Birthday, the first will be named Birthday and subsequent files in the series will be named Birthday (1), Birthday
(2), and so on. To specify the starting number for the series, type the starting number in parentheses after the
new file name. The files in the series will be numbered in sequence starting with the number you type. For
example, if you type Birthday (10), the other files will be named Birthday (11), Birthday (12), and so on.
Licensing Issues
Here you can find a Description of the things which are done by the Program or you can manually change the
following settings to have the same effect:
• - MediaPlayer: Don't Acquire licenses automatically - Open the MediaPlayer-Extras - Options... Click the
tab 'Player', look at the groupbox 'Internetsettings' and uncheck 'Acquire licenses automatically'.
• - MediaPlayer: No identification by internetsites - Open the MediaPlayer-Extras-Options... Click the tab
‘Player’, look at the groupbox 'Internet settings' and uncheck 'Allow identification by internet sites'
• - MediaPlayer: don't download codecs automatically - Open the MediaPlayer-Extras-Options... Click the
tab 'Player', look at the groupbox 'Automatic Updates' and uncheck 'Download Codecs Automatically'
• - Error report: Don't report errors - Open the Explorer, right-click on 'My Computer' and select
'Properties', click on the Tab 'Advanced' and click the button 'Errorreports', in the upcoming dialog
uncheck all 3 items and select 'Disable Errorreports'
To change drive letters
To change drive letters (useful if you have two drives and have partitioned the boot drive, but the secondary drive
shows up as "D")
Go to Start > Control Panel > Administrative Tools > Computer Management, Disk Management, then right-click
the partition whose name you want to change (click in the white area just below the word "Volume") and select
"change drive letter and paths."
From here you can add, remove or change drive letters and paths to the partition.
My Computer Won't Shut Down Itself After Installing XP
There are a number of users who are noticing that their PC will no longer automatically power down/shut off
without pressing the power off button on the computers unlike in Windows Me/95/2000. There could be a number
of reasons for this - but the main one seems to be that ACPI is not enabled on the computer or in Windows XP.
Here is how to try that out:
1. Click - Start - Control Panel - Performance and Maintenance - Power Options Tab
2. Then click APM - Enable Advanced Power Management Support
Never Re-Activate After Installation
If you have to reinstall Windows XP you normally will have to reactivate too. Well not anymore. Just copy wpa.dbl
after you activated the first time. It is located in the WINDOWS\system32 folder. Now if you reinstall Windows XP
just copy the file back and you're up and running again.
On Screen Keyboard
Want to use an on screen keyboard? Well it is this simple - Click on the start button and select run. Then type in
osk in the box and click OK.
How To Enable Hibernation
Under Windows 98, Me, or 2000 there was an option in the shutdown dialog box to enter the computer into
hibernation (where all the content of the RAM is copied to the hard disk). The shutdown dialog box of Windows XP
doesn't offer any longer the hibernation button. Some users may get confused about how to enable the
hibernation mode. If this mode is supported by your motherboard (ACPI) you have to do the following:
1. Click Start and Shut Down,

2. Point the standby button and maintain the shift key pushed,
3. A new hibernation button appears: click it while still holding the shift key: voila your PC will
hibernate.
How to Write a Windows XP Driver
Source: Microsoft Corporation July 2001
Summary: This document describes the steps you should take to create a Microsoft® Windows® XP driver for
your device. To create a Windows XP device driver:
• Install the current Windows DDK. Read the system requirements and installation instructions in the
stand-alone Getting Started HTML file supplied with the DDK.
• Read Getting Started with Windows Drivers. This document guides you through the planning and
decision-making process involved in making a Windows device driver from design through distribution.
You should also look through the DDK documentation for device-type-specific information.
The DDK documentation set has the following device-type-specific nodes:
• Battery Devices
• Display and Print Devices
• IEEE 1284.4 Devices
• Interactive Input Devices
• Modem Devices
• Multifunction Devices
• Network Devices and Protocols
• Parallel Ports and Devices
• Serial Ports and Devices
• Smart Card Devices
• Still Image Devices
• Storage Devices
• Streaming Devices (Video and Audio)
• Devices Requiring VDDs
• IDE bus are described in System Support for Buses. Driver development for most device types also
requires a strong understanding of Windows operating system fundamentals, which are described in
Kernel-Mode Driver Architecture.
• Look through the driver source code provided with the DDK for a sample that represents your device
type. Use the sample code where possible, modifying it for your device's specifics.
• The sample code can enhance your understanding of Windows XP driver implementation requirements
and speed your development time.
• Compile and build your driver. This should be done using the Build utility and not some other compiler,
because the Build utility has certain features that are necessary for driver development.
• Obtain a checked build of Windows XP, so that you can test and debug your driver using free and
checked system builds.
• The checked build of Windows XP provides extensive kernel-mode debugging capabilities not available in
the free build.
• Create an INF file so that you can install and test your driver.
• Test and debug your driver. You should use Driver Verifier, a program that puts your driver through a
variety of tests, stresses, and deliberate failures in order to test its response and reliability in many
extreme situations. You should also use a debugger. Microsoft provides several powerful debuggers that
can monitor and debug kernel-mode and user-mode drivers.
Using Driver Verifier in conjunction with these debuggers, on both the checked and free versions of the
operating system, can be a powerful way to test your driver.
• Provide an installation package so that customers can install devices that use your driver.
• Submit your driver and installation package to Microsoft so that it can be digitally signed.
There are many resources available to you while developing your driver. The following sites describe some of the
support available to you:
• http://www.microsoft.com/ddk describes how to obtain the current DDK and provides other information,
such as a driver development reading list.
• http://www.microsoft.com/hwdev provides information, such as device-type-specific white papers and
late-breaking news, and a list of resources available to driver developers.
• http://support.microsoft.com/support/ddk contains DDK product support information.
How to create a boot disk
This is quite simple.

1: Go into MY COMPUTER
2: Have a floppy disk in your drive and then RIGHT click on on the floppy drive and then click on FORMAT
3: You will be greeted with a number of options. The one you need to select is "Create an MS-DOS start up disk".
4: Click ok
Note: This requires up to 5 floppy disks and DOES NOT contain ANY CD-ROM drivers to boot from. A proper CD-
ROM boot up disk is going to be release by Microsoft after the Windows XP public release. You can however use
you old Windows Me start-up disk if you would prefer, as long as you have not upgraded to an NTFS drive.
You can also download the complete set of bootdisks from our website, ready to create the six MS boot disks for
Windows XP:
http://www.freepctech.com/pc/002/files010.shtml
Music and Audio with XP
Great Digital Media with Windows XP includes everything you need to know to play digital music stored on your
PC, on audio CDs, Internet radio stations, and through Web-based streaming audio. But it doesn't end there:
With Windows XP, you can almost endlessly configure Microsoft Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP), manage
digital music directly from the Windows shell and through MPXP, copy music from audio CDs to your PC, and
create your own audio "mix" CDs and data CD backups. And best of all, these capabilities are all built into
Windows XP... for free!
Here are some tips for working with digital music and audio in Windows XP.
Copy CD Audio in MP3 format with an MP3 Encoding Add-on Pack

Microsoft Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP) can record CD audio in Windows Media Audio (WMA) 8 format
natively, but if you want to use the more common MP3 format, you will need one of several MP3 Encoding Add-on
Packs, which will be available for download by the time Windows XP is widely released on October 25. The add-on
packs will cost less than $10, and will be available from Cyberlink, InterVideo, and Ravisent.
Use transcoding to save space on portable audio devices.
When copying music from an audio CD to your hard drive, you will probably want to use a decent encoding rate
(128 Kbps WMA or 160 Kbps MP3 format) to ensure that the resulting files are as close to CD-quality as possible.
But such files are pretty large, and if you're going to be copying them to a portable audio device--such as an
Iomega HipZip or a Pocket PC--you won't be able to bring very many songs with you on the road. To overcome
this problem, Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP) supports a feature called transcoding, which will let you
downsize files on the file as you copy them to a portable device. So you might transcode 128 Kbps WMA files
down to 64 Kbps, for example, to fit twice as many songs in the same amount of space, with only a small loss in
sound quality. To configure this feature, open MPXP and navigate to Tools, Options, Devices. Then, choose the
appropriate device and click Properties. This dialog will allow you to set a custom quality level for music copied to
that device.
Use audio CD artwork in your digital media folders.

One of the coolest new features in Windows XP is its album thumbnail generator, which automatically places the
appropriate album cover art on the folder to which you are copying music (WMA 8 format by default). But what
about those people that have already copied their CDs to the hard drive using MP3 format? You can download
album cover art from sites such as cdnow.com or amguide.com, and then use the new Windows XP folder
customize feature to display the proper image for each folder. But this takes time--you have to manually edit the
folder properties for every single folder--and you will lose customizations if you have to reinstall the OS. There's
an excellent fix, however. When you download the album cover art from the Web, just save the images as
folder.jpg each time and place them in the appropriate folder. Then, Windows XP will automatically use that image
as the thumbnail for that folder and, best of all, will use that image in Windows Media Player for Windows XP
(MPXP) if you choose to display album cover art instead of a visualization. And the folder customization is
automatic, so it survives an OS reinstallation as well. Your music folders never looked so good! Also, you can save
a smaller-sized image albumartsmall.jpg if you'd like: This file is used to store the album art thumbnails you see
in folder icons.
How to make My Computer' open in Explore mode with folder list
In My Computer click Tools menu, and then click Options.
Click the File Types tab.In the list of file types, highlight "(NONE) Folders"
Click Advanced button, In the Actions box, highlight "Explore" Click "Set Default"
XP to directly access WebDAV "internet disks"
Windows XP can directly access WebDAV "internet disks" such as Apple's iDisk.
In Internet Explorer, use the "Open..." command, type the name of the WebDAV server you want to access (e.g.,
http://idisk.mac.com/username) and select the "Open as Web Folder" checkbox. Enter the password when
prompted and you're in!
This trick also works on Windows Me and Windows 2000. Interestingly, Windows XP doesn't seem to support iDisk
via the "Add a Network Place" command, possible with these other operating systems.
Once set up using the "Open" command, however, the idisk can be accessed by simply double-clicking its icon in
the Network Places folder.
Get rid of Windows Messenger
Start->Run->"gpedit.msc""
-Computer Configuration
-Administrative Templates
-Windows Components
-Windows Messenger
Here you can enable

"Do not allow Windows Messenger to be run"
and
"Do not automatically start Windows Messenger initially"
Remove Shared Documents
Open Regedit(Start- Run- Regedit) and navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows
CurrentVersion Explorer My Computer NameSpace DelegateFolders
There will see a sub-key named {59031a47-3f72-44a7-89c5-5595fe6b30ee}. By Deleting this you can remove
the 'Other Files stored on This Computer' group.
Change the text in Internet Explorers title bar to anything you want
In regedit navigate to this key:

HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareMicrosoftInternet ExplorerMain
change the value of the string "Window Title" to whatever you want on the title bar of Internet Explorer - to have
no title except the title of the web pages you are browsing do not enter anything for a value.
Reduce Temporary Internet F ile Space
The temporary internet files clutter your hard drive with copies of each page visited. These can build up over time
and take up disk space. Even more bothersome is that instead of getting new pages each time IE often takes the
page out the temp internet files. This can be a problem if you are viewing a website that is updated all the time.
If you are on a slow connection such as a 56K or lower then this can be good but if you are on a fast broadband
connection, like me, then you can get away with decreasing the size of your temp internet files to just one meg
without any performance decrease.
Launch Internet Explorer.

Select the Tools from the menu bar.
Then select Internet Options... from the drop down menu.
Once the internet options has loaded click on the general tab.
Under the temporary internet files section click the settings button.
A settings window will load. Slide the slider all the way to the left so the size indicated in the text box on the right
is one.
Click OK
Click Ok
Enable / Disable Firewall
Open Control Panel and double click on Network Connections. In the new box that appears right click on the
Connection and click on the Advanced tab. Check or uncheck the box according to your desire.
Win XP Won’t Completely Shutdown
- Goto Control Panel, then goto Power Options.

- Click on the APM Tab, then check the "Enable Advanced Power Management support."
- Shut down your PC. It should now successfully complete the Shut Down process.
WinXP Clear Page file on shutdown
Go to Control panel Administrative tools, local security policy. then goto local policies ---> security options.
Then change the option for "Shutdown: Clear Virtual Memory Pagefile"
Adjust various visual effects
1. Open up the control panel

2. Go under system and click on the advanced tab
3. Click settings under Performance options
4. You can now change various graphical effects (mainly animations and shadows)
Disable Error Reporting
1. Open Control Panel

2. Click on Performance and Maintenance.
3. Click on System.
4. Then click on the Advanced tab
5. Click on the error-reporting button on the bottom of the windows.
6. Select Disable error reporting.
7. Click OK
8. Click OK
Remove shortcut arrow from desktop icons
Here's how you can remove those shortcut arrows from your desktop icons in Windows XP.
1. Start regedit.
2. Navigate to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTlnkfile
3. Delete the IsShortcut registry value.
You may need to restart Windows XP.
Easy sendto menu modification
first open - X:\Documents and Settings\username\SendTo (it is hidden) where X is your drive letter and
username is your username make and delete shortcuts to folders and devices at will
Enable Clear Type
Easy way- Click on or cut and paste link below:
http://www.microsoft.com/typography/cleartype/cleartypeactivate.htm?fname=%20&fsize=
or
- Right click on a blank area of the Desktop and choose Properties
- Click on the Appearance Tab; Click effects
- Check the box: Use the following method to smooth edges of screen fonts
- In the drop down box select: Clear Type
Getting MP3 ripping to work in Windows Media Player 8 in XP
Enter the following in the registry :
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESOFTWAREMicrosoftMediaPlayerSettingsMP3Encoding]
"LowRate"=dword:0000dac0
"MediumRate"=dword:0000fa00
"MediumHighRate"=dword:0001f400
"HighRate"=dword:0002ee00
This corresponds to 56, 64, 128 and 192 Kbps.
You can change this to your liking using the following dword hex values :
320 Kbps = dword:0004e200

256 Kbps = dword:0003e800
224 Kbps = dword:00036b00
192 Kbps = dword:0002ee00
160 Kbps = dword:00027100
128 Kbps = dword:0001f400
112 Kbps = dword:0001b580
64 Kbps = dword:0000fa00
56 Kbps = dword:0000dac0
Internet Broadband
this ones simple:

this is for broad band connections. I didn’t try it on dial up but might work for dial up.
1.make sure your logged on as actually "Administrator". do not log on with any account that just has
administrator privileges.
2. start - run - type gpedit.msc
3. expand the "local computer policy" branch
4. expand the "administrative templates" branch
5. expand the "network branch"
6. Highlight the "QoS Packet Scheduler" in left window
7. in right window double click the "limit reservable bandwidth" setting
8. on setting tab check the "enabled" item
9. where it says "Bandwidth limit %" change it to read 0
reboot if you want to but not necessary on some systems your all done. Effect is immediate on some systems.
some need re-boot. I have one machine that needs to reboot first, the others didn't. Don't know why this is.
This is more of a "counter what XP does" thing. In other words, XP seems to want to reserve 20% of the
bandwidth for its self. Even with QoS disabled, even when this item is disabled. So why not use it to your
advantage. To demonstrate the problem with this on stand alone machines start up a big download from a server
with an FTP client. Try to find a server that doesn't max out your bandwidth. In this case you want a slow to
medium speed server to demonstrate this. Let it run for a couple of minutes to get stable. The start up another
download from the same server with another instance of your FTP client. You will notice that the available
bandwidth is now being fought over and one of the clients download will be very slow or both will slow down
when they should both be using the available bandwidth. Using this "tweak" both clients will have a fair share of
the bandwidth and will not fight over the bandwidth.
Add Album Art to any Music Folder
This is easily my favorite tip! One of the coolest new features in Windows XP is its album thumbnail generator,
which automatically places the appropriate album cover art on the folder to which you are copying music
(generally in WMA format). But what about those people that have already copied their CDs to the hard drive
using MP3 format? You can download album cover art from sites such as cdnow.com or amguide.com, and then
use the new Windows XP folder customize feature to display the proper image for each folder. But this takes
time--you have to manually edit the folder properties for every single folder--and you will lose customizations if
you have to reinstall the OS. There's an excellent fix, however.
When you download the album cover art from the Web, just save the images as folder.jpg each time and place
them in the appropriate folder. Then, Windows XP will automatically use that image as the thumbnail for that
folder and, best of all, will use that image in Windows Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP) if you choose to
display album cover art instead of a visualization. And the folder customization is automatic, so it survives an OS
reinstallation as well. Your music folders never looked so good!
Album cover art makes music folder thumbnails look better than ever!
Change the location of the My Music or My Pictures folders
In Windows 2000, Microsoft added the ability to right-click the My Documents folder and choose a new location
for that folder in the shell. With Windows XP, Microsoft has elevated the My Music and My Pictures folders to the
same "special shell folder" status of My Documents, but they never added a similar (and simple) method for
changing those folder's locations. However, it is actually pretty easy to change the location of these folders, using
the following method.
Open a My Computer window and navigate to the location where you'd like My Music (or My Pictures) to reside.
Then, open the My Documents folder in a different window. Drag the My Music (or My Pictures) folder to the other
window, and Windows XP will update all of the references to that folder to the new location, including the Start
menu.
Add/Remove optional features of Windows XP
I first mentioned this technique in an old Technology Showcase for Windows 2000, but it still works in Windows
XP, and can be quite useful: For some reason, Microsoft has removed the ability to specify which Windows
components you want to install during interactive Setup, and when you go into Add/Remove Windows
Components in the Control Panel, you still don't have the full list of applications and applets you can add and
remove. Thankfully, this is easy to fix.
To dramatically expand the list of applications you can remove from Windows XP after installation, navigate to
C:\WINDOWS\inf (substituting the correct drive letter for your version of Windows) and open the sysoc.inf file.
Under Windows XP Professional Edition RC1, this file will resemble the following by default:
[Version] Signature = "$Windows NT$"
DriverVer=06/26/2001,5.1.2505.0
[Components]
NtComponents=ntoc.dll,NtOcSetupProc,,4
WBEM=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,wbemoc.inf,hide,7
Display=desk.cpl,DisplayOcSetupProc,,7
Fax=fxsocm.dll,FaxOcmSetupProc,fxsocm.inf,,7
NetOC=netoc.dll,NetOcSetupProc,netoc.inf,,7
iis=iis.dll,OcEntry,iis.inf,,7
com=comsetup.dll,OcEntry,comnt5.inf,hide,7
dtc=msdtcstp.dll,OcEntry,dtcnt5.inf,hide,7
IndexSrv_System = setupqry.dll,IndexSrv,setupqry.inf,,7
TerminalServer=TsOc.dll, HydraOc, TsOc.inf,hide,2
msmq=msmqocm.dll,MsmqOcm,msmqocm.inf,,6
ims=imsinsnt.dll,OcEntry,ims.inf,,7
fp_extensions=fp40ext.dll,FrontPage4Extensions,fp40ext.inf,,7
AutoUpdate=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,au.inf,hide,7
msmsgs=msgrocm.dll,OcEntry,msmsgs.inf,hide,7
msnexplr=ocmsn.dll,OcEntry,msnmsn.inf,,7
smarttgs=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,msnsl.inf,,7
RootAutoUpdate=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,rootau.inf,,7
Games=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,games.inf,,7
AccessUtil=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,accessor.inf,,7
CommApps=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,communic.inf,HIDE,7
MultiM=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,multimed.inf,HIDE,7
AccessOpt=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,optional.inf,HIDE,7
Pinball=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,pinball.inf,HIDE,7
MSWordPad=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,wordpad.inf,HIDE,7
ZoneGames=zoneoc.dll,ZoneSetupProc,igames.inf,,7
[Global]
WindowTitle=%WindowTitle%
WindowTitle.StandAlone="*"
The entries that include the text hide or HIDE will not show up in Add/Remove Windows Components by default.
To fix this, do a global search and replace for , hide and change each instance of this to , (a comma). Then, save
the file, relaunch Add/Remove Windows Components, and tweak the installed applications to your heart's
content.
Cool, eh? There are even more new options now under "Accessories and Utilities" too.
Remove Windows Messenger

It seems that a lot of people are interested in removing Windows Messenger for some reason, though I strongly
recommend against this: In Windows XP, Windows Messenger will be the hub of your connection to the .NET
world, and now that this feature is part of Windows, I think we're going to see a lot of .NET Passport-enabled Web
sites appearing as well. But if you can't stand the little app, there are a couple of ways to get rid of it, and ensure
that it doesn't pop up every time you boot into XP. The best way simply utilizes the previous tip:
If you'd like Windows Messenger to show up in the list of programs you can add and remove from Windows,
navigate to C:\WINDOWS\inf (substituting the correct drive letter for your version of Windows) and open
sysoc.inf (see the previous tip for more information about this file). You'll see a line that reads:
Change this to the following and Windows Messenger will appear in Add or Remove Programs, then Add/Remove
Windows Components, then , and you can remove it for good:
msmsgs=msgrocm.dll,OcEntry,msmsgs.inf,7
Kiss Windows Messenger goodbye!
Display the Sharing Tab in Folder Properties NEW!
In Windows 2000, getting to the Sharing options for a folder was simple: Just right-click, choose Properties, and
you'd see a Sharing tab. In Windows XP, this seems to be missing, and the Beta 2 trick to displaying it (hold
down CTRL as you right-click) no longer works.
But fear not, you can still cause your Windows XP RC1 or RC 2 system to display the Sharing tab if desired.
Simply open up Folder Options (My Computer, then Tools, Folder Options) and navigate to the View tab. In the
Advanced Settings section, scroll down to the bottom and uncheck Use simple file sharing (Recommended), a
Mickey Mouse feature if there ever was one. Now share your folders on the LAN as you would in Windows 2000.
Use the Windows Sound Scheme
Windows XP RC1 and RC2 ship with a nice new sound scheme, but it's not loaded by default for some reason. So
once you've installed Windows XP, one of the first things you should do is get that new sound scheme loaded.
To do so, open up Control Panel and navigate to Sounds, Speech, and Audio Devices. Then, choose the task titled
Change the sound scheme. In the dialog that appears, choose Windows Default for the sound scheme. Windows
will ask you whether you want to save the previous scheme, which is usually a brain-dead questions, since no
scheme was previously loaded. So choose No, and then click OK to exit the dialog.
Use the ultimate configuration tool
One of the most full featured Windows XP configuration tools available is hidden right there in your system, but
most people don't even know it exists. It's called the Local Group Policy Editor, or gpedit for short. To invoke this
editor, select Start and then Run, then type the following:
gpedit.msc
After you hit ENTER, you'll be greeted by gpedit, which lets you modify virtually every feature in Windows XP
without having to resort to regedit. Dig around and enjoy!
Keyboard Shortcuts
When speed counts, the keyboard is still king. Almost all the actions and commands you can perform with a
mouse you can perform faster using combinations of keys on your keyboard. These simple keyboard shortcuts
can get you where you want to go faster than several clicks of a mouse. You'll work faster on spreadsheets and
similar documents, too, because you won't lose your place switching back and forth between mouse and keys.
Here are some of the most useful keyboard shortcuts:
Copy. CTRL+C
Cut. CTRL+X
Paste. CTRL+V
Undo. CTRL+Z
Delete. DELETE
Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin. SHIFT+DELETE
Copy selected item. CTRL while dragging an item
Create shortcut to selected item. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item
Rename selected item. F2
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. CTRL+LEFT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph. CTRL+DOWN ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph. CTRL+UP ARROW
Highlight a block of text. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document. SHIFT with any of
the arrow keys
Select all. CTRL+A
Search for a file or folder. F3
View properties for the selected item. ALT+ENTER
Close the active item, or quit the active program. ALT+F4
Opens the shortcut menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously. CTRL+F4
Switch between open items. ALT+TAB

Cycle through items in the order they were opened. ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop. F6
Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer. F4
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10
Display the System menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Display the Start menu. CTRL+ESC
Display the corresponding menu. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name
Carry out the corresponding command. Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu
Activate the menu bar in the active program. F10
Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu. RIGHT ARROW
Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu. LEFT ARROW
Refresh the active window. F5
View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. BACKSPACE
Cancel the current task. ESC
SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive Prevent the CD from automatically playing.
Use these keyboard shortcuts for dialog boxes:
Move forward through tabs. CTRL+TAB

Move backward through tabs. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB
Move forward through options. TAB
Move backward through options. SHIFT+TAB
Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option. ALT+Underlined letter
Carry out the command for the active option or button. ENTER
Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box. SPACEBAR
Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons. Arrow keys
Display Help. F1
Display the items in the active list. F4
Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box. BACKSPACE
If you have a Microsoft Natural Keyboard, or any other compatible keyboard that includes the
Windows logo key and the Application key , you can use these keyboard shortcuts:
Display or hide the Start menu.

Display the System Properties dialog box. +BREAK
Show the desktop. +D
Minimize all windows. +M
Restores minimized windows. +Shift+M
Open My Computer. +E
Search for a file or folder. +F
Search for computers. CTRL+ +F
Display Windows Help. +F1
Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a
network domain. + L
Open the Run dialog box. +R
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.
Open Utility Manager. +U
Helpful accessibility keyboard shortcuts:
Switch FilterKeys on and off. Right SHIFT for eight seconds

Switch High Contrast on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN
Switch MouseKeys on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK
Switch StickyKeys on and off. SHIFT five times
Switch ToggleKeys on and off. NUM LOCK for five seconds
Keyboard shortcuts you can use with Windows Explorer:
Display the bottom of the active window. END

Display the top of the active window. HOME
Display all subfolders under the selected folder. NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)
Display the contents of the selected folder. NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)
Collapse the selected folder. NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)
Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder. LEFT ARROW
Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder. RIGHT ARROW
Where has Scan Disk Gone
Scandisk is not a part of Windows XP - instead you get the improved CHKDSK. You can use the Error-checking
tool to check for file system errors and bad sectors on your hard disk.
1: Open My Computer, and then select the local disk you want to check.
2: On the File menu, click Properties.
3: On the Tools tab, under Error-checking, click Check Now.
4: Under Check disk options, select the Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors check box.
· All files must be closed for this process to run. If the volume is currently in use, a message box will appear
prompting you to indicate whether or not you want to reschedule the disk checking for the next time you restart
your system. Then, the next time you restart your system, disk checking will run. Your volume will not be
available to perform other tasks while this process is running.
· If your volume is formatted as NTFS, Windows automatically logs all file transactions, replaces bad clusters, and
stores copies of key information for all files on the NTFS volume.
Keyboard Shortcuts
When speed counts, the keyboard is still king. Almost all the actions and commands you can perform with a
mouse you can perform faster using combinations of keys on your keyboard. These simple keyboard shortcuts
can get you where you want to go faster than several clicks of a mouse. You'll work faster on spreadsheets and
similar documents, too, because you won't lose your place switching back and forth between mouse and keys.
Here are some of the most useful keyboard shortcuts:
Copy. CTRL+C
Cut. CTRL+X
Paste. CTRL+V
Undo. CTRL+Z
Delete. DELETE
Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin. SHIFT+DELETE
Copy selected item. CTRL while dragging an item
Create shortcut to selected item. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item
Rename selected item. F2
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. CTRL+LEFT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph. CTRL+DOWN ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph. CTRL+UP ARROW
Highlight a block of text. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document. SHIFT with any of
the arrow keys
Select all. CTRL+A
Search for a file or folder. F3
View properties for the selected item. ALT+ENTER
Close the active item, or quit the active program. ALT+F4
Opens the shortcut menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously. CTRL+F4
Switch between open items. ALT+TAB

Cycle through items in the order they were opened. ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop. F6
Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer. F4
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10
Display the System menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Display the Start menu. CTRL+ESC
Display the corresponding menu. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name
Carry out the corresponding command. Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu
Activate the menu bar in the active program. F10
Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu. RIGHT ARROW
Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu. LEFT ARROW
Refresh the active window. F5
View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. BACKSPACE
Cancel the current task. ESC
SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive Prevent the CD from automatically playing.
Use these keyboard shortcuts for dialog boxes:
Move forward through tabs. CTRL+TAB

Move backward through tabs. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB
Move forward through options. TAB
Move backward through options. SHIFT+TAB
Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option. ALT+Underlined letter
Carry out the command for the active option or button. ENTER
Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box. SPACEBAR
Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons. Arrow keys
Display Help. F1
Display the items in the active list. F4
Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box. BACKSPACE
If you have a Microsoft Natural Keyboard, or any other compatible keyboard that includes the
Windows logo key and the Application key , you can use these keyboard shortcuts:
Display or hide the Start menu.

Display the System Properties dialog box. +BREAK
Show the desktop. +D
Minimize all windows. +M
Restores minimized windows. +Shift+M
Open My Computer. +E
Search for a file or folder. +F
Search for computers. CTRL+ +F
Display Windows Help. +F1
Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a
network domain. + L
Open the Run dialog box. +R
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.
Helpful accessibility keyboard shortcuts:
Switch FilterKeys on and off. Right SHIFT for eight seconds

Switch High Contrast on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN
Switch MouseKeys on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK
Switch StickyKeys on and off. SHIFT five times
Switch ToggleKeys on and off. NUM LOCK for five seconds
Keyboard shortcuts you can use with Windows Explorer:
Display the bottom of the active window. END

Display the top of the active window. HOME
Display all subfolders under the selected folder. NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)
Display the contents of the selected folder. NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)
Collapse the selected folder. NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)
Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder. LEFT ARROW
Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder. RIGHT ARROW
Where has Scan Disk Gone
Scandisk is not a part of Windows XP - instead you get the improved CHKDSK. You can use the Error-checking
tool to check for file system errors and bad sectors on your hard disk.
1: Open My Computer, and then select the local disk you want to check.
2: On the File menu, click Properties.
3: On the Tools tab, under Error-checking, click Check Now.
4: Under Check disk options, select the Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors check box.
· All files must be closed for this process to run. If the volume is currently in use, a message box will appear
prompting you to indicate whether or not you want to reschedule the disk checking for the next time you restart
your system. Then, the next time you restart your system, disk checking will run. Your volume will not be
available to perform other tasks while this process is running.
· If your volume is formatted as NTFS, Windows automatically logs all file transactions, replaces bad clusters, and
stores copies of key information for all files on the NTFS volume.
XP file Sharing
File sharing. Is the sharing of a disk or printer between computers . If a disk or folder is shared, everyone on
the network can access it. You have the ability to set password and permissions for the shared disk or folder for
security therefore Windows XP tries to protect you from some potential security risks.
Right click the disk or folder that you want to share and select Sharing and Security.
NOTE: The first time you do this the Networking wizard will appear ..CLOSE IT..:-
The Wizard automatically enables the Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) to prevent other Internet users from
accessing your shared disks and folders. Enabling ICF is a good idea if you connect directly to the Internet
through a dial-up, DSL, or cable modem. But it's a terrible idea if you connect to the Internet through your
LAN, using a software router (like Internet Connection Sharing) or a hardware router, since it will block File and
Printer Sharing.
The disk or folder that you share, along with all of the folders that it contains, will be accessible by other
network users. If you're sharing an entire disk, Windows XP gives a warning. The implication of the warning is
that it's better to share a specific folder, since only that folder (and its subfolders) will be accessible by others,
and the rest of the disk will be inaccessible. Click where indicated if you want to go ahead and share the entire
disk. This screen doesn't appear if you're sharing a folder.
XP will display a warning. If you want ICF enabled, select Use the wizard to enable file sharing. Otherwise,
select Just enable file sharing.
Having successfully stopped the Wizard's , you now have to specify a Share name, which users on other
networked computers will use to access this disk or folder. For maximum compatibility with all versions of
Windows, use 1-12 characters.
By default, users on other computers have full access: they can read, write, and delete shared files. If you only
want them to be able to read files, un-check Allow network users to change my files.
Warning: If a user has full access, deleting a file doesn't put it in the Recycle Bin. Once it's deleted, it's gone for
good.
Hiding a Shared Disk or Folder
What if you don't want everyone on the network to be able to access a shared disk or folder?
The answer is to create a hidden share by adding a dollar sign ('$') to the end of the share name. A hidden
share doesn't appear in My Network Places or Network Neighborhood on any of the networked computers. Only
people who know the share name can access it.
To create a hidden share, right click the disk or folder and select Sharing and Security.
Specify a share name that ends with a dollar sign. Once again, use 1-12 characters (1-11 before the dollar
sign). If the people on your network are clever enough to guess a name like myfiles$, use a more secure
name, like a combination of letters and numbers. Just make sure that you can remember it.
Mapping Hidden Drives

Accessing a Hidden Share:
A hidden share doesn't appear on any of the networked computers, so how can someone on another computer
access it? The answer is to map it as a network drive, which assigns a drive letter to the hidden share. Once it
has a drive letter, you access it just like a disk on the same computer.
To map a network drive, open My Computer, click Tools, and select Map Network Drive.
Specify an unused drive letter and enter the network path for the hidden share, being sure to include the dollar
sign. If you check Reconnect at logon, the mapping will happen automatically every time you start your
computer. Otherwise, you'll have to map it manually every time.
Wizard in Windows XP Professional will automatically provide all of the network settings you need to share
one Internet connection with all the computers in your network. Each computer can use programs such as
Internet Explorer and Outlook Express as if they were directly connected to the Internet.
Enabling ICS
The ICS host computer needs two network connections. The local area network connection, automatically
created by installing a network adapter, connects to the computers on your home or small office network.
The other connection, using a 56k modem, ISDN, DSL, or cable modem, connects the home or small office
network to the Internet. You need to ensure that ICS is enabled on the connection that has the Internet
connection. By doing this, the shared connection can connect your home or small office network to the
Internet, and users outside your network are not at risk of receiving inappropriate addresses from your
network.
When you enable ICS, the local area network connection to the home or small office network is given a new
static IP address and configuration. Consequently, TCP/IP connections established between any home or
small office computer and the ICS host computer at the time of enabling ICS are lost and need to be
reestablished. For example, if Internet Explorer is connecting to a Web site when Internet Connection
Sharing is enabled, refresh the browser to reestablish the connection. You must configure client machines on
your home or small office network so TCP/IP on the local area connection obtains an IP address
automatically. Home or small office network users must also configure Internet options for Internet
Connection Sharing. To enable Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Discovery and Control on Windows 98,
Windows 98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium Edition computers, run the Network Setup Wizard from
the CD or floppy disk on these computers. For ICS Discovery and Control to work on Windows 98, Windows
98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium Edition computers, Internet Explorer version 5.0 or later must
be installed.

Open Network Connections. (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double–click Network Connections.)
Click the dial–up, local area network, PPPoE, or VPN connection you want to share, and then, under Network
If you want this connection to dial automatically when another computer on your home or small office
network attempts to access external resources, select the Establish a dial–up connection whenever a
computer on my network attempts to access the Internet check box.

In Automatic configuration, clear the Automatically detect settings and Use automatic configuration script
check boxes.
XP Network Protocols
Im not going to explain everything about Protocols that is way out of scope of this guide.
There are three main Protocols : TCP/IP, IPX/SPX and NETBEUI
TCP/IP :
Is automatically installed, can't be un-installed, and is used by default for all networking functions.Windows XP
provides one other supported protocol -- IPX/SPX -- and one unsupported protocol, NetBEUI.
By default, XP configures TCP/IP to obtain an IP address automatically. If there's a DHCP server on the
network, it will assign the IP address and other TCP/IP settings to the connection. Otherwise, Windows XP will
use Automatic Private IP Addressing to assign an IP address to the connection.
By default, XP configures TCP/IP to obtain an IP address automatically. If there's a DHCP server on the
network, it will assign the IP address and other TCP/IP settings to the connection. Otherwise, Windows XP will
use Automatic Private IP Addressing to assign an IP address to the connection.
This default configuration should work, unchanged, to connect a Windows XP computer to a network that uses
TCP/IP for File and Printer Sharing in these common configurations:
Using an Internet sharing program or a hardware router protects the local area network from access by other
Internet users, so it's safe to use TCP/IP for File and Printer Sharing on the LAN. The computers have private IP
addresses that aren't accessible from the Internet. No other protocol is needed.
If your network uses static IP addresses, click Use the following IP address -- 192.168.0.3 and enter the
configuration information. For example, here are settings for a network that uses a proxy server at IP address
192.168.0.1 for Internet access.
IPX/SPX
If the existing network uses IPX/SPX for File and Printer Sharing, you can add that protocol to the Windows XP
computer. IPX/SPX is fully supported in XP. In the connection's Properties, click the Install button to add a
network component. XP will ask what type of network component to install.
Click Protocol and Add.
Click NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol and click OK. Two NWLink items are added to the
connection's Properties
Have your winXP CD handy.
NetBEUI
NetBEUI was the default protocol in Windows 95, but Microsoft has been moving away from NetBEUI ever
since. Starting with Windows 98, TCP/IP has been the default protocol, and NetBEUI has been available for
installation as a supported protocol.
Starting with Windows XP, NetBEUI is unsupported. This doesn't mean that NetBEUI won't work! It means
that:
Microsoft recommends against using it.
It doesn't appear in the list of protocols that can be installed.
Microsoft's technical support staff won't answer questions about NetBEUI or help solve problems with it.
Because it's been around for so long, some people think that NetBEUI is required, and they install it on all
Windows networks. Actually, nothing in Windows networking has ever required NetBEUI. You can even un-
install NetBEUI in Windows 95 and use a different protocol.
If your existing network uses NetBEUI for File and Printer Sharing, consider changing to a different
protocol. Most networks can safely use TCP/IP. The main exceptions to this rule are when:
All of the networked computers are connected directly to a cable or DSL modem and receive public IP
addresses from an Internet service provider.
You've separated your LAN from the Internet, but you've opened ports or have placed a computer outside
the firewall to use certain applications or services.
If, after considering all the options, you decide to install NetBEUI on Windows XP, you can do it using files
on the Windows XP CD-ROM. Follow the instructions in the article HOW TO: Install NetBEUI on Windows XP in
the Microsoft Knowledge Base. These tips will help with the installation process:
If the Welcome to Microsoft Windows XP screen appears when you insert the CD-ROM, click Perform
additional tasks followed by Browse this CD.
Where the article refers to %SYSTEMROOT%, substitute the name of the Windows XP installation folder,
which is typically C:Windows.
To see the hidden INF directory, go to My Computer | Tools | Folder Options | View. Scroll down the list of
Advanced settings, and un-check Hide protected operating system files.
If you have a new computer that didn't come with a Windows XP CD-ROM, see if the computer manufacturer
will send you the CD-ROM or the necessary NetBEUI files. If that isn't possible, you'll have to use a different
protocol on your network.
XP Hibernate Option
Whenever you want to logoff, shut down or reboot your Windows XP machine you have only 3 choices
(1) Standby ONLY IF the ACPI/APM function is properly enabled BOTH in your motherboard's BIOS AND in WinXP!
(2) Restart
(3) Shutdown.
To properly enable Hibernation in WinXP:
Start button -> Control Panel -> Power Options -> Hibernate tab -> check Enable hibernate support box ->
Apply/OK -> reboot.
NOTE: If the Hibernate tab is unavailable your computer does NOT support it!
For some reason Microsoft did NOT enable the 4th option:
(4) Hibernate, which should be available on power saving (ACPI) enabled PCs and laptops.
But you CAN bring it back: just hold the Shift key while the Shut down menu is displayed on your screen, and
notice the Standby button being replaced by a new, fully functional Hibernate button, which can be clicked with
the left button of your mouse.
If you release the Shift key, the Hibernate option will disappear once again, to be replaced by Standby.
XP Computer management console
To quickly access the computer management console, where you can see event logs (to see what's causing a
problem, for example), right-click My Computer and choose Manage.
Then, select the Event viewer and double-click highlighted events in the Applications or System areas to view
detailed explanations of what went wrong.
XP Animations
You can turn off window animation ("exploding" windows), displayed when you play around with
minimizing/maximizing open windows. This makes navigating Windows 95/98/ME/NT4/2000/XP a lot quicker,
especially if you don't have a fast video controller, or if you got tired of seeing it all the time (like I did). :)
To do this, run Regedit (or Regedt32) and go to:
HKEY_CURRENT_USER | Control Panel | Desktop | WindowMetrics
or if you are the only user of your Windows computer go to:
HKEY_USERS | .Default | Control Panel | Desktop | WindowMetrics
Right-click on an empty spot in the right hand pane. Select New -> String [REG_SZ] Value. Name it MinAnimate.
Click OK. Double-click on "MinAnimate" and type 0 to turn OFF window animation or 1 to turn it ON. Click OK.
Close the Registry Editor and restart Windows. Done.
TweakUI, the famous Microsoft Power Toy [110 KB, free, unsupported] can also turn off animated windows.
Just remove the check mark from the "Window Animation" box under the General tab.
What are XP powerToys
PowerToys are additional programs that developers work on after the product has been released to
manufacturing, but before the next project has begun. These toys add fun and functionality to the Windows
experience.
We've taken great care to ensure that PowerToys operate as they should. But please note that these programs
are not part of Windows and are not supported by Microsoft. For this reason, Microsoft Technical Support is
unable to answer questions about PowerToys
The PowerToys are installed into the directory you specify during setup. Typically this is the system32 directory.
To uninstall the PowerToys, Open the control Panel. Launch the Add/Remove Programs control panel applet. Find
the PowerToys for Windows XP entry, and choose Modify/Remove. From here you can remove specific toys or all
of them.
Faster User Switcher

Note: You cannot use this toy if fast user switching is not enabled.
What it is: With Fast User Switching enabled on Windows XP, this PowerToy allows you to switch users without
having to use the logon screen.
Special requirements: This PowerToy requires a Windows key on your keyboard.
How to use: Press the Windows key then the Q key to activate; release and press Q to switch to a different user
tile, then release both Q and Windows key to switch to that user.
Shell Player
What it is: This PowerToy plays MP3 files and WMA files from the taskbar.
How to use: Right click on the taskbar, click toolbars, then click "Audio Player." If the taskbar is locked and you
want to resize the player, you will have to unlock it. This will allow you to access the play list editor and view all
the buttons.
Task Switcher
What it is: Replaces the existing Alt + Tab application switching mechanism of Windows XP. It provides a
thumbnail preview of windows in the task list and is compliant with the new Windows XP visual style.
How to use: (NOTE: You must log off and then log on again for the changes to take effect). Use just as you do
the existing Alt + Tab mechanism by pressing the Alt key and the Tab key to activate. While holding down the Alt
key, press the Tab key to cycle through running applications. To move backwards, press Shift + Alt + Tab.
Release all keys when the desired application is highlighted.
Open Command Window Here
What it is: This PowerToy adds an "Open Command Window Here" context menu option on file system folders.
This gives users a quick way to open a command window (cmd.exe) pointing at a selected folder in the Explorer
UI.
How to use: After installation, right click on the folder you would like to have a quick launch command window
for.
Tweak UI
What it is: Provides access to system settings that are not exposed in the Windows XP default user interface.
How to use: Go to Start, All Programs, Accessories, TweakUI for Windows XP.
PowerToy Calc
What it is: Graphing calculator
How to use: Go to Start, All Programs, Accessories, PowerToy Calc
Bulk Resize for Photos

What it is: Allows you to make a new, resized copy of your selected pictures in the same folder they are currently
located in. You can opt to resize one or many pictures (as a batch).
How to use: Right click any image(s) and select Resize Pictures in the context menu.
ISO Image Burner

What it is: Allows you to burn an ISO Image using a CD-ROM burner that is compatible with Windows XP
How to use: Go to Start, All Programs, Accessories, ISO Burner
Slide Show Generator

What it is: Generate a slideshow when burning a CD
How to use: Add only images to a CD-ROM using Windows XP Explorer, then Write these files to disk. A new task
is presented in the wizard for generating the autorun for the slideshow.
Virtual Desktop Manager

What it is: Manage up to 4 desktops from the Windows Shell Taskbar.
How to use:Right click on the taskbar, click toolbars, then click "Desktop Manager." If the taskbar is locked and
you want to resize the manager, you will have to unlock it.
Background Wallpaper switcher

What it is: Allows you to switch the background image periodically.
How to use: Access this PowerToy by right clicking the desktop, click properties. It has added a new tab that will
allow you to specify the interval as well as the directory to obtain the images from.
Taskbar Magnifier
What it is: Allows you to magnify part of the screen from the taskbar.
How to use:Right click on the taskbar, click toolbars, then click "Taskbar Magnifier." If the taskbar is locked and
you want to resize the magnifier, you will have to unlock it.
Slide Show Wizard

What it is: This wizard helps you create a slide show of your digital pictures. When you're done, you can put your
slide show on the Web so that your family and friends can view it.
How to use: Launch the Wizard from the Start Menu under All ProgramsPowertoys for Windows XPSlide Show
Wizard. Follow the steps of the wizard to select and arrange your pictures, choose from a few simple options, and
then save a Web-ready HTML slide show to a folder.
Use the Internet Connection Firewall to Secure Your Small Network
A firewall is a security system that acts as a protective boundary between a network and the outside world.
Windows XP includes Internet Connection Firewall (ICF) software you can use to restrict what information is
communicated between the Internet and your home or small office network. ICF also protects a single computer
connected to the Internet with a cable modem, a DSL modem, or a dial–up modem.
If your network uses Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) to provide Internet access to multiple computers, you
should use ICF on the shared Internet connection. However, ICS and ICF can be enabled separately. You should
not enable the firewall on any connection that does not directly connect to the Internet, and ICF is not needed if
your network already has a firewall or proxy server.
You must be logged on to your computer with an owner account in order to complete this procedure. You should
not enable Internet Connection Firewall on virtual private networking (VPN) connections or on client computers
because ICF will interfere with file and printer sharing. ICF cannot be enabled on the private connections of the
Internet Connection Sharing host computer.
To enable or disable Internet Connection Firewall
Open Network Connections (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double–click Network Connections.)
Click the Dial–up, LAN or High–Speed Internet connection that you want to protect, and then, under Network
On the Advanced tab, under Internet Connection Firewall, select one of the following:
To enable Internet Connection Firewall (ICF), select the Protect my computer and network by limiting or
preventing access to this computer from the Internet check box.
To disable Internet Connection Firewall, clear the Protect my computer and network by limiting or preventing
access to this computer from the Internet check box. This disables the firewall, your computer and network are
then vulnerable to intrusions
Turn off Welcome screen
Open User Accounts in Control Panel.
Click Change the way users log on or off
Speed up viewing shared files across a network
Windows 2000 & XP machines delay as long as 30 seconds when you try to view shared files across a network
because Windows is using the extra time to search the remote computer for any Scheduled Tasks. Here's how to
prevent this remote search for Scheduled Tasks:
Open up the Registry and go to :
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/Microsoft/Windows/CurrentVersion/Explorer/RemoteComputer/NameSpace
Under that branch, select the key :
{D6277990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF}
and delete it.
If you like you may want to export the exact branch so that you can restore the key if necessary. This fix is so
effective that it doesn't require a reboot and you can almost immediately determine yourself how much it speeds
up your browsing processes.
Setup XP from a Network drive
You use three switches. If D: is the target, and G: is the net drive.
G:i386winnt32 /tempdrive:D /makelocalsource /s:G:i386
Use a Shortcut to Local Area Network Connection Information
Something new in Windows XP—instead of using the command line program and typing ipconfig to find local area
network information, you can use the following shortcut:
1.Click Start, point to Connect to, and then click Show All Connections.
2.Right–click the connection you want information about, and then click Status.
3.In the connection Properties dialog box, click the Support tab.
For even more information, click the Advanced tab. To automatically enable the status monitor each time the
connection is active, in the connection Properties dialog box, select the Show icon in taskbar notification area
when connected check box.
"STOP” ERROR MESSAGES AT SHUTDOWN
Some users have gotten an error message similar to the following when attempting either to shutdown or restart
Win XP:
STOP 0000009F, DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE
STOP 0x0000001E: KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED
STOP 0x000000D1: DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL
TechNet and the Microsoft Knowledge Base have numerous articles discussing this type of error condition; for
example, these. As a review of these articles will show, these are commonly device driver problems, but may also
be caused by troublesome software (such as the notorious CrashGuard), or a problem in a system service. MSKB
article Q262575 discusses a shutdown problem of this type, known to exist in Windows 2000 due to a resource
(IRQ) conflict, if you have PACE Interlok anti-piracy software installed. This problem may occur in Windows XP as
well.
Microsoft advises the following as one approach to these problems: Restart the computer. Press F8 during the
restart and select “Last Known Good Configuration.” If you catch the problem when it first occurs (meaning you
likely have installed only one or two drivers or new service), this will return you to a previous working condition.
(Would System Restore accomplish the same thing? I don’t know, and don’t have a broken system to test it on.)
Microsoft reported similarly that these STOP code error message occur when Windows XP is trying to shut down
devices. He says that he has seen this twice: once with Logitech Quickcam installed (with an unsupported driver),
and once with a USB DSL modem that would hang if it wasn’t disconnected before shutdown.
SHUTDOWN WORKS, BUT IT’S REAL SLOW.
If it appears that Win XP is not shutting down, give it some time. Some users have reported a minute or longer
for shutdown to visibly start. Thus far, it appears that this is a consequence of software that is running when
shutdown is attempted, and it also may have something to do with particular hardware. If you are experiencing
this problem, be sure to close all running programs before attempting shutdown and see if this solves your
problem. If so, then you can determine, by trial and error, which program(s) are involved.
One specific solution for this was provided by Microsoft support. ” In Control Panel | Administrative Tools |
Services. (You can also get this by launching SERVICES.MSC from a Run box. This utility is also built into the
Computer Management console.) Stop the Nvidia Driver Helper service. Many other friends quickly confirmed that
this solved this “extremely slow shutdown” problem for them.
POWERDOWN ISSUES.
“Powerdown issues” are quite distinctive from “shutdown issues.” I define a shutdown problem as one wherein
Windows doesn’t make it at least to the “OK to shut off your computer” screen. If Windows gets that far, or
farther, then it has shut down correctly. However, the computer may not powerdown correctly after that. This is a
different problem, and I encourage that people reporting these issues to make a very clear distinction in their
labeling.
When Windows XP won’t powerdown automatically, the APM/NT Legacy Power Node may not be enabled. To
enable this, right-click on the My Computer icon, click Properties | Hardware | Device Manager | View. Check the
box labeled “Show Hidden Devices.” If it’s available on your computer, there will be a red X on the APM/NT Legacy
Node. Try enabling it and see if this resolves the powerdown problem.
This should resolve the powerdown issue in most cases. However, other factors can sometimes interfere with
correct powerdown functioning. In that case, consider the following tips:
· If you are changing the default power settings in the BIOS, it can lead to a powerdown problem. Restoring all
BIOS power settings to default will likely fix it.
OTHER KNOWN ISSUES & HINTS.
· BIOS UPGRADE.
As with every new operating system that comes along - especially one that is as much of a “step up” as Windows
XP is from Windows 9x - the recommendation is made to be sure your BIOS is updated. Many people have
reported that this has solved their shutdown problems (and had other advantages) with Win XP, just as it has in
earlier versions of Windows.
Speed up your Windows 2000/XP system and save resources at the same time
You can improve performance of your Windows 2000/XP and reclaim memory by simply disabling the services
that is also known as "System Services" you don't need which Windows 2000 or XP automatically provide by
default.
What Are System Services in the 1st place

System services are actually small helper programs that provide support for other larger programs in Windows
2000. Many of the services are set up to run automatically each time you start Windows 2000. However, if you're
not using the larger programs that these services are designed to support, these services are simply wasting RAM
that could be put to better use by your applications. While the word "Disable" is used here to describe the idea
that you'll remove these services from memory, what you'll really be doing is changing the startup setting from
Automatic to Manual. When you do, the services won't automatically start each time you launch Windows 2000
Professional. However, Windows 2000 will be able to manually start the services if they're needed. That way you
won't be unnecessarily wasting RAM, but you won't be crippling your system either. Note: If you're running
Windows 2000 Professional on a corporate network, you may not be able to adjust system services. Regardless of
whether you can or not, you should check with your system administrator before attempting the make these
changes.
Changing the startup type of a service from Automatic to Manual is a relatively simple operation. To begin, open
the Control Panel, open the Administrative Tools folder, and then double click the Services tool. When you see the
Services window, set the View to Detail if it isn't already. Then click the Startup Type column header to sort the
services by Startup Type. When you do, all the Services that start automatically will appear at the top of the list.
As you scan through the list of services on your system whose Startup Type setting is set to Automatic, look for
the services in listed in the Table below. These are some of the services are good candidates to be set to a
Manual Startup Type.
Examples of services that can be safely changed to Manual :-

DHCP Client -- You're not connecting to a specific DHCP server on your local network
Distributed Link Tracking Client -- You're not connected to a Windows 2000 domain
DNS Client -- You're not connecting to a specific DNS server on your local network
FTP Publishing Service -- You don't need your system to act as an FTP server
IIS Admin Service -- You don't need your system to act as an WWW server
IPSEC Policy Agent -- You're not connected to a Windows 2000 domain
Messenger -- You're not connected to a Windows 2000 domain
Remote Registry Service -- You don't remotely access the Registry of other systems on your local network
RIP Service -- You don't need your system to act as a router
Run As Service -- You don't use any applications that run as an alias
World Wide Web Publishing Service

You don't need your system to act as an WWW server
If you find a match and think that your system doesn't need that particular service, right-click on the service and
choose the Properties command from the shortcut menu. When you see the Properties dialog box for that service,
click the Startup Type drop down list and select Manual. Then click OK. As you change the Startup Type for any
service, take note of the service's name. That way you'll have a record of which services you changed and can
change them back if you need to, as I'll explain in a moment.
Using the Windows Task Manager

Trick : To determine the amount of RAM you'll regain by disabling unnecessary system services, use the Windows
Task Manager. Here's how: Before you disable any system services, reboot your system and don't launch any
applications. If you have applications that automatically load when you start Windows, hold down the [Shift] key
to bypass the Startup folder. Then, right click on the task bar and select Task Manager from the shortcut menu.
When you see the Windows Task Manager dialog box, select the Performance tab. Now take note of the Available
value in the Physical Memory panel. After you disable those system services you deem unnecessary, reboot your
system in the same manner and compare the Available value in the Physical Memory panel to the one that you
noted earlier.
Final thoughts
Keep in mind that you may not find all the services listed in the Table set to Automatic on your system. In fact,
you might not even see some of the services listed present on your system. If that's the case, don't worry about
it. Each Windows 2000/XP installation is unique depending on the system and installed software, and different
sets of services may be installed and set to start automatically.
On the other hand, you may find services other than those listed in Table set to Automatic that you may think are
unnecessary. If so, you can find out what each service does by hovering your mouse pointer over the service's
description. When you do, a tool tip window will pop up and display the entire description of the service. You can
then better determine if the service is unnecessary. Remember, by changing the Startup Type to Manual,
Windows 2000 can still start the service if it's needed. If you decide to experiment with changing the Startup
Types of certain services, you can monitor the services over time by launching the Services utility and checking
the list of running services. If you consistently find one of the services you set to Manual running, you may decide
to change the Startup Type back to Automatic.
Use Windows Update to Keep Your Computer Current
Windows XP takes the chore out of keeping your software updated with the newest and best code for device
drivers, security, reliability, and performance.
Windows Update is the online extension of Windows. It’s a Web site where you find the most recent updates for
your operating system, software programs, and hardware. Windows Update scans your computer and lists the
code updates needed on your system. Then you can choose whether to download and install them.
To find available updates
1. Open Windows Update.

2. Click Scan for updates to find out about recent releases for your system.
3. Click Yes when prompted to install any required software or device drivers.
Notes:
• To open Windows Update, click Start, then click Help and Support. Under “Pick a task,” click Keep
your computer up–to–date with Windows Update.
• The first time you go to the Windows Update Web site, click Yes when prompted to install any required
software or controls.
• To use Windows Update, you need to establish a connection to the Internet.
• You might need to be logged on as an administrator or a member of the Administrators group in order
to perform some tasks.
Use Virtual Private Networks for Secure Internet Data Transfer
Data sent across the public Internet is generally not protected from prying eyes, but you can make your Internet
communications secure and extend your private network with a virtual private network (VPN) connection. VPN
uses a technique known as tunneling to transfer data securely on the Internet to a remote access server on your
workplace network. Using a VPN helps you save money by using the public Internet instead of making long–
distance phone calls to connect securely with your private network.
The connection over the Internet is encrypted and secure. New authentication and encryption protocols are
enforced by the remote access server. Sensitive data is hidden from the public, but it is securely accessible to
appropriate users through a VPN.
There are two ways to create a VPN connection: By dialing an Internet service provider (ISP), or by connecting
directly to the Internet.
• If you dial–in to an ISP, your ISP then makes another call to the private network’s remote access server
to establish the PPTP or L2TP tunnel. After authentication, you can access the private network.
• If you are already connected to the Internet, on a local area network, a cable modem, or a digital
subscriber line (DSL), you can make a tunnel through the Internet and connects directly to the remote
access server. After authentication, you can access the corporate network.
To make a virtual private network (VPN) connection
1. Open Network Connections. (Click Start, click Control Panel, click Network and Internet
Connections, and then click Network Connections.)
2. Under Network Tasks, click Create a new connection, and then click Next.
3. Click Connect to the network at my workplace, and then click Next as shown below.
4. Click Virtual Private Network connection, click Next, and then follow the instructions in the wizard.
Notes:
• You can create multiple VPN connections by copying them in the Network Connections folder. You can
then rename the connections and modify connection settings. By doing so, you can easily create
different connections to accommodate multiple hosts, security options, and so on.
• If you have an active Winsock Proxy client, you cannot create a VPN. A Winsock Proxy client
immediately redirects data to a configured proxy server before the data can be processed in the fashion
required by a VPN. To establish a VPN, you should disable the Winsock Proxy client.
Unlocking WinXP's setupp.ini
WinXP's setupp.ini controls how the CD acts. IE is it an OEM version or retail? First, find your setupp.ini file in the
i386 directory on your WinXP CD. Open it up, it'll look something like this:
ExtraData=707A667567736F696F697911AE7E05
Pid=55034000
The Pid value is what we're interested in. What's there now looks like a standard default. There are special
numbers that determine if it's a retail, oem, or volume license edition. First, we break down that number into two
parts. The first five digits determines how the CD will behave, ie is it a retail cd that lets you clean install or
upgrade, or an oem cd that only lets you perform a clean install? The last three digits determines what CD key it
will accept. You are able to mix and match these values. For example you could make a WinXP cd that acted like
a retail cd, yet accepted OEM keys.
Now, for the actual values. Remember the first and last values are interchangable, but usually you'd keep them
as a pair:
Retail = 51882335
Volume License = 51883 270
OEM = 82503 OEM
So if you wanted a retail CD that took retail keys, the last line of your setupp.ini file would read:
Pid=51882335
And if you wanted a retail CD that took OEM keys, you'd use:
Pid=51882OEM
Note that this does NOT get rid of WinXP's activation. Changing the Pid to a Volume License will not bypass
activation. You must have a volume license (corporate) key to do so.
Ping
In a previous tip, it was revealed how to continuously ping a host until stopped. Here are all of the ping options:
example .. In DOS .. c:>ping 192.168.0.1 -t
-t Ping the specifed host until interrupted
-a Resolve addresses to hostnames
-n count Number of echo requests to send
-l size Send buffer size
-f Set Don't Fragment flag in packet
-i TTL Time To Live
-v TOS Type Of Service
-r count Record route for count hops
-s count Timestamp for count hops
-j host-list Loose source route along host-list
-k host-list Strict source route along host-list
-w timeout Timeout in milliseconds to wait for each reply
Experiment to see how helpful these can be!
Use System Restore to Undo Changes if Problems Occur
Windows XP Professional makes it easier to resolve problems if they occur in your system. You can use System
Restore to remove any system changes that were made since the last time you remember your computer working
correctly. System Restore does not affect your personal data files (such as Microsoft Word documents, browsing
history, drawings, favorites, or e–mail) so you won’t lose changes made to these files. Windows XP creates
“restore points” every day, as well as at the time of significant system events (such as when an application or
driver is installed). You can also create and name your own restore points at any time. Creating a restore point
can be useful any time you anticipate making changes to your computer that are risky or might make your
computer unstable. If something goes wrong, you select a restore point and Windows XP undoes any system
changes made since that time.
When you run System Restore, a calendar is displayed to help you find restore points. If you don't use your
computer every day, some days might not have any restore points. If you use your computer frequently, you
might have restore points almost every day, and some days might have several restore points.
To create a Restore Point
1. Access the System Restore Wizard through Help and Support Center. (Click Start, and then click Help and
Support. Click Performance and Maintenance, click Using System Restore to undo changes, and then
click Run the System Restore Wizard.
2. Click Create a restore point, and then click Next.
3. In the Restore point description box, type a name to identify this restore point. System Restore
automatically adds to this name the date and time that this Restore Point is created.
• To finish creating this restore point, click Create.
• To cancel restore point creation and return to the Welcome to System Restore screen, click Back.
• To cancel restore point creation and exit the System Restore Wizard, click Cancel.
To view or to return to this restore point, from the Welcome to System Restore screen of the System Restore
Wizard select Restore my computer to an earlier time. Then select the date when the restore point was
created from the calendar in the Select a Restore Point screen. All of the restore points that were created on
the selected date are listed by name in the list box to the right of the calendar.
To set advanced restore options
1. Open Backup. (Click Start, point to All Programs, point to Accessories, point to System Tools, and then
click Backup.) The Backup Utility Wizard starts by default, unless it is disabled.
2. Click the Advanced Mode button in the Backup Utility Wizard.
3. Click the Restore and Manage Media menu and select the files to restore.
4. Click the Start Restore button.

5. On the Confirm Restore dialog box, click Advanced.
6. Set the advanced restore options you want, and then click OK. See the Notes section for a description of each
option.
Use PostScript Type 1 fonts in XP
You don't need Adobe Type Manager to use PostScript Type 1 fonts under Windows XP.
Just drag the Type 1 font files to your fonts folder; XP automatically installs and activates the font. This works for
TrueType and OpenType fonts, too.
Use Offline Files When You're off the Network
Offline Files in Windows XP Professional can help you be more productive. You can use this feature on a portable
computer, or on a desktop computer that occasionally connects to your workplace network. For example, this
feature is useful if you are working at home on a desktop computer, and need to automatically get files off the
network whenever you connect.
The files that you select are automatically downloaded from shared folders on the network and stored on your
computer. When you disconnect, the files are available to use. When you reconnect to the network, your changes
are added to the files on the network in a process called synchronization. If someone else on the network made
changes to the same file, you can save your version, keep the other version, or save both.
To set up your computer to use offline files
1. Open My Computer. (Click Start, and then click My Computer.)
2. On the Tools menu, click Folder Options.
3. On the Offline Files tab, make sure that the Enable Offline Files check box is selected as shown below.
4. Select Synchronize all offline files before logging off to get a full synchronization. Leave it unselected for
a quick synchronization. A full synchronization ensures that you have the most current version of every shared
network file that you work with offline. A quick synchronization ensures that you have complete versions of your
offline files, although they may not be the most current versions. You might select a quick synchronization if you
are the only person working on a file or if you do not need the most current version of a file.
If you want to control which offline files are synchronized, when they are synchronized, and whether Windows
prompts you before synchronizing your files, you can use Synchronization Manager.
To make a file or folder available to you offline
After you set up your computer to use offline files, you need to make shared network files available to you offline.
1. Open My Computer. (Click Start, and then click My Computer.)
2. Double–click a network drive to view its contents. If My Computer does not contain links to any network
drives, you need to assign a drive letter to a shared network resource.
3. Click the shared network file or folder that you want to make available offline.
4. On the File menu, click Make Available Offline. This option appears on the File menu only after you set up
your computer to use offline files as described above.
5. To make a network file or folder unavailable offline, right–click the item, and click Make Available Offline
again to clear the check mark.
To view a list of all of the shared network files that are available offline
1. On the Tools menu, click Folder Options.

2. On the Offline Files tab, click View Files.
Use Infrared Data Transfer to Connect Computers and Devices

You can connect your computer to other nearby computers and devices without wires, using infrared light to
transfer data, the same way your TV remote control sends signals. Most new portable computers have built–in
infrared transceivers, and Windows XP supports the Infared Data Association (IrDA) standards and protocols,
allowing you to connect with such devices as printers, modems, digital pagers, personal digital assistants,
electronic cameras, organizers, cellular phones, and hand–held computers.
To establish an infrared link
1. Verify that the devices you want to connect with have infrared functionality enabled and work correctly.
For information about verifying infrared functionality on your computer, see below. For information about verifying
infrared functionality on other devices, see the device manufacturer's documentation.
2. Align your devices so that the infrared transceivers are within one meter of each other, and the transceivers
are pointing at each other.
When the devices are correctly aligned, the icon appears on the taskbar.
• The infrared transceiver is the small, dark red window on your portable computer, printer, digital
camera, adapter, or other device.
• You can choose whether to hide or display the Wireless Link taskbar icon when two infrared devices are
aligned. By default, the Wireless Link taskbar icon is displayed.
To verify infrared support on your computer
1. Verify that your computer has an infrared transceiver (the transceiver will appear as a small, dark red
window).
If your computer does not have an infrared transceiver, see your manufacturer's documentation to verify whether
IrDA functionality is supported. You could also consider adding a IrDA card which can found at most good
computer supply shops.
2. Open Device Manager. Click Start, and then click Control Panel. Click Printers and Other Hardware, and
then click System in the left panel. On the Hardware tab, click Device Manager.
3. Double–click Infrared Devices
If you have an infrared transceiver, but Infrared Devices does not appear in Device Manager, you do not have
an infrared device installed.
If no infrared devices are listed, do one or both of the following:
• Enter BIOS setup to verify whether the infrared device is enabled in BIOS, in IrDA, or Fast IrDA (FIR)
mode. For information about how to enter BIOS setup, see your computer manufacturer's
documentation. If the infrared device is disabled in BIOS, you might be able to use your computer's
BIOS setup to enable it.
Warning: Using a BIOS setup utility incorrectly can cause your computer to operate incorrectly.
Microsoft cannot guarantee that problems resulting from the incorrect use of the BIOS setup can be
solved. Use this utility at your own risk. Before you make any changes, make a note of the original
settings so that you can reinstate them if necessary.
• See your computer manufacturer's documentation to determine whether the BIOS needs to be updated.
1. Verify that at least one infrared device is listed and that it is enabled.
If infrared devices are listed but they are not enabled, verify that the infrared devices are installed
correctly on your computer. Infrared transceivers are now installed in nearly all new portable computers.
If your computer does not have an infrared transceiver, but it supports IrDA, and IrDA is enabled in
BIOS, you can install an external infrared transceiver.
Use Hibernate and Standby to Conserve Batteries
The Hibernate function in Windows XP Professional can make the batteries in your laptop computer last longer.
Windows XP supports the industry standard power management technology known as the Advanced
Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI), which enables the operating system to control power to your computer
and peripheral devices. The power management features in Windows XP include Hibernate and Standby.
Hibernate saves an image of your desktop with all open files and documents, and then it powers down your
computer. When you turn on power, your files and documents are open on your desktop exactly as you left them.
Standby reduces the power consumption of your computer by cutting power to hardware components you are not
using. Standby can cut power to peripheral devices, your monitor, even your hard drive, but maintains power to
your computer’s memory so you don’t lose your work.
Power Management Performance
Windows XP wakes from Hibernate faster than any earlier version of Windows. So you can preserve your batteries
without taking time to close all your files and shut down, and then restart and open all your files when you’re
ready to work again. If you need to leave your computer, you can just leave it. Windows XP can automatically put
your computer into Hibernate mode after a specified period of inactivity. Or Windows XP can detect when your
batteries are running low, and then automatically put your computer in Hibernate mode to save your work before
the battery fails. To put your computer into hibernation, you must have a computer that is set up by the
manufacturer to support this option.
To automatically put your computer into hibernation
1. Open Power Options in Control Panel. (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Power
Options.)
2. Click the Hibernate tab, select the Enable hibernate support check box, and then click Apply.
If the Hibernate tab is unavailable, your computer does not support this feature.
3. Click the APM tab, click Enable Advanced Power Management support, and then click Apply.
The APM tab is unavailable on ACPI–compliant computers. ACPI automatically enables Advanced Power
Management, which disables the APM tab.
4. Click the Power Schemes tab, and then select a time period in System hibernates. Your computer
hibernates after it has been idle for the specified amount of time.
To manually put your computer into hibernation
You must be logged on as an administrator or a member of either the Administrators or Power Users group in
order to complete this procedure. If your computer is connected to a network, network policy settings might also
prevent you from completing this procedure.
1. Open Power Options in Control Panel. (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Power
Options.)
2. Click the Hibernate tab, and then select the Enable hibernate support check box.
If the Hibernate tab is not available, your computer does not support this feature.
3. Click OK to close the Power Options dialog box.
4. Click Start, and then click Shut Down. In the What do you want the computer to do drop-down list, click
Hibernate.
If you are using Windows XP Home Edition, or Windows XP Professional with Fast User Switching turned on, the
Shut Down menu will present the options to Stand By, Turn Off, or Restart your computer. Hold down the
Shift key, and the Stand By button will change to Hibernate.
What upgrade paths does Windows XP support
A. XP Home Edition and XP Professional are available in full and upgrade versions. If you're upgrading from a
qualifying OS, you can purchase the less-expensive upgrade version; otherwise, you need to purchase the full
version. However, even if you purchase the full version, XP doesn't support all upgrade paths. Review the
following table to determine whether XP supports your upgrade path:
Current Version Win XP Home Win XP Pro

Win 3.1/3.11 No No
Windows 95 No No
Windows 98/98SE Yes Yes
Windows ME Yes Yes
Windows NT 3.51 No No
Windows NT 4.0 No Yes
Windows 2000 Pro No Yes
Windows XP Home N/A Yes
Windows XP Pro No N/A
File Sharing without ICS
To enable file and printer sharing on networks not using Internet Connection
Sharing, you must run the Network Setup Wizard and select the following option:
This computer connects to the Internet through another computer on my network or through a residential
gateway.
If your computer is directly connected to the Internet, re-run the Network Setup Wizard and select the following
option:
This computer connects to the Internet directly or through a network hub.
Other computers on my network also connect to the Internet directly or through a hub.
Error - ''boot_unmountable_drive'' when installing XP
For those who are getting this error when you try to install WinXP on a motherboard that has UDMA 100 Promise
Controllers you need to do the following in order to get XP to install correctly if your hard drives are connected to
the UDMA 100 controller.
Now there are two ways to get XP installed, the first one I am going to mention is the easiest way and the second
is a bit more complicated but will work never the less.
#1 - Easiest Way
I have an Asus A7V motherboard and I have run into this more than once. What you need to do (this is the
easiest way to do it that I have found) is to move your hard drives cable off the UDMA 100 controller (normally
color coded blue) over to the UDMA 66 master controller on the motherboard. Once you have done that make
sure your PC still boots into your current OS correctly. If it does then start your XP install or upgrade. Everything
should be fine. Now, once XP is up on My Computer and choose Manage. Look under Device manager and you will
see an error with a yellow exclamation point on it. Right click on it and install the Promise Drivers. You can
download them directly from here - ftp://ftp.promise.com/Controllers/IDE/Ultra66/UltraFamily/U100d160b32.zip
Once you have the drivers installed re-boot the system and make sure the yellow exclamation points are gone
and the promise drivers are listed under SCSI devices, if they are then turn off your system, move the HD's back
to the UDMA 100 controller and boot it up. That should fix it.
#2 - Fresh Install
If you plan on installing XP to a freshly formatted hard drive the easiest way I have found to do this is to use the
above method but for those with only one UDMA 66 controller on there motherboard you may need to do the
following:
- First use the URL above and download the Promise drivers from the Promise website.
- Second you need to extract the drivers to a floppy or to the partition on your hard drive that XP can see (FAT32
works great for this) but there is a trick to this in order to make XP see the drivers. Once you extract the drivers
the promise drivers automatically make folders for each individual OS (see screen shot), what you need to do is
move the files from under the Win2K directory to the of the Promise Folder. So you take the three files under the
Win2K folder and copy them, don't move them but copy them to the root of the main folder where you extracted
the Promise drivers to (if you don't see three files go to Tools/Folder Options/View and check "show hidden files").
The three files you need to copy to the area are:
- Ultra.cat
- Ultra.inf
- Ultra.sys
Now that you have all the files in the copy them to a floppy, reboot (if needed) and start your install of XP.
Now pay attention here - at the bottom of the very first blue setup screen you will see a prompt to hit F6 to
install third party SCSI or RAID drivers. HIT F6 A FEW TIMES NOW!!! Now it might take a couple of seconds but
you should be prompted to insert your drivers into your floppy drive. Do so and choose the Promise ATA100
controller. Keep this disk handy as you will be prompted for it one more time during the install.
Once XP has the drivers and loads them successfully XP should install just fine, well at least as far as the
controller goes.
FDISK Tutorial
The Basics of Fdisk:

Primary partitions are the only one that are bootable. They're always the C: drive when active. Normally you can
only have one (more with some special tricks etc.) Extended partitions are needed when you want more than one
partition. You can only have ONE Extended partition. Logical Drives come into the Extended partition. They are
handy since you know that you can only have one Primary and one Extended so you can get more than only two
partitions. They would be your D:, E:, etc. drives.
First you need to reboot your system with the Boot Disk inserted.
1.At the A: prompt start "FDISK."
2.If asked to use Large Disc support say Yes.
3.The first screen looks like this:
Create Dos Partition or Logical Drive

Set Active Partition
Delete Partitions or Logical DOS Drives
Display Partition Information
Change current fixed drive. (In case you have two or more Hard Drivess)
So, to prepare you hopefully did a backup from your data. You did, didn't you ?!
4.Next we need to remove the existing partitions. So go to 3.
5.Next screen like this:
Delete Primary DOS

Delete Extended DOS
Delete Logical Drives
Delete Non-DOS
Delete always in the following order
Logical (All) > Extended > Primary (Last)
6.Go back to first screen after all partitions have been removed.
7.Now we need to setup our new partitions. Go to 1.
This screen looks like this:
Create Primary DOS

Create Extended DOS
Create Logical DOS Drives
Here we create in the following order
Primary > Extended > Logical Drives.
8.First create the Primary. If asked to use all space say No and enter the amount you wish for the C: drive. It
should be set automatically to be the (only) Active partition. If not it may ask you or you have to select "2. Set
active partition" from the main menu.
9.Next create the Extended Partition. Use all space left.

It probably advances automatically to the next step, creating the Logical DOS Drives.
10.Enter the amount you wish for the D: partition and than the rest for the third partition.
Think first about the size for the partitions.
OK now we're finished with FDISK so just exit it. Next you need to reboot with the disc still inserted and Format
all partitions (the C: partition might need to be formatted with "format c: /s", check the Win95 tip). Another
reboot and you can go ahead and install Windows.
When your system supports booting from CD just insert the Windows CD and reboot. The setup will start.
If not, follow these steps:
Win98: insert Boot Disk and CD, reboot, choose "2. boot with CDROM support" and once you're at the prompt
change to your CD-drive letter (depends on your partition setup) and enter "setup".
Win95: You must format the C: partition with "Format C: /s"!. Next install your CDROM driver, reboot, insert the
Win95 CD, change to the CD-driveletter, enter "setup".
I hope I made no mistakes.
Dual Boot XP
A computer can be configured to let you choose between two or more operating systems each time you restart
the computer. With multibooting, you can choose which operating system to run or specify a default OS if no
selection is made during the restart process.
Computers Containing Multiple Windows 2000 or Windows XP Partitions

Before installing Windows 2000 and Windows XP on the same machine, you need to prepare your system with
different partitions (a process that divides a hard disk into separate sections that can be formatted for use by a
file system. Partitions typically have different drive letters such as C or D).
One OS per partition
It’s important to install each operating system on a different partition and install the applications used with each
operating system on the same partition as the OS. If an application is used with two different operating systems,
install it on two partitions. Placing each operating system in a separate partition ensures that it will not overwrite
crucial files used by the other OS.
Install Latest OS Last

In general, you should install the most recent OS last—after you have installed all other operating systems on the
target computer. In this case, you should install Windows 2000 and then install Windows XP.
Unique Computer Name

You can set up a computer so that it has multiple installations of Windows XP on multiple partitions. However, you
must use a different computer name for each installation if the computer participates in a Windows 2000 Server
domain. Because a unique security identifier (SID) is used for each installation of Windows XP on a domain, the
computer name for each installation must be unique—even for multiple installations on the same computer.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows 2000 and Windows XP, review the following guidelines:
Install each operating system on a separate drive or disk partition.

Install Windows XP after you have installed Windows 2000.
When you perform a new installation of Windows XP (as opposed to an upgrade), by default, the installation is
placed on a partition on which no other operating system is located. You can specify a different partition during
Setup.
Don’t install Windows XP on a compressed drive unless the drive was compressed with the NTFS file system
compression feature.
On any partition where you perform a new installation of Windows XP (as opposed to an upgrade), you will need
to re-install any programs, such as word processing or e-mail software, after Setup is complete.
Install the programs used by each operating system on the partition with that system. If you want your programs
to run with multiple operating systems, you need to install separate copies of the programs in each of the
operating system partitions.
If the computer is on a Windows 2000 Server domain, each installation of Windows XP on that computer must
have a different computer name.
Computers Containing Windows NT 4.0 and Windows XP

Setting up a computer to run Windows XP as well as an earlier operating system such as Windows NT Workstation
4.0 requires addressing compatibility issues among different file systems: NTFS, FAT, and FAT32.
Normally, NTFS is the recommended file system because it supports important features, including the Active
Directory™ service and domain-based security. However, using NTFS as the only file system on a computer that
contains both Windows XP and Windows NT is not recommended. On these computers, a FAT or FAT32 partition
containing the Windows NT 4.0 operating system ensures that when started with Windows NT 4.0, the computer
will have access to needed files. In addition, if Windows NT is not installed on the system partition, which is
almost always the first partition on the disk, it is recommended that the system partition also be formatted with
FAT. This is because earlier operating systems, with one exception, can't access a partition if it uses the latest
version of NTFS. The one exception is Windows NT version 4.0 with Service Pack 4 or later, which has access to
partitions with the latest version of NTFS, but with some limitations.
Even the latest Service Pack does not provide access to files using the new features in NTFS. Windows NT 4.0
cannot access files that have been stored using NTFS features that did not exist when Windows NT 4.0 was
released. For example, a file that uses the new encryption feature won’t be readable when the computer is
started with Windows NT 4.0 Workstation, which was released before the encryption feature existed.
Note: If you set up a computer so that it starts with Windows NT 3.51 or earlier on a FAT partition, and Windows
XP on an NTFS partition, when that computer starts with Windows NT 3.51, the NTFS partition will not be visible.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows NT 4.0 and Windows XP, review the following guidelines:
As explained above, using NTFS as the only file system on a computer containing both Windows XP and Windows
NT is not recommended.
Make sure that Windows NT 4.0 has been updated with the latest released Service Pack available for download
before installing Windows XP.
placed on a partition on which no other operating system is located. You can specify a different partition during
Setup.
to re-install any programs, such as word processing or email software, after Setup is complete.
If the computer is on a Windows NT Server or Windows 2000 Server domain, each installation of Windows XP on
that computer must have a different computer name.
Computers Containing MS-DOS or Windows 9x and Windows XP

As explained above you need to address file system compatibility to ensure a multibooting configuration with
these earlier operating systems and Windows XP. Remember to install the latest operating system last otherwise
important files may be overwritten.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows XP and Windows 9x or MS-DOS, review the following guidelines:
On computers that contain MS-DOS and Windows XP:
MS-DOS must be installed on a basic disk on a partition formatted with FAT. If MS-DOS is not installed on the
system partition, which is almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must also be
formatted with FAT.
Windows XP must be installed last. Otherwise important files needed for starting Windows XP could be
overwritten.
On computers that contain Windows 95 and Windows XP:
As in the case above, Windows 95 must be installed on a basic disk on a partition formatted with FAT. (For
Windows 95 OSR2, FAT32 may be used.) If Windows 95 is not installed on the system partition, which is almost
always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must also be formatted with FAT (or FAT32 for Windows
95 OSR2).
Compressed DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes won’t be available while you are running Windows XP. It is not
necessary to uncompress DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes that you will access only with Windows 95.
overwritten.
On computers that contain Windows 98 (or Windows ME) and Windows XP:
As in the cases above, Windows 98 or Windows Millennium Edition (ME) must be installed on a basic disk on a
partition formatted with FAT or FAT32. If Windows 98 or Windows ME is not installed on the system partition,
which is almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must also be formatted with FAT or
FAT32.
Compressed DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes won’t be available while you are running Windows XP. It is not
necessary to uncompress DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes that you will access only with Windows 98.
overwritten.
Installation and How to :
The order of installation is critical if you want a successful multiboot installation. In general terms, install non–
Microsoft operating systems and earlier versions of the Windows operating system first. This would mean
installing UNIX or Linux operating systems first; then Windows 95 or Windows 98 or Windows Me; then Windows
NT; and finally, Windows 2000 and/or Windows XP. (In the unlikely event that you’re installing MS–DOS, you can
install that either before or after UNIX– or Linux–based operating systems, and generally I’d opt for before.) It’s
also important to understand that, without using a third–party product to help out, you can’t install non-Microsoft
operating systems, or Windows 95 and Windows 98 on the same computer, and that you can install only a single
version of Windows95/98/Me. But you can install as many different versions of Windows NT and later versions of
the Windows operating system as you have available logical drives, with the sole caveat that you must install all
Windows NT versions before you install any Windows 2000 or Windows XP versions.
Let’s take a typical installation. Our target computer must be able to boot into Windows 98, Windows NT 4
Workstation, Windows 2000 Professional, and Windows XP Professional. We have a 2–GB partition to hold our
programs and the whole thing must fit on a single 10–GB hard drive. No problem. First, we partition the hard
drive into two partitions: a 2–GB primary partition, and an 8-GB extended partition using FDisk. In the extended
partition, we’ll create four logical volumes—D, E, F and G—to hold our remaining operating systems and our
programs.
After the disk is partitioned, format the primary partition using the FAT16 file system and install Windows 98 on
it. So far so good. Now, format your D drive with FAT16 as well. Eventually, you’ll install your programs on D
drive.
Next, install Windows NT 4 Workstation. You will install this on any of the logical volumes not already used (either
E drive, F drive or G drive) and choose NTFS as your file system. Leave D drive alone, because your applications
go there where they’re visible to all operating systems. When you install Windows NT, it recognizes that you
already have Windows 98 on the computer. Then it automatically sets up for dual booting between Windows 98
and Windows NT by creating a boot.ini file, which creates a menu of available operating systems. After you have
Windows NT 4 installed, immediately apply Service Pack 6, before you install Windows 2000.
Finally, install Windows 2000 and Windows XP, each in its own logical volume. Again, choose NTFS as the file
system. As you install them, they are automatically added to the boot.ini file on your C drive, which lets you
choose operating systems at start up.
Don't Ignore the Windows Logo Key
The Windows logo key, located in the bottom row of most computer keyboards is a little-used treasure. Don't
ignore it. It is the shortcut anchor for the following commands: Windows: Display the Start menu Windows + D:
Minimize or restore all windows Windows + E: Display Windows Explorer Windows + F: Display Search for files
Windows + Ctrl + F: Display Search for computer Windows + F1: Display Help and Support Center Windows + R:
Display Run dialog box Windows + break: Display System Properties dialog box Windows + shift + M: Undo
minimize all windows Windows + L: Lock the workstation Windows + U: Open Utility Manager
Disable CD Autorun
( WinXP PRO Only)
1) Click Start, Run and enter GPEDIT.MSC
2) Go to Computer Configuration, Administrative Templates, System.
3) Locate the entry for Turn autoplay off and modify it as you desire.
Disable Attachment restrictions in Outlook from Office
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER > Software > Microsoft > Office > 10.0 >Outlook > Security]
"Level1Remove" = "exe;bat;vbs"
Create a Password Reset Disk
If you’re running Windows XP Professional as a local user in a workgroup environment, you can create a
password reset disk to log onto your computer when you forget your password. To create the disk:
1.Click Start, click Control Panel, and then click User Accounts.
2.Click your account name.
3.Under Related Tasks, click Prevent a forgotten password.
4.Follow the directions in the Forgotten Password Wizard to create a password reset disk.
5.Store the disk in a secure location, because anyone using it can access your local user account.
Copy Files and Folders to CDs
To copy files and folders to a CD
•Insert a blank, writable CD into the CD recorder.
•Click the files or folders you want to copy to the CD. To select more than one file, hold down the CTRL key while
you click the files you want. Then, under File and Folder Tasks, click Copy this file, Copy this folder, or Copy the
selected items.
•If the files are located in My Pictures, under Picture Tasks, click Copy to CD or Copy all items to CD, and then
skip to step 5.
•In the Copy Items dialog box, click the CD recording drive, and then click Copy.
•In My Computer, double–click the CD recording drive. Windows displays a temporary area where the files are
held before they are copied to the CD. Verify that the files and folders that you intend to copy to the CD appear
under Files Ready to be Written to the CD.
•Under CD Writing Tasks, click Write these files to CD. Windows displays the CD Writing Wizard. Follow the
instructions in the wizard.
Notes:
•Do not copy more files to the CD than it will hold. Standard CDs hold up to 650 megabytes (MB). High–capacity
CDs hold up to 850 MB.
•Be sure that you have enough disk space on your hard disk to store the temporary files that are created during
the CD writing process. For a standard CD, Windows reserves up to 700 MB of the available free space. For a
high–capacity CD, Windows reserves up to 1 gigabyte (GB) of the available free space.
•After you copy files or folders to the CD, it is useful to view the CD to confirm that the files are copied. For more
information, click Related Topics.
To stop the CD recorder from automatically ejecting the CD
•Right–click the CD recording drive, and then click Properties.
•On the Recording tab, clear the Automatically eject the CD after writing check box.
Convert a FAT Partition to the NTFS File System
In Windows XP, click Start, and then click Run.
Make XP boot even Faster

Microsoft has chosen a completely different path for XP and it's boot features by trying to incorporate as much
support for newer fastboot BIOSes that are on most current motherboards. They built XP in such a way as to
make it able to take advantage of features in these new BIOSes, and one of the coolest things is a small
application called bootvis. bootvis.
Bootvis watches everything that loads at boot time, from the moment the OS begins to load just after POST
(Power On Self-Test) to the moment you get to a usable Desktop. Some programs, most notably Norton AntiVirus
2002, suck up valuable seconds before you can actually DO anything even though you're at the Desktop. bootvis
generates a trace file that you load and can then "see" a visual representation of what's happening. Every file,
driver, hard drive read/write, etc., is recorded. You can then use bootvis to optimize the loading of files during the
boot sequence. bootvis will rearrange the ways these very files are stored on the hard drive, thereby improving
the boot time dramatically.
Speed Up Browsing
When you connect to a web site your computer sends information back and forth. Some of this information deals
with resolving the site name to an IP address, the stuff that TCP/IP really deals with, not words. This is DNS
information and is used so that you will not need to ask for the site location each and every time you visit the
site. Although Windows XP and Windows XP have a pretty efficient DNS cache, you can increase its overall
performance by increasing its size. You can do this with the registry entries below:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters]
"CacheHashTableBucketSize"=dword:00000001
"CacheHashTableSize"=dword:00000180
"MaxCacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000fa00
"MaxSOACacheEntryTtlLimit"=dword:0000012d
Make a new text file and rename it to dnscache.reg. Then copy and paste the above into it and save it. Merge it
into the registry.
Mega Shutdown and Restart Troubleshooting Guide
Thus far, Windows XP shutdown issues most resemble those of Windows Millennium Edition. That is, most of them
center around a very few issues, especially driver version and other legacy hardware and software compatibility
issues. These are detailed below. The driver and software issues are expected to resolve substantially as
hardware and software manufacturers release updated versions, now that Win XP has been officially launched.
Reboot Instead of Shutdown
The majority of shutdown problems reported with Windows XP thus far have been that it reboots when shutdown
is attempted. This may be a global symptom emerging from several distinct causes, because XP executes an
automatic restart in the event of a system failure. I'm guessing that this means that more or less anything
compromising the operating system during the shutdown process could force this reboot. If this is true, then our
job will be to prepare a series of steps suitable to isolate the most likely cause. Disabling the "restart on system
failure" feature may permit the exact cause to be isolated:
Right-click on My Computer and select Properties. Click the Advanced tab. Under 'Startup & Recovery,' click
Settings. Under 'System Failure,' uncheck the box in front of 'System reboot.'
Some things that have produced this reboot-instead-of-shutdown symptom are:
" By now, Roxio's Easy CD / Direct CD software is well documented as being a major cause - possibly the major
cause - of this undesirable shutdown behavior. On November 1, Roxio released new drivers to solve this problem
in Easy CD Creator 5 Platinum in its Windows XP updater for the Platinum product. A fix for Easy CD Creator 5
Basic is in the works. In the first few hours of its release, several peple have written me saying that this fix has
resolved their Windows XP shutdown problem. I suspect that < least>of the Windows XP shutdown problems will
go away with Roxio's release of this patch for Platinum and the pending patch for Basic. This has been the single
most common cause of Win XP shutdown problems thus far. One person after another has written to me with the
simple message that this reboot behavior went away as soon as they uninstalled Easy CD. HINT No. 1: PCBUILD
subscribers, by trial and error, identified the file CDRALW2K.SYS (version 1.0.0.1048) as the Roxio file that was
causing his shutdown problems and error conditions. When he deleted this one file, his problems went away.
HINT No.2: The Mystic Overclocker and others have reported that installing Easy CD 5.0 does not cause the
shutdown problem, provided they do not install the Direct CD component. Though this isn't universally true,
enough people have mentioned it by now for me to suggest it as a work-around.
Unassigned Device Drivers
PCBUILD subscribers have found that Windows XP won't shutdown properly if unsigned device drivers are used.
Since all necessary device drivers have not yet been created for Win XP, this will be a problem for the next few
months. It resembles the pattern for Win ME shutdown problems, because even today, many hardware
manufacturers have not prepared suitable drivers for use with ME.
SBLive: DEVLDR32.EXE PROBLEMS
In the early days of Win ME, one of the biggest culprits for shutdown issue was the Creative Labs SoundBlaster
Live. History repeated itself in the early stages of Win XP. This now has been fixed for some users (but not for all)
by the release of new drivers.
Here's the commonly reported scenario: On attempting shutdown, nothing at all appears to happen for a
prolonged period of time. Eventually, an "End Task" window appears wanting to terminate DEVLDR32.EXE. No
matter what one does, one ultimately is locked out of shutting down other than by a power switch shutoff. (This
problem exists with the SBLive in Windows 2000 also.)
In mid-July, Microsoft posted new Win XP drivers for the SBLive on the Windows Update site. According to
PCBUILD subscribers, these drivers solve the shutdown problem the SBLive was causing. I recommend you go to
Windows Update and download the new driver if you have an SBLive card. However, some users are reporting
that the DEVLDR problem continues to plague them even with the new drivers:
" In the event installing the new drivers does not solve your shutdown problem, try some of the solutions people
have been using prior to the release of these new drivers. PCBUILD subscribers have written that they solved the
well-documented SBLive/DEVLDR32 problem by downloading and installing the LiveService software. (We caution
that one should disable all antivirus software while executing this program. I do recommend that you at least
virus-check anything you download first!)
" PCBUILD subscribers" gave another solution to this problem: Uninstall the LiveWare software pack (of which
DEVLDR is part). Uninstall the SBLive card. Restart Windows, let it detect the new hardware, and use the
Windows XP driver. However, other users have reported that this isn't satisfactory because the XP native driver
gives very poor sound quality. If the new drivers work for you, they are definitely the preferred option.
3D PROPHET 4500 VIDEO CARD
Other video cards that have created problems are those based on the Kyro II video chip, such as the Hercules
Prophet 4500. PCBUILD subscribers have reported that until they removed the Kyro II / Prophet 4500, they could
shutdown, hibernate, or go to stand by just fine, but Restart wouldn't work - it would shutdown Windows instead.
Others with this video card have reported this strange behavior on both restart and shutdown.
Apparently, this problem is now solved. Microsoft reports that new drivers for this card, specific to Windows XP,
are now available from Hercules. At present, they remain uncertified (PowerVR, who makes the Kyro II chip, is
working on that), but they reportedly work just fine. Download the Kyro II drivers here.
SHUTDOWN HANGS ON "SAVING YOUR SETTINGS"
During shutdown or reboot, Win XP may hang (stop responding) at the "saving your settings" screen. During such
a hang, there is no response to Ctrl+Alt+Del; the mouse may or may not work. (The problem may be
intermittent.)
This is a known bug in Windows XP, for which Microsoft has a supported fix. Because this patch is scheduled for
further quality assurance testing in the future, Microsoft only recommends that you install it if you have a serious
problem; otherwise, they recommend waiting for Service Pack 1, which will include the more permanent version
of the fix. To learn how to get this patch, see Windows XP Stops Responding (Hangs) During Windows Shutdown.
As a workaround, we resolved this problem by dismantling the Windows XP logon Welcome screen. In the Control
Panel, click User Accounts, then click "Change the way users log on or off." Uncheck the box that says "Use the
Welcome screen." This removes the initial logon screen with individual icons for each user and, instead, pops up
the classic logon prompt that requires each user to type a user name and password.
"ShutMeDown" REGISTRY PATCH
Download the "ShutMeDown" Registry patch. Please follow sensible Registry editing protocol. Backup your
Registry before the change (or run System Restore to create a restore point). This is not the appropriate fix for
most machines, but does help a significant number. After installing, test Windows shutdown. If the fix does not
work for you, remove it by restoring the Registry to its prior state.
For those who want a little more background information, the fix provided by this patch is based on a Microsoft
Knowledge Base article Q155117 for Windows NT 4.0. It apparently still works in NT 5.1; that is, in Windows XP.
Stop Erros messages at shutdown
Some users have gotten an error message similar to the following when attempting either to shutdown or restart
Win XP:
STOP 0000009F, DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE

STOP 0x0000001E: KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED
STOP 0x000000D1: DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL
TechNet and the Microsoft Knowledge Base have numerous articles discussing this type of error condition; for
example, these. As a review of these articles will show, these are commonly device driver problems, but may also
be caused by troublesome software (such as the notorious CrashGuard), or a problem in a system service. MSKB
article Q262575 discusses a shutdown problem of this type, known to exist in Windows 2000 due to a resource
(IRQ) conflict, if you have PACE Interlok anti-piracy software installed. This problem may occur in Windows XP as
well.
Try the following as one approach to these problems: Restart the computer. Press F8 during the restart and select
"Last Known Good Configuration." If you catch the problem when it first occurs (meaning you likely have installed
only one or two drivers or new service), this will return you to a previous working condition.
It has been reported by a PCBUILD Subscriber that these STOP code error message occur when Windows XP is
trying to shut down devices. He says that he has seen this twice: once with Logitech Quickcam installed (with an
unsupported driver), and once with a USB DSL modem that would hang if it wasn't disconnected before
shutdown.
Shutdown Works but its real slow
If it appears that Win XP is not shutting down, give it some time. Some users have reported a minute or longer
for shutdown to visibly start. Thus far, it appears that this is a consequence of software that is running when
shutdown is attempted, and it also may have something to do with particular hardware. If you are experiencing
this problem, be sure to close all running programs before attempting shutdown and see if this solves your
problem. If so, then you can determine, by trial and error, which program(s) are involved.
One specific solution for this can be found: In Control Panel | Administrative Tools | Services. (You can also get
this by launching SERVICES.MSC from a Run box. This utility is also built into the Computer Management
console.) Stop the Nvidia Driver Helper service. Many other newsgroup participants quickly confirmed that this
solved this "extremely slow shutdown" problem for them.
Powerdown Issues
"Powerdown issues" are quite distinctive from "shutdown issues." I define a shutdown problem as one wherein
Windows doesn't make it at least to the "OK to shut off your computer" screen. If Windows gets that far, or
farther, then it has shut down correctly. However, the computer may not powerdown correctly after that. This is a
different problem, and I encourage people reporting these issues to make a clear distinction in their labeling.
When Windows XP won't powerdown automatically, the APM/NT Legacy Power Node may not be enabled. To
enable this, right-click on the My Computer icon, click Properties | Hardware | Device Manager | View. Check the
box labeled "Show Hidden Devices." If it's available on your computer, there will be a red X on the APM/NT
Legacy Node. Try enabling it and see if this resolves the powerdown problem. (Tip from Terri Stratton.)
This should resolve the powerdown issue in most cases. However, other factors can sometimes interfere with
correct powerdown functioning. In that case, consider the following tips:
" If you changing the default power settings in the BIOS, it can lead to a powerdown problem. Restoring all BIOS
power settings to default will likely fix it.
PCBUILD subscribers reported that, when the above didn't work , they restored powerdown functioning by
disabling his CD-ROM's AutoRun feature. The fastest way to do this is with the "Disable AutoRun" Registry patch
which you can download here.
Other Known Issues and Hints
" BIOS UPGRADE. As with every new operating system that comes along - especially one that is as much of a
"step up" as Windows XP is from Windows 9x - the recommendation is made to be sure your BIOS is updated.
Many people have reported that this has solved their shutdown problems (and had other advantages) with Win
XP, just as it has in earlier versions of Windows.
Quick Switching user Accounts

One reported quirk affecting shutdown is the three-account shuffle. Windows XP gives the ability to rapidly
bounce between user accounts, with Win+L. If at least three user accounts exist, and you quick-switch through
all three, and then log off all three in reverse order - "backing out" in an orderly way - then the machine may
hang on shutdown. There may be other variations of account shuffling that cause this, but this one, clear
example was provided by newsgroup correspondent John Ward. So far, I have no concrete clue on what may be
occurring here.
Get The Drivers You Need
- Visit Windows Update (XP Only)

- Look at the left hand pane and under Other Options click Personalize Windows Update.
- Now in the right hand pane check the box - Display the link to the Windows Update Catalog under See Also
- Below Choose which categories and updates to display on Windows Update - make sure you check all the boxes
you want shown.
- Click Save Settings
- Now look in the left hand pane under See Also click Windows Update Catalog and choose what you're looking
for. Choose either MS updates or drivers for hardware devices.
- Start the Wizard and off you go.
There are a TON of drivers there. I highly recommend you take a look at this page prior to downloading
something from the web.
Save Your New Downloads
Since some people are still using modems and since MS is issuing patches right and left for XP wouldn't it be nice
if after you downloaded all the updates you could save them? Well, you can and MS has provided a way for you to
do it.
Here's How:
- Logon to Windows Update
- Choose Windows Update Catalogue (left hand pane)
- Choose Find updates for Microsoft Windows operating systems (right hand pane)
- Choose your version and language then Search
- Choose one the following:
- Critical Updates and Service Packs
- Service Packs and Recommended Downloads
- Multi-Language Features (0)
- Once chosen simply click on what you want to download and then back at the top click Review Download Basket
- You are taken to the next page where at the top you can specify where the downloads are to be saved.
- Click Download now.
Each patch will make a directory under the root of the folder you saved them to. Once finished you need to go to
where you saved the file (s) to and then simply install all your patches.
Read-me's are available in each patch section so you know which one you are installing.
How Do I Install Net Meeting
Wondering how to install Netmeeting on Windows XP? Well you don't have to install it! Why? It is already pre-
installed with Windows XP, but (by design they say) it isn't linked to anywhere on your programs menu. Here is
how to load it:
1: Click START then RUN

2: Enter "conf" without the quotes
That's it - now you can Netmeet to your hearts content.

Crackling Sound With Soundblaster Cards
This seems like a strange problem with Windows XP. Some users are noticing scratchy, popping sound with their
SoundBlaster cards and Windows XP..I have come to the conclusion that this is happening the most often on PC's
that contain RAID setups such as a Highpoint controller.
The main fix I have come across is to install Raid drivers OTHER than those that shipped with Windows XP. For
instance on my Raid setup, I went back to a older Windows 2000 driver and this has almost completely stopped
my sound problems.
Change The Taskbar Group Size
By default taskbar grouping will happen when you have three or more of the same program windows open. We
have found the registry key to change the settings so that, if you prefer, Windows XP will wait till you open even
more of the same program windows before they start to group. Here is an overview of Taskbar Grouping first:
Overview
The taskbar can become crowded with buttons when you are working with multiple programs at the same time.
For this reason, Windows provides a feature to help you manage a large number of open documents and program
items. The taskbar button grouping feature works in two ways. First, taskbar buttons for documents opened by
the same program are always displayed in the same area of the taskbar so you can find your documents easily.
Second, if you have many documents open in the same program, Windows combines all the documents into one
taskbar button that is labeled with the name of the program. A triangle on the right side of the button indicates
that many documents are open in this program. The single button provides access to all the open documents. To
access one of the open documents, click the triangle on the taskbar button, and then click a document name in
the list. To act on all the open documents at the same time, use the right-click menu. For example, right-clicking
the triangle gives you a menu that lets you close all the open documents.
The Tip
Click here to download the registry key to enable user defined grouping. It's currently set at 3, if you want to
change this number open the .reg file in notepad and edit the line:
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced]
"TaskbarGroupSize"=dword:00000003
Change this to whatever number you wish explorer to group at. i.e. change it to dword:00000008 if you wanted
explorer to group on 8, or dword:00000005 if you want explorer to group on 5. Save the file after editing to the
number and then click on the file you have edited. It will ask you if you want to enter this entry into the registry,
click yes. You will then be notified if the key has been added to your registry correctly.
Set Permissions for Shared Files and Folders
Sharing of files and folders can be managed in two ways. If you chose simplified file sharing, your folders can be
shared with everyone on your network or workgroup, or you can make your folders private. (This is how folders
are shared in Windows 2000.) However, in Windows XP Professional, you can also set folder permissions for
specific users or groups. To do this, you must first change the default setting, which is simple file sharing. To
change this setting, follow these steps:
1. Open Control Panel, click Tools, and then click Folder Options.
2. Click the View tab, and scroll to the bottom of the Advanced Settings list.
3. Clear the Use simple file sharing (Recommended) check box.
4. To manage folder permissions, browse to the folder in Windows Explorer, right-click the folder, and then click
Properties. Click the Security tab, and assign permissions, such as Full Control, Modify, oRead, and/or Write, to
specific users.
You can set file and folder permissions only on drives formatted to use NTFS, and you must be the owner or have
been granted permission to do so by the owner.
Wizard in Windows XP Professional will automatically provide all of the network settings you need to share one
Internet connection with all the computers in your network. Each computer can use programs such as Internet
Explorer and Outlook Express as if they were directly connected to the Internet.
Enabling ICS
The ICS host computer needs two network connections. The local area network connection, automatically created
by installing a network adapter, connects to the computers on your home or small office network. The other
connection, using a 56k modem, ISDN, DSL, or cable modem, connects the home or small office network to the
Internet. You need to ensure that ICS is enabled on the connection that has the Internet connection. By doing
this, the shared connection can connect your home or small office network to the Internet, and users outside
your network are not at risk of receiving inappropriate addresses from your network.
When you enable ICS, the local area network connection to the home or small office network is given a new static
IP address and configuration. Consequently, TCP/IP connections established between any home or small office
computer and the ICS host computer at the time of enabling ICS are lost and need to be reestablished. For
example, if Internet Explorer is connecting to a Web site when Internet Connection Sharing is enabled, refresh
the browser to reestablish the connection. You must configure client machines on your home or small office
network so TCP/IP on the local area connection obtains an IP address automatically. Home or small office network
users must also configure Internet options for Internet Connection Sharing. To enable Internet Connection
Sharing (ICS) Discovery and Control on Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium
Edition computers, run the Network Setup Wizard from the CD or floppy disk on these computers. For ICS
Discovery and Control to work on Windows 98, Windows 98 Second Edition, and Windows Millennium Edition
computers, Internet Explorer version 5.0 or later must be installed.

Open Network Connections. (Click Start, click Control Panel, and then double-click Network Connections.)
Click the dial-up, local area network, PPPoE, or VPN connection you want to share, and then, under Network
If you want this connection to dial automatically when another computer on your home or small office network
attempts to access external resources, select the Establish a dial-up connection whenever a computer on my
network attempts to access the Internet check box.
In Automatic configuration, clear the Automatically detect settings and Use automatic configuration script check
boxes.
Step-by-Step Guide to Migrating Files and Settings
This guide walks you through the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard, which eases the process of copying files and
settings from your old computer to a new computer. It is intended for home users, small office users, or users in
a "lightly managed" corporate environment.
Introduction
Getting a new computer often requires repeating much of the same setup configuration you originally did with
your old computer. And even after all the reconfiguration, you still don't have your data from the old computer.
Locating this data and figuring our how to move it can be a significant challenge. The Windows® XP operating
system streamlines this process with the new Files and Settings Transfer Wizard. By providing clear instructions
at each step, the wizard walks you through the process of automatically gathering your files and settings from
your old computer and transferring them to your new computer.
The wizard is designed for users in a home or small office environment. The wizard is also useful in a corporate
network environment for employees who get a new computer and need to migrate their own files and settings
without the support of an IT department or Helpdesk.
The wizard provides a rich set of options that walk you through the process of migrating to a new computer.
You can:
" Choose how to store files and settings that are migrated. The wizard supports copying old files and settings via:
" 3.5 inch disks or other removable media.

" A direct cable connection from your old computer to your new computer.
" A drive on a home network.
" Customize which files and settings get migrated. If you already know exactly which files and settings you want
to migrate, you can add or remove files directly in the wizard.
Copying files to a home network drive is the fastest method. If you don't have a home network, try using a direct
cable connection between your computers. Because the wizard uses auto detection to configure ports for the
cable, you don't need to go through any complicated setup procedures.
Finally, using 3.5-inch disks takes the most time as you will usually need one-two disks to migrate settings and
five-ten disks to migrate files and settings. The wizard prompts you for each disk as it collects and saves your
files and settings on your old computer. When you run the wizard on your new computer, the wizard prompts you
to insert the disks in order. Despite the extra time involved, floppy disks remain a viable, low-tech solution that
you may wish to use.
This guide walks you through this process using the following scenarios:
" Migrating to a new computer.
" Migrating to a new computer on your home network.
" Migrating to a new computer using a direct cable connection.
" Migrating to a clean installation of Windows XP.
When migrating files and settings for multiple computers in a corporate environment, administrators should use
the User State Migration Tool, a command line tool. For more information, see the white paper, "User State
Migration in Windows XP."
What Gets Migrated?
This section summarizes the types of files and settings that are migrated.
Migrated Settings
The settings fall into four major groups:

" Appearance. This includes items such as wallpaper, colors, sounds, and the location of the taskbar.
" Action. This includes items such as the key repeat rate, whether double-clicking a folder opens it in a new
window or the same window, and whether you need to double-click or single-click an item to open it.
" Internet. These are the settings that let you connect to the Internet and control how your browser operates.
This includes items such as your home page URL, favorites or bookmarks, cookies, security settings, dial-up
connections, and proxy settings.
" Mail. This includes the information you need to connect to your mail server, your signature file, views, mail
rules, local mail, and contacts. The mail clients supported are Outlook® and Outlook Express.
Application settings
The wizard currently supports migrating specific application settings including Microsoft Office (Access, Excel,
Outlook®, PowerPoint®, and Word). Support for migrating additional applications will be included when Windows
XP is released.
Note that only applications settings are migrated; actual applications are not migrated. You will need to re-install
applications on your new computer.
Summary of migrated settings
Migrated setting groups include:
" Internet Explorer settings
" Outlook Express settings and store
" Outlook settings and store
" Dial-Up connections
" Phone and modem options
" Accessibility
" Screen saver selection
" Fonts
" Folder options
" Taskbar settings
" Mouse and keyboard settings
" Sounds settings
" Regional options
" Office settings
" Network drives and printers
" Desktop folder
" My Documents folder
" My Pictures folder
" Favorites folder
" Cookies folder
" Common Office file types
Migrated Files
Files are migrated by file type (.DOC), folder (C:\My Documents), or specific name (C:\Important\money.mny).
The wizard moves many of the common file types and folders by default and gives you the option of adding or
removing folders, file types, or specific files.
Migrating to a New Computer
In this scenario, you migrate files from an old computer to a new computer. The old computer contains your
current settings that you would like to have on your new computer.
Starting the wizard on your new computer
1. Click Start, All Programs, Accessories, System Tools, Files and Settings Transfer Wizard. When the Welcome to
the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard page appears, click Next.
2. Ensure New Computer is selected and click Next.
3. When the Do you have a Windows XP CD page appears, select I want to create a Wizard Disk in the following
drive: and click Next.
4. Insert a blank and formatted 3.5 inch floppy disk into your new computer's floppy drive. The wizard creates
the disk and prompts you to go to your old computer. If your browser does not support inline frames, click here
to view on a separate page.
Starting the wizard on your old computer
1. Insert the wizard disk into your old computer. When the Welcome to the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard
page appears, click Next.
2. When the Select a transfer method page appears, select Floppy drive or other removable media and click Next.
The What do you want to transfer page appears.
If your browser does not support inline frames, click here to view on a separate page.
This page lets you select settings only, files only, or both files and settings. Details of each option appear in the
right pane.
3. For the purposes of getting started with this wizard, select Settings only and click Next.
4. Prepare your 3.5-inch disks. For settings, you may need only one disk. For files and settings, you usually need
no more than five or ten 3.5-inch disks for this. When your 3.5-inch disks are ready and formatted, click Next.
The wizard scans your old computer and collects all of the settings you requested to migrate. This usually takes a
few minutes, depending on the speed of your computer.
5. When prompted for the first 3.5-inch disk, select one of the blank 3.5-inch disks you have prepared, label it
Migration 1, insert it, and click OK.
6. If you are prompted for additional 3.5-inch disks, select another blank 3.5-inch disk, label it the next disk, and
so on until the wizard completes.
7. When the Completing the Collection phase page appears, click Finish and collect all of the 3.5-inch disks you
just made.
8. Return to your new computer and continue with the wizard.
Resuming the wizard on your new computer
1. The wizard that you left running on your new computer should still be on the page as shown in Figure 1 earlier.
Click Next.
2. When the Where are the Files and Settings page appears, select Floppy drive or other removable media and
click Next.
3. Insert the disk labeled Migration 1 (the first disk you created) into the 3.5-inch disk drive. Select Floppy Drive
(if not already selected) and click Next.
4. The wizard reads the collected files and settings from the 3.5-inch disks and applies them to your new
computer. Insert each disk as prompted.
5. When all of the disks have been inserted and the settings and files have been applied, the wizard will reach the
Finished page. Click Finished. For the changes to take effect, you are prompted to restart your computer.
Migrating to a New Computer on Your Home Network
A home network is a faster and simpler way to migrate your files and settings from your old computer to your
new computer. This scenario assumes you have two computers-an old computer and a new computer-on a home
network. This means that, before migrating, you will need to ensure that your new computer running Windows XP
can "recognize" your old computer on the network. The old computer contains your current settings and files that
you want have on your new computer.
the disk and prompts you to go to your old computer.
1. Insert the wizard disk Into your old computer.
2. When the Welcome to the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard page appears, click Next.
3. When the Select a Transfer Method page appears, select Home or small office network, and click Next .
Selecting a transfer method.
4. When the What do you want to transfer page appears, select Both Files and Settings. Click Next.
5. The wizard scans your old computer and collects all of the settings you requested to migrate. This usually
takes a few minutes.
6. You are prompted to enter the password displayed on your new computer. Enter the password and click OK.
When the files and settings are collected, they are automatically transferred to your new computer. The new
computer will then apply those settings.
7. When the wizard finishes collecting and transferring the files and settings, it reaches the completion page.
Click Finish and return to your new computer.
Resuming the wizard on your new computer
1. The Files and Settings Transfer Wizard on your new computer is already applying your files and settings to
your new computer. Wait until it is finished.
2. When all the settings and files have been applied, the wizard reaches the Finished page. Click Finished. For the
changes to take effect, you need to restart the computer.
This is a much faster and more complete way to migrate your files and settings than using a 3.5-inch disk, but it
does require you to have a home network. Another way to transfer files and settings is via a direct cable
connection explained below.
Migrating to a New Computer Using a Direct Cable Connection
A simple way to migrate files and settings is to use a direct cable that connects your computers via the serial
ports. You will need a serial PC to PC file transfer cable, available from most computer stores. If you don't know
the exact type of cable you need, ask for assistance at a computer store.
the disk and prompts you to go to your old computer
1. Insert the wizard disk Into your old computer.

When the Select a Transfer Method page appears, select Direct Cable and click Next.
Direct cable connection.
When the Set up your serial connection page appears, complete the following steps.
o Connect your computers with a serial PC to PC file transfer cable.

o Go to the other computer and advance the wizard to the Set up your serial connection page.
o Click Autodetect on both wizards to select the serial port setting.
When the wizard shows a successful connection, click Next.
The wizard automatically transfers your files and settings to your new computer. You will need to restart your
computer for the changes to take effect.
Although both of the preceding scenarios did copy your files and settings, these defaults don't cover all situations
and file types. The following scenario describes how to customize the selection of what is migrated.
Migrating to a Clean Installation Of Windows XP
This advanced scenario assumes you have only one computer and are going to perform a clean installation of
Windows XP side-by-side with an existing installation of Windows. First, you need to complete a clean installation
of Windows XP on your computer, at a different location on your hard drive than your current installation. (It is
important you do not choose upgrade, but a clean installation.) You also want to be sure not to overwrite your old
installation. The computer will need to be able to boot into either operating system. This scenario assumes that
you have already completed this dual installation. For more information, see Multibooting with Windows 2000 and
Windows XP at http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/techinfo/administration/management/mltiboot.asp.
Starting the wizard on your old operating system
1. Start your computer by booting into your old operating system. Insert the Windows XP CD.
2. When the Windows XP Welcome screen appears, click Perform Additional Tasks, then click Transfer
Files and Settings
4. When the Select a transfer method page appears, select Other, and then click Browse to select a folder that
has enough room to store the collected files and settings. You will probably need at least 150 megabytes (MB).
Note that later you will need to locate the folder in which you stored the files and settings. Click Next.
The What do you want to transfer page appears allowing you to select settings only, files only, or both files and
settings. When you select an option, the page displays a list of what will be migrated.
5. Select Both Files and Settings and select Let me select a custom list of files and settings when I click Next .
Specifying files and settings for migration
6. Click Next. The Select custom files and settings page appears.
Customizing files and settings for migration.
On the Select custom files and settings page, you can add or remove known settings, file types, folders, or
specific files. In this scenario, you will want to migrate the default folders, because these are located in a different
place in Windows XP; however, you don't need to migrate any of the file types. You can access those files where
they are now.
7. Select each of the items in the File Type's tree and click Remove. Leave all of the settings. When all of the File
Types have been removed, click Next.
The wizard now scans your existing Windows installation and collects all of the settings you requested to migrate.
This usually takes a few minutes.
8. When the wizard finishes collecting the files and settings, the completion page appears. Click Finish.
Starting the wizard on Windows XP
1. Start your computer by booting into Windows XP. Open the File and Settings Transfer Wizard.
2. When the Do you have a Windows XP CD page appears, select I don't need the Wizard Disk. I have already
collected my files and settings from my old computer. Click Next.
3. When the Where are your files and settings page appears, select Other and click Browse. Go to the folder
share drive where you stored your files.
The wizard begins reading the collected files and settings and applies them to your new installation.
4. When the settings and files have been applied, the completion page appears. Click Finished. For the changes to
take effect, you need to restart your computer and boot into your Windows XP installation.
Your files and settings from your old installation should now be applied on your new installation of Windows XP.
Some files are duplicated between the two installations, such as files on your desktop, in Favorites, or in My
Documents. Other items, such as your mail store, are also duplicated.
Summary
This guide walks you through the Files and Settings Transfer Wizard and explains all the steps needed to
successfully use this powerful tool. The wizard streamlines the process of using a new computer by making it
easy to duplicate your old computing environment and keep all your settings such as Favorites in Internet
Explorer.
Copying your files is also made easier. Although uising a home network is the fastest way to copy files, 3.5 inch
disks remain a viable option for many users who don't have a network at home.
Furthermore, the wizard can also be useful in a "lightly managed" corporate environments where users are
expected to migrate their own files and settings without very much assistance from IT support professionals.
For large scale automated migrations, IT professionals should employ the User State Migration Tool, explained in
the companion paper User State Migration in Windows XP at
http://www.microsoft.com/TechNet/prodtechnol/winxppro/deploy/usermigr.asp.
Related Links
User State Migration in Windows XP at http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/pro/techinfo/howitworks/userstate

Multibooting with Windows 2000 and Windows XP at
http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/techinfo/administration/management/mltiboot.asp
For the latest information on Windows XP, check out our Web site at
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/winxppro/default.asp.
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Make Use Of Your Windows Key
The Windows logo key, located in the bottom row of most computer keyboards is a little-used treasure. Don't'
ignore it. It is the shortcut anchor for the following commands:
Windows: Display the Start menu

Windows + D: Minimize or restore all windows
Windows + E: Display Windows Explorer
Windows + F: Display Search for files
Windows + Ctrl + F: Display Search for computer
Windows + F1: Display Help and Support Center
Windows + R: Display Run dialog box
Windows + break: Display System Properties dialog box
Windows + shift + M: Undo minimize all windows
Windows + L: Lock the workstation
Windows + U: Open Utility Manager
Windows + Q: Quick switching of users (Powertoys only)
Windows + Q: Hold Windows Key, then tap Q to scroll thru the different users on your PC
What is the difference between Home and Professional editions
The features of Windows XP Home and Pro are very similar. Most home users have no need to the Professional
version. Windows XP Pro has support for multiple processors and an encrypted file system.
Minimum system requirements
• PC with 300 megahertz (MHz) or higher processor clock speed recommended; 233-MHz minimum
required;* Intel Pentium/Celeron family, AMD K6/Athlon/Duron family, or compatible processor
recommended
• 128 megabytes (MB) of RAM or higher recommended (64 MB minimum supported; may limit
performance and some features)
• 1.5 gigabyte (GB) of available hard disk space.
• Super VGA (800 × 600) or higher resolution video adapter and monitor
• CD-ROM or DVD drive
• Keyboard and Microsoft Mouse or compatible pointing device
What are the design goals for Windows XP? What does it improve
• Richer communications. Real-time voice, video and application-sharing will enable people to
communicate more effectively.
• Enhanced mobility. Mobile users' ability to access their information any time, anywhere will be further
improved.
• Improved help and support. Users will be able to easily connect to people and resources for help
whenever they need it.
• Simple digital photos and video. Windows XP will make it easy to create, organize and share digital
memories.
• Exciting music and entertainment. Windows XP will deliver the best experience for the discovery,
download, personalization and playback of high-quality audio and video content.
• Enabling of the "connected home." Windows XP will give people an easy way to share information,
devices and Internet connections within the home.
Do most of my programs from Windows 9* work in Windows XP
Most programs that work on Windows 95/98/Me and NT will work on Windows XP. As with Windows 2000, several
compatibility updates are sure to made after the product is released. There will be problems running older DOS
programs (if they will run at all).
Error: Installing XP on an Asus UDMA 100 Board.
For those who are getting this error when you try to install WinXP on a motherboard that has UDMA 100 Promise
Controllers you need to do the following in order to get XP to install correctly if your hard drives are connected to
the UDMA 100 controller.
Now there are two ways to get XP installed, the first one I am going to mention is the easiest way and the second
is a bit more complicated but will work never the less.
#1 - Easiest Way
I have an Asus A7V motherboard and I have run into this more than once. What you need to do (this is the
easiest way to do it that I have found) is to move your hard drives cable off the UDMA 100 controller (normally
color coded blue) over to the UDMA 66 master controller on the motherboard. Once you have done that make
sure your PC still boots into your current OS correctly. If it does then start your XP install or upgrade. Everything
should be fine.
Now, once XP is up right click My Computer and choose Manage. Look under Device manager and you will see an
error with a yellow exclamation point on it. Right click on it and install the Promise Drivers.
Once you have the drivers installed re-boot the system and make sure the yellow exclamation points are gone
and the promise drivers are listed under SCSI devices, if they are then turn off your system, move the HD's back
to the UDMA 100 controller and boot it up. That should fix it.
Another option is to check the MS web site once you have XP installed and BEFORE you move your controller
back to the UDMA 100 slot for XP compatible Promise drivers.
See this FAQ on how to do a manual search for the drivers when you are on the new XP Windows Update site.
#2 - Fresh Install
If you plan on installing XP to a freshly formatted hard drive the easiest way I have found to do this is to use the
above method but for those with only one UDMA 66 controller on there motherboard you may need to do the
following:
- First use the URL above and download the Promise drivers I have here on the site.
- Second you need to extract the drivers to a floppy making sure when you extracted the above file that you left
the directories/folders as they were. This is VERY important!
If you used WinZip to extract the files I have made the directories for you. Simply unzip them to a floppy and out
it aside. The key to this whole process is the Textsetup.oem file. Windows XP setup must see that in the root of
the floppy.
<<<< It should look like this once your done. Reboot and start your install..
Now pay attention here - at the bottom of the very first blue setup screen you will see a prompt to hit F6 to
install third party SCSI or RAID drivers. HIT F6 A FEW TIMES NOW!!! Now it might take a couple of seconds but
you should be prompted to insert your drivers into your floppy drive. Do so and choose the Promise ATA100
controller for Windows 2000. Keep this disk handy as you will be prompted for it one more time during the install.
Once XP has the drivers and loads them successfully XP should install just fine, well at least as far as the
controller goes.
Using Windows XP Help and Support Center
Although most Windows programs include an individualized Help program, which you can access by clicking Help
from their menus, Windows XP also includes an all-encompassing Help program. It helps with general Windows
questions, as well your computer in general. To start using it, choose Help and Support Center from the Start
menu. The program rises to the screen.
The Windows Help and Support Center works much like a Web site. To move back one page, click the little green
Back arrow in the upper left corner. That arrow helps you out if you've backed into a corner. Just click it to move
on to a more helpful page.
The Help and Support Center offers assistance in these categories:
Pick a Help Topic: Click these to see general information about a topic. Clicking Customizing Your Computer, for
example, displays a list of things that you can change about your computer. Choose Your Start Menu from the
list, and the Help menu lists how to add items to the Start menu, change the way they open when clicked, or
tweak the menu's list of recently used files and documents.
Ask for Assistance: Stumped? Here are two ways of bringing in outside help. The Remote Assistance program lets
you invite a savvier Windows XP user to connect to your computer through the Internet. When the Geek connects
to your computer, he sees your desktop on his screen. He can walk you through problems, offer tutorials, and
behave as if he were standing over your shoulder. If you're not into that kind of computer intimacy, try the other
option: Contact Microsoft for Help, or connect to help sites through the Internet.
Pick a Task: Microsoft placed the most commonly used items here. One click enables you to keep your computer
up-to-date, find Windows XP-compatible parts for your computer, restore your computer back to a time when it
worked well, and run diagnostic tools to view information and test your computer.
Did You Know?: Windows XP tosses little updated tips here. You may just get lucky and spot one that's useful.
For best results, start your quest for help by glancing at the Pick a Help Topic area. If your troublesome spot is
listed here, click it and begin narrowing down the search for pertinent information.
If that doesn't help, use the Search command at the page's top. Type in a key word or two describing your
problem and click the green arrow next to the Search box. Typing e-mail, for instance, brings up 30 bits of
information. Click any of the suggested topics to see if they solve your problem.
The Search command groups its results in three areas. Suggested Topics, the first and most valuable, lists
troubleshooters, step-by-step tutorials, and general information. The Full-text Search Matches area lists any area
containing the words you searched for. The last, Microsoft Knowledge Base, shows any results found in a
Microsoft-created database listing information about all its products. (Microsoft Knowledge Base requires an
Internet connection.)
Using Remote Assistance in Windows XP
It's late at night, and your computer is acting weird. What did you do wrong? Luckily, your co-worker's kid across
town just got Windows XP, and he's already mastered it. But his parents won't let him out at night. If only he
could fix your computer for you. . . .
With Windows XP's Remote Assistance, he can. If you turn on Remote Assistance, another person can log onto
your computer and control it, just as if they were sitting in front of it. They can tweak your computer, setting up
what needs to be done, and your computer will run as good as new. (At least, that's the concept.)
To load Remote Assistant, click the Start button, choose Help and Support and choose Remote Assistance. Choose
Invite Someone to Help You from the program's screen, and send a message using Outlook Express or Microsoft
MSN Messenger. The recipient accepts your request, and he or she sees your computer's screen on their monitor.
You two chat back and forth, typing messages, and the helpful soul moves around your mouse, clicking the right
things, until the situation is fixed.
Expect to see it used by technical support staffs in the future.
Understanding My Music in Windows XP
The My Music folder is the place where Windows automatically saves all the audio clips you download from the
Internet or save on your hard drive with Windows Media Player. The My Music folder, like My Pictures, is an
automatic part of the My Documents folder.
To open the My Music folder from the Windows XP desktop, click the Start button and then click My Music
(normally third from the top in the right-hand column in the Start pop-up menu). To open this folder from
another folder, such as My Computer, click the Address bar drop-down button (on the right side) and then click
My Documents at the top of the pop-up list (right below Desktop at the very top). You can then open My Music by
double-clicking that folder icon (the one with the music note in it) in the My Documents window.
Like the folders in My Pictures, the folders in My Music appear in thumbnail view. To play a particular audio file
that you've saved in the My Music folder with Windows Media Player, right-click the file icon and then click Play on
the shortcut menu. Windows Media Player opens and begins playing your selection.
To play all the audio files in a particular folder, click the folder icon before clicking the Play All hyperlink in the
Music Tasks section of the My Music folder. To play all of the audio clips and tracks saved in the My Music folder,
make sure that no folder or file is selected before you click the Play All hyperlink.
Turning Off the Licensing Feature in Windows XP
Everybody but the record industry agrees that the Microsoft licensing feature is awful. Luckily, you have a way to
turn it off:
1. Choose Options from Media Player's Tools menu.
2. Click the Copy Music tab.
3. Remove any check mark from the box marked Protect Content.
If no check mark is there, Media Player doesn't embed any license or copy protection in your copied files.
Disabling the licensing feature lets you copy your files to any of your computers and portable music devices.
Radio and the Windows Media Player
Select a Preset Station
Windows Media Player for Windows XP features preset Web radio stations that make listening a snap. It's an easy
way to get started and a great introduction to the music capabilities of Windows XP. Once you're on the Internet,
you can tune in Web radio.
To listen to Internet radio
Click Start, point to All Programs, and then click Windows Media Player.
Click Radio Tuner.
Double-click a preset Web radio station from the list of featured presets.
That’s all there is to it. Loading a station usually takes a few seconds, after which playing begins automatically.
Create Your Own Presets

Of course, you’re not limited to listening only to preset stations. After all, Internet radio is all about choice. It’s
easy to find interesting new stations and create your own presets.
To create preset radio stations
Click Start, and then click Windows Media Player.

Click Radio Tuner.
Click Find More Stations.
Search for stations by keyword or zip code (U.S. only), or browse through editor's selections in genres from Jazz
& Blues to Modern Rock to New Age to Sports Radio and more.
Click Use Advanced Search to search for stations based on genre, language, country, and more criteria.
If you find a station that looks interesting, you can click it for more information. To create a preset, click Add to
My Stations.
When you are finished, click Return to My Stations.
Click any station in My Stations to play it.
Note Because Radio Tuner contains a live Web page that is hosted by WindowsMedia.com, the process for adding
radio stations may change without notice.
Streaming Audio
Web radio is broadcast by a method called streaming. Instead of sending out a constant signal, the station sends
out audio in batches, or packets, across the Internet to reach your computer. Each packet is separately
numbered, and the data it contains is compressed (reduced in size) for speedier delivery. When the computer
receives packets, it decompresses (reconstitutes) their data and plays them in their proper order. The effect is the
same as if the information was delivered by means of a continuous signal.
Packets might travel by separate routes to reach your computer and might arrive out of order. To allow for delays,
your computer initially stores packets instead of playing them until enough have arrived to fill the time it takes to
receive any missing packets before it is their turn to play. The storing process is called buffering. Without
streaming audio Web radio would not be possible, and full-length media files would take ages to download.
Take your favorite tunes with you transfer music to a portable player
Take your favorite tunes with you when you jog or work out at the gym. Windows Media Player for Windows XP is
set up to make the transfer of music to portable players as simple as 1-2-3. And since the music is stored on your
computer hard drive, you can keep refilling your portable player as often as you want.
To transfer music to a portable player
Connect your portable player to your computer, according to the directions supplied with the player.
Click Start, point to All Programs, and then click Windows Media Player.
Click Copy to CD or Device. If necessary, click the player to which you want to copy music.
Choose a playlist from the Music to Copy drop-down menu.
Clear the check boxes beside any tracks you do not want to copy.
Click Copy Music.
Shutting Down Windows XP
Although the big argument used to be about saturated and unsaturated fats, today's generation has found a new
source of disagreement: Should a computer be left on all the time or turned off at the end of the day? Both
camps have decent arguments, and there's no real answer (except that you should always turn off your monitor
when you won't be using it for a half hour or so).
However, if you decide to turn off your computer, don't just head for the off switch. First, tell Windows XP about
your plans. To do that, click the Start button, choose the Turn Off Computer command, and ponder the choices
Windows XP places on-screen.
Click Stand By to temporarily put the computer to sleep, click Turn Off to turn off your computer, or click Restart
to make Windows XP shut down and come back to life.
Stand By: Save your work before choosing this option; Windows XP doesn't save your work automatically.
Instead, it lets your computer doze for a bit to save power, but the computer wakes up at the touch of a button.
Turn Off: Clicking here tells Windows XP to put away all your programs and to make sure that you've saved all
your important files. Then it turns off your computer and most of the newer monitors. Poof! Use this option when
you're done computing for the day. (If your monitor doesn't turn off automatically, you'll have to push its power
button yourself.)
Restart: Here, Windows saves your work and prepares your computer to be shut off. However, it then restarts
your computer. Use this option when installing new software, changing settings, or trying to stop Windows XP
from doing something awfully weird.
Hibernate: Only offered on some computers, this option works much like Shut Down. It saves your work and
turns off your computer. However, when turned on again, your computer presents your desktop just as you left it:
Open programs and windows appear in the same place. Putting your computer into hibernation mode is not as
safe as shutting it down. (Don't see the Hibernate feature? Hold down Shift, and it will replace the Standby
button.)
The Hibernate command takes all of your currently open information and writes it to the hard drive in one big
chunk. Then, to re-create your desktop, it reads that big chunk and places it back on your desktop.
Don't ever turn off your computer unless you've chosen the Turn Off command from the Start button. Windows
XP needs to prepare itself for the shutdown, or it may accidentally eat some of your important information — as
well as the information of anybody else using the computer at the time.
Remember, if you're done with the computer but other people might want to use it, just click Log Off from the
Start menu: Windows XP saves your work and brings up the Welcome screen, allowing other people to log on and
play video games.
Install Windows XP Professional Quick Upgrade
Once you've gathered the information you need, you are ready to install Windows XP Professional.
To perform a quick upgrade
Turn on your computer.

Insert the Windows XP CD into your computer's CD–ROM drive.
After your computer automatically launches the CD, click Install Windows XP.
IMPORTANT
If your computer doesn't automatically launch the CD, start Setup manually:
Click Start and then click Run.
Type the following command, replacing "d" with the letter assigned to your CD-ROM drive:
d:\setup.exe
Press ENTER.
When you're asked to choose the type of installation you want, select Upgrade, and then click Next.
You can upgrade to Windows XP if all of the following are true:
You're already using a previous version of Windows that supports upgrading. These include: Windows 98
(including Second Edition); Windows Millennium (Me); Windows NT® 4.0 (Service Pack 6 or later); Windows
2000 Professional; or Windows XP Home Edition. (Windows 95 and earlier versions do not support upgrade to
Windows XP Professional.)
You want to replace your previous operating system with Windows XP Professional.
You want to keep your existing files and personalized settings.
If none—or only some—of these are true for you, perform a new installation. For more information, see New
Installation.
Review the license agreement and, if you agree, accept it.
Enter the Product Key from the Windows XP folder.
Review the text for performing Dynamic Update. If you wish to perform Dynamic Update, select Yes, and then
click Next.
Windows installation starts.

IMPORTANT
You must have an active Internet connection to perform Dynamic Update.
When the “Welcome to Windows” screen appears, follow the instructions to complete your upgrade.
Go to “Configure Windows XP” for information on setting up user accounts and network connections.
Sharing Your Own Computer's Stuff with the Network
To share a file or folder with your fellow computer users, move the file into your Shared Documents folder, which
lives in your My Computer window. (You must move or copy a file into the Shared Documents folder; shortcuts
don't always work.)
After you place your file or folder into your Shared Documents folder, it appears in the Shared Documents folder
of everybody else using your computer.
Administrators can share folders without having to move them into the Shared Documents folder. The trick is to
follow these steps:
1. Right-click on a folder you'd like to share and choose Sharing and Security from the pop-up menu.
Open My Computer and right-click on the folder you'd like to share. When the menu appears, select Sharing and
Security. A window appears, showing the Properties for that folder. It opens to the Sharing tab.
Right-click on a folder and choose Sharing and Security to share the folder on the network.
2. Click the box marked Share This Folder on the Network.
A check mark in that box lets everybody peek at, grab, steal, change, or delete any of the files in that folder. To
let visitors look inside the files but not change them, remove the check mark from the box marked Allow Network
Users to Change My Files.
3. Click OK.
Now that particular folder and all its contents are available for everybody on the network to share.
Sharing a lot of folders isn't a good idea because it gives network visitors too much control over your computer.
Even if you trust people, they might accidentally mess something up. To be safe, only share files by placing them
in the Shared Document folder.
Inside Shared Documents live two more folders, Shared Music and Shared Pictures. Those two folders are also
available to any user. So, if you want to share documents with any user of your computer, store them in the
Shared Documents folder. When you make MP3s from your CDs, store them in the Shared Music folder, too, so
that everybody can enjoy them.
Playing DVDs in Windows XP
Microsoft raves about how Media Player plays DVDs. But that's a lie. Windows XP can't play DVDs right out of the
box. See, even though you've bought a Windows XP computer, a DVD drive, and a DVD, you need something
else: special software called a decoder. This bit of software, called a codec because it converts one format to
another, enables your computer to translate numbers on a disc into videos of galloping horses on the screen.
Unfortunately, Windows XP doesn't come with a DVD codec, so you must pick up one somewhere else. Where?
Well, most computers with DVD drives come with DVD-playing software — a little box with its own little controls.
That software installs its own DVD codec in Windows, and Media Player simply borrows that. But if you don't have
DVD-playing software, there's nothing to borrow, and Media Player ignores your DVDs.
If you choose Windows Media Player instead of your third-party DVD player to watch DVDs, the controls are
pretty much the same as they are for playing CDs.
You probably need to update your DVD software so that it will work under Windows XP. Otherwise, your DVD
software won't work under Media Player, either. Head for the Web site of your DVD player's manufacturer and
look for a Windows XP patch or upgrade. If you're lucky, the manufacturer won't charge you for the upgrade.
Some companies, however, make you buy a new version.
DVD stands for Digital Video Disc & Digital Versatile Disc.
Bending to pressure, Microsoft made a last-minute deal with three companies to provide software for Windows
Media Player to create MP3s and play DVDs. The catch? The complete package costs between $20 and $30, with
separate components (the DVD decoder on its own, for instance) costing less.
The three companies, CyberLink, InterVideo, and RAVISENT, each offers a DVD Decoder Pack for Windows XP.
After October 25, 2001, Windows XP users may order and download the add-on packs from each company's Web
site through links inside Windows Media Player.
If you've upgraded to Windows XP from an earlier version of Windows, and your old DVD software no longer
works, using the links to get the add-ons might be your best option.
Make Web Pages Available for Offline Viewing
With Internet Explorer 6 in Windows XP, you can make a Web page available offline and view it when your
computer is not connected to the Internet—for example on your laptop during a flight. This feature is also handy
for viewing Web pages at home without tying up a phone line if you have a dial–up Internet connection.
To make the current Web page available offline
On the Favorites menu, click Add to Favorites.
Select the Make available offline check box.
To specify a schedule for updating that page, and how much content to download, click Customize.
Follow the instructions on your screen.

To make an existing favorite item available offline
On the Favorites menu, click Organize Favorites.
Click the page you want to make available offline.
Select the Make available offline check box.
To specify a schedule for updating that page, and how much content to download, click Properties.
To view Web pages without being connected to the Internet
After you mark your favorite pages for viewing offline, you can view them offline by following these steps
Before you disconnect from the Internet, on the Tools menu, click Synchronize.
When you're ready to work offline, on the File menu, click Work Offline. Internet Explorer will always start in
Offline mode until you click Work Offline again to clear the check mark.
In your Favorites list, click the item you want to view.

You can also make Web pages available offline without adding them to your Favorites list, by saving the pages on
your computer.
Follow these steps
On the File menu, click Save As.
Double–click the folder you want to save the page in.
In the File name box, type a name for the page.
In the Save as type box, select a file type.
Do one of the following:

To save all of the files needed to display this page, including graphics, frames, and style sheets, click Web Page,
complete. This option saves each file in its original format.
To save all of the information needed to display this page in a single MIME–encoded file, click Web Archive. This
option saves a snapshot of the current Web page. This option is available only if you have installed Outlook
Express 5 or later. When you choose Web Page, complete, only the current page is saved. With Web Page,
complete and Web Archive, you can view all of the Web page offline, without adding the page to your Favorites
list and marking it for offline viewing.
To save just the current HTML page, click Web Page, HTML only. This option saves the information on the Web
page, but it does not save the graphics, sounds, or other files.
To save just the text from the current Web page, click Text Only. This option saves the information on the Web
page in straight text format.
Logging On to Your computer
After you've installed Windows XP Professional, you can configure common settings, including user accounts and
network connections.
If you already have a user account, log on to your computer with that account name and password. If you don't
have a user account, you must first log on as the administrator to create one.
Log On as the Administrator

Until you set up a user account on your computer, you need to log on as the Administrator. For security reasons,
you should create a user account for yourself and a user account for each person who may be using the
computer.
After you complete Setup, your computer restarts and the “Log On to Windows” dialog box appears.
To log on as the Administrator
In “Log On to Windows,” type Administrator and the password you assigned to the administrator during Setup.
Click OK.
If a message appears informing you that the system could not log you on, verify that CAPS LOCK is not turned
on, and then retype your password.
IMPORTANT
Running Windows XP as an administrator makes the system vulnerable to unnecessary security risks. Instead,
use your user account to perform routine tasks such as running programs, working on documents, and visiting
Internet sites.
Joining a Network
If you want to connect to a network during Setup, you must have the correct hardware installed on your
computer and be connected to your network.
If you will be using a network, first determine whether your computer is joining a domain or a workgroup.
If you're not sure, select Workgroup when you are prompted during Setup. (You can always join a domain later,
after Windows XP Professional is installed.) Any computer user can join a workgroup—you don’t need special
administrative permissions. You must provide an existing or new workgroup name, or you can use the workgroup
name that Windows XP Professional suggests during Setup.
If you select Domain ask your network administrator to create a new computer account in that domain or to reset
your existing account. Joining a domain requires permission from the network administrator.
Joining a domain during Setup requires a computer account to identify your computer to the domain you want to
join. If you’re upgrading, Setup uses your existing computer account; or if there isn’t one, Setup prompts you to
provide a new computer account. Ask your network administrator to create a computer account before you begin
Setup. Or, if you have the appropriate privileges, you can create the account yourself and join the domain during
Setup. To join a domain during Setup, you need to provide your domain user name and password.
Unless you're an advanced user, it's recommended you use the default settings.
Keeping Windows XP Up-to-Date
The Windows Update feature notifies you of the latest updates and bug fixes for the Windows XP operating
system directly from the Microsoft Web site. To launch the Windows Update, you click the Start menu, point at
the All Programs button, and then click Windows Update in the Programs menu.
As soon as you click select Windows Update on this menu, Windows gets you online and connects you to the
Windows Update Web page on the Microsoft Web site.
To have your computer checked out to see whether you're in need of some updated Windows components, follow
these steps:
1. On the Microsoft Windows Update Web page, click the Scan for Updates hyperlink.
When you click this hyperlink, the Windows checks your system for needed updates. After checking your system,
the number of updates appears in the list of three types of updates (Critical Updates, Windows XP, and Driver
Updates) in the pane on the left side of the window.
2. To have the Update Wizard install particular updates in one or more of the various categories, click the check
boxes in front of each update name and description.
3. After you have all the updates that you want selected, click the Review and Install Updates hyperlink in the
pane on the left side of the window.
4. Click the Start Download button on the Download Checklist page.
A license agreement dialog box then appears. Choose the Yes button to sell your soul to the devil (just kidding)
and start the download.
After you click the assent to the license agreement, the Microsoft Windows Update page downloads and installs
the updated files for the component(s) you selected. When the download and installation are complete, the
message Download and Installation Successful appears on Windows Update Web page.
5. Click the Close box in the upper-right corner of the Windows Update Web page to close this browser window.
Just in case you're the type who would never think to use the Windows Update command on the Start menu,
Windows XP turns on an AutoUpdate feature that automatically starts bugging you about new Windows features
that you can download and install.
AutoUpdate indicates that Windows updates that could benefit your computer are available by placing an Install
Reminder icon (with the picture of the Windows logo above a tiny globe) in the Notification area of the Windows
taskbar. From time to time, a ScreenTip appears above this Install Reminder icon, telling you that new updates
are available.
To get the Windows updates downloaded or to silence the Install Reminder, click that icon in the status bar.
Windows then displays an Updates dialog box with three buttons along the bottom: Settings, Remind Me Later,
and Install.
To go online and have Windows download and install the new updates (using the procedure outlined in the steps
in the preceding section), choose Install. To be reminded to update at a later time, choose the Remind Me Later
button and then select the time interval that must pass before the Install Reminder starts prompting you again in
the drop-down list box of the Remind Me Later dialog box that appears.
To turn off the AutoUpdate features so that it never bugs you again, follow these steps:
1. Click the Start button and then click Control Panel.
2. Click the Switch to Classic View button at the top of the Control Panel navigation pane on the left side of this
window.
3. Double-click the System icon to open the Systems Properties dialog box.
4. Click the Automatic Updates tab and then in the Notification Settings section, click the Turn Off Automatic
Updating, I want to Update My Computer Manually radio button.
5. Click OK or press Enter to close the System Properties dialog box.
Making Older Programs Run under Windows XP
Some programs designed for earlier versions of Windows won't run under Windows XP. Until you can get your
hands on a program upgrade for Windows XP, you can try running the program in one of Windows XP
Compatibility Modes by following these steps:
1. Double-click the desktop shortcut called Run in Compatibility Mode that's automatically installed there when
you install Windows XP to open a full-size Help and Support window with instructions and controls for starting an
application in Compatibility Mode.
You can also open this window by clicking Start on the Windows taskbar and then clicking Help and Support on
the Start menu. Next, click the Find Compatible Hardware and Software for Windows XP link and then click the
Program Compatibility Wizard link at the bottom of the window navigation pane.
2. Read the instructions on the Welcome to Programs Compatibility Wizard screen, paying particular attention to
the warning about not using Compatibility Mode on programs, such as anti-virus software and backup tools, that
specifically prohibit their use on future editions of the operating system before you click the Next button.
3. In the next screen, click the radio button indicating how you want to locate the program you want to run: I
Want to Choose from a List of Programs, I Want to Use the Program in the CD-ROM Drive, or I Want to Locate the
Program Manually.
4. If you selected the I Want to Choose from a List of Programs radio button, click the name of the program you
want to run in the list that appears before you click Next.
If you selected the I Want to Locate the Program Manually radio button, type the path to the program in the text
box that appears or click the Browse button and locate it in the Please Select Application dialog box and select
the Open button before you click Next.
5. In the next screen, called Select a Compatibility Mode for the Program, click the radio button for the version of
Windows under which your program used to run or was designed to run: Microsoft Windows 95, Microsoft
Windows NT 4.0 (Service Pack 5), Microsoft Windows 98/Windows Me, or Microsoft Windows 2000.
6. In the next screen called Select Display Settings for the Program, click the check box or boxes for the display
settings that are recommended for running the program.
These check box options include: 256 Colors, 640 x 480 Screen Resolution, and Disable Visual Themes.
7. Click the Next button to advance to the Test Your Compatibility Settings screen where you can verify your
selections for the program.
8. If your settings are correct, click the Next button to run the program in compatibility mode.
If Windows XP can run the program in the selected Compatibility Mode, the program then launches in a separate
window. If Windows can't run the application, you receive an alert box indicating that there's a problem. In such
a case, you have to contact the software manufacturer and get an upgrade for the application that's specifically
designed for the Windows XP operating system. Note that when you exit the program that you're running in
compatibility mode, Windows automatically returns you to the Program Compatibility Wizard in the Help and
Support window.
Mapping Network Drives in Windows XP
If you use Windows XP on a local area network (LAN), and you save and open files in shared folders as part of a
workgroup on a server, you can create a virtual drive whose drive letter appears in the My Computer window
along with those of your local drives — a process referred to as mapping a network drive. To map a network
drive, follow these steps:
1. Click Tools-->Map Network Drive on the My Computer menu bar to open the Map Network Drive dialog box.
2. Click the Drive drop-down list button and select the drive letter you want to assign to the virtual drive
containing this network folder (note that the list starts with Z: and works backwards to B:) from the pop-up
menu.
3. Type the path to the folder on the network drive in the Folder text box or click the Browse button and select
the folder directly from the outline of the network drives and folders shown in the Browse For Folder dialog box.
Now click OK to close the Browse For Folder dialog box and return to the Map Network Drive dialog box (where
the path to the selected folder now appears).
4. If you want Windows to recreate this virtual drive designation for the selected network folder each time that
you start and log on to your computer, leave the check mark in the Reconnect at Logon check box.
If you only want to use this drive designation during the current work session, click the Reconnect at Logon check
box to remove the check mark.
5. If you're mapping the network drive for someone else who uses a logon different from your own, click the
Different User Name hyperlink and enter the user name and password in the associated text boxes in the Connect
As dialog box before you click OK.
6. Click the Finish button in the Map Network Drive dialog box to close it and return to the My Computer window.
The network folder that you mapped onto a virtual drive now appears at the bottom of the contents area under a
new section called "Network Drives" and Windows automatically opens the folder in a separate window.
After mapping a network folder onto a virtual drive, you can redisplay the contents in the My Computer window
by double-clicking that drive icon.
To remove a virtual drive that you've mapped onto My Computer, click Tools-->Disconnect Network Drive; next
click the letter of the virtual drive in the Disconnect Network Drives dialog box and then click OK. Windows then
displays an alert dialog box warning you that files and folders are currently open on the virtual drive and that you
run the risk of losing data if files are open. If you're sure that you have no files open on that drive, click the Yes
button to break the connection and remove the virtual drive from the My Computer window.
If you use Windows XP on a local area network (LAN), and you save and open files in shared folders as part of a
workgroup on a server, you can create a virtual drive whose drive letter appears in the My Computer window
along with those of your local drives — a process referred to as mapping a network drive. To map a network
drive, follow these steps:
1. Click Tools-->Map Network Drive on the My Computer menu bar to open the Map Network Drive dialog box.
2. Click the Drive drop-down list button and select the drive letter you want to assign to the virtual drive
containing this network folder (note that the list starts with Z: and works backwards to B:) from the pop-up
menu.
3. Type the path to the folder on the network drive in the Folder text box or click the Browse button and select
the folder directly from the outline of the network drives and folders shown in the Browse For Folder dialog box.
Now click OK to close the Browse For Folder dialog box and return to the Map Network Drive dialog box (where
the path to the selected folder now appears).
4. If you want Windows to recreate this virtual drive designation for the selected network folder each time that
you start and log on to your computer, leave the check mark in the Reconnect at Logon check box.
If you only want to use this drive designation during the current work session, click the Reconnect at Logon check
box to remove the check mark.
5. If you're mapping the network drive for someone else who uses a logon different from your own, click the
Different User Name hyperlink and enter the user name and password in the associated text boxes in the Connect
As dialog box before you click OK.
6. Click the Finish button in the Map Network Drive dialog box to close it and return to the My Computer window.
The network folder that you mapped onto a virtual drive now appears at the bottom of the contents area under a
new section called "Network Drives" and Windows automatically opens the folder in a separate window.
After mapping a network folder onto a virtual drive, you can redisplay the contents in the My Computer window
by double-clicking that drive icon.
To remove a virtual drive that you've mapped onto My Computer, click Tools-->Disconnect Network Drive; next
click the letter of the virtual drive in the Disconnect Network Drives dialog box and then click OK. Windows then
displays an alert dialog box warning you that files and folders are currently open on the virtual drive and that you
run the risk of losing data if files are open. If you're sure that you have no files open on that drive, click the Yes
button to break the connection and remove the virtual drive from the My Computer window.
Make Windows XP Professional Accessible
Do you have trouble reading the screen, hearing the sound themes, using the keyboard, or moving the mouse?
Windows XP Professional includes features such as Accessibility Wizard, Accessibility Options, and Utility Manager
that make Windows XP accessible and usable by everyone.
For more detailed information about accessibility options, keyboard shortcuts, and assistant technology programs
in Windows XP Professional:
Click Start, then click Help and Support, and then click Accessibility, in the left-hand column.
–or–
Press the Windows Logo key + F1, use the TAB key to highlight Accessibility, and then press ENTER.
To learn more about Microsoft products available for people with disabilities, visit the Microsoft Accessibility Web
site.
Note: The information in this section applies only to users who license Microsoft products in the United States. If
you obtained this product outside the United States, your package contains a card that lists Microsoft subsidiary
support services, telephone numbers, and addresses. Contact your subsidiary to find out whether the type of
products and services described here are available in your area.
Accessibility Wizard
The Accessibility Wizard asks you questions about your accessibility needs and automatically configures text size,
and settings for display, sound, and pointer.
To start the Accessibility Wizard
Click Start and point to All Programs. Then point to Accessories, point to Accessibility, and click Accessibility
Wizard.
–or–
Press the Windows Logo key , press P to open All Programs, and then press ENTER. Press A to open Accessories,
press ENTER to open Accessibility, and then press ENTER again to start Accessibility Wizard.
Note: Utility Manager lets you start, stop, and check the status of the accessibility programs you select from the
Accessibility Wizard.
To open the Utility Manager
Click Start and point to All Programs. Then point to Accessories, point to Accessibility, and click Utility Manager.
–or–
Press the Windows Logo key , press P to open All Programs, and then press ENTER. Press A to open Accessories,
press ENTER to open Accessibility. Use the arrow keys to highlight Utility Manager, and then press ENTER.
Accessibility Options
Accessibility Options allow you to directly customize keyboard, display, and mouse functions.
To open Accessibility Options
Click Start, click Control Panel, and then click Accessibility Options.
–or–
Press the Windows Logo key , use the arrow keys to highlight Control Panel, and then press ENTER. Use the TAB
key to highlight Accessibility Options, and then press ENTER.
Saving Web Pages with Internet Explorer 6
Occasionally, you may want to save an entire Web page on your computer (text, hyperlinks, graphics, and all). To
save the Web page that currently appears in Internet Explorer, choose File-->Save As to open the Save Web Page
dialog box shown in the following figure. Select the folder in which you want the page saved and then click the
Save button.
After saving a Web page on your hard drive, you can open it in Internet Explorer and view the contents even
when you're not connected to the Internet. If your motive for saving the Web page, however, is to be able to view
the content when you're not connected to the Internet, you're better off saving the page as a Favorite marked for
offline viewing. That way, you can decide whether you want to view other pages linked to the one you're saving
and you can have Internet Explorer check the site for updated content.
You can also e-mail a Web page or a link to the page to a colleague or friend. To send the current Web page in a
new e-mail message, click File-->Send-->Page by E-mail on the Explorer menu bar and then fill out the new e-
mail. To send a link to the page instead, click File-->Send-->Link by E-Mail. To create a desktop shortcut to the
Web page, click File-->Send-->Shortcut to Desktop.
What are the differences between using a domain or a workgroup in Windows XP
Windows XP Professional operates and looks different depending on whether you're a member of a domain or a
workgroup. This table provides an overview of the main differences.
Windows XP functions On a domain In a workgroup
NETWORKING
Part of a local area network (LAN) YES
Part of a peer–to–peer network (for small businesses) YES
Part of a home network YES
Computer account required YES
GENERAL OPTIONS
“Welcome” screen available YES
Fast User Switching available YES
Password Backup and Restore Wizard available YES
New and classic Windows desktops available YES YES
Guest account automatically included YES
Internet and e–mail access YES YES
Multibooting with Windows XP - Installing Windows 2000 and Windows XP
You can install two or more operating systems on your computer, and then choose the one that you want to use
each time you restart. This is known as multibooting. You can configure your computer to start Windows XP,
Windows 2000, Windows NT, and either Windows 95 or Windows 98.
Consider Disk Space, Type, and File System
Before using the multibooting feature, consider the tradeoffs: each operating system uses valuable disk space,
and file system compatibility can be complex if you want to run Windows XP on one partition and an earlier OS on
another partition. In addition, dynamic disk format introduced in Windows 2000 does not work with earlier
operating systems. However, multibooting capabilities are a valuable feature providing the single-machine
flexibility to run multiple operating systems.
In the past, some users installed multiple operating systems as a safeguard against problems with starting the
computer. With Windows XP, you have more and better options for system recovery. For example, if you have a
problem with a newly-installed device driver, you can use safe mode, in which the operating system restarts with
default settings and the minimum number of drivers. Windows XP also includes compatibility mode, so you no
longer need to keep an older operating system to run most of your older programs.
However, multibooting continues to be a useful feature if you are using Windows XP but occasionally need to
replicate older computing environments. This article provides an overview of multibooting, beginning with a
summary of disk requirements followed by guidelines for multibooting with Windows XP. It also addresses
multibooting issues for running Windows XP with earlier operating systems including Windows 2000, Windows NT
4.0, Windows 9x, and MS-DOS®. Each section includes a checklist summary for easy reference.
Does Your Disk Support Multibooting?
The following table shows the disk configurations on which you can install more than one operating system.
Disk Requirements for multiple operating systems

configuration
Basic disk This is the common name for the hard disk in your computer. You have a basic disk unless you
have converted it to dynamic disk. MS-DOS and all Windows-based operating systems can access
basic disks. A basic disk can contain up to four primary partitions. A partition is a section of the
disk that functions as a separate unit. Each partition can have a different file format and different
drive letter, for example, C: and D:. Each operating system must be on a separate partition.
Single dynamic If you have one hard disk and you have converted it to dynamic disk, you can install only one
disk operating system. You cannot multiboot.
To determine if you have a dynamic hard disk, click Start, click Control Panel, click
Performance and Maintenance, click Administrative Tools.
Double-click Computer Management, and then click Disk Management. In the right pane,
your disk will be labeled as a basic or dynamic type.
Multiple If you have two or more hard disks installed in your computer, each dynamic disk can contain one
dynamic disks installation of Windows XP Professional, or Windows 2000. No other operating systems can start
from a dynamic disk. Windows XP Home Edition does not support dynamic disks.
One OS Per Partition
Before installing and Windows XP and an earlier version on the same machine, you must prepare your hard disk
with different partitions.
When you install Windows on a new or reformatted hard disk, the Setup program typically does not partition your
hard disk automatically. To create multiple partitions, choose Advanced Options during Setup and follow the
instructions to create and name multiple partitions. You can also create partitions using Fdisk.
If you have already installed Windows, and you have only one partition, you must reformat and partition your
hard drive before you can multiboot.
You can divide your hard disk into multiple partitions, and each partition can function as a separate logical drive.
For example, logical drives C: and D: can both exist on the same hard disk, but function as separate disks. You
should install each operating system on a different partition. Then install applications on the same partition as the
operating system with which you run them. If an application is used with two different operating systems, install
copies on both partitions. Placing each operating system in a separate partition ensures that it will not overwrite
crucial files used by the other OS.
A basic disk can contain up to four partitions. Each partition can be formatted for use by a file system, such as
FAT32 or NTFS.
In general, you should always install the most recent OS last. In this case, you should install Windows 2000 and
then install Windows XP.
Unique Computer Name
You can set up a computer so that it has multiple installations of Windows XP and Windows 2000 Professional.
However, you must use a different computer name for each installation if the computer participates in a Windows
2000 Server domain. Because a unique security identifier (SID) is used for each installation of Windows XP on a
domain, the computer name for each installation must be unique—even for multiple installations on the same
computer.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows 2000 and Windows XP, review the following guidelines:
Install Windows XP after you have installed Windows 2000.
placed on a partition on which no other operating system is located. You can specify a partition during Setup.
to re-install any programs, such as word processing or e-mail software, after Setup is complete.
If the computer is on a Windows 2000 Server domain, each installation of Windows XP on that computer must
have a different computer name.
Microsoft Knowledge Base Articles Relating to the Setup XP

XP SETUP -- Microsoft Error codes
Q161703 "Stop: 0x0000001E" Error Message During Setup

Q216251 How to Specify a Specific or Third-Party HAL During Windows Setup
Windows Setup Hangs When "Setup Is Starting Windows" Screen
Q217073
Appears
Q220845 Adding Third-Party or Updated Driver During Windows Setup
Autologon and AutoLogonCount Parameters for Windows Unattended
Q221447
Setup
Q222939 Windows Setup Does Not Prompt for Installation Folder
Q225125 Windows Setup Does Not Prompt for Installation Folder
Q225125 Limited OEM Driver Support with F6 During Windows Setup
Q238955 How to Use Cmdlines.txt File During Sysprep.exe Setup Wizard
Q242380 How to Use a Command Prompt During GUI-Mode Setup
Error Message "Setup Was Unable to Build the List of Files to Be Copied"
Q281652
During a Windows XP Unattended Installation
Setup Appears to Stop Responding at the Registering Components
Q281653
Screen During an Unattended Installation
Partitions Created by Using PartitionMagic 5.0 Appear Inactive in
Q282008
Windows XP Setup
Q282296 Setup from the 16-Bit Winnt.exe File Continues in an Endless Loop
Q283079 No Mouse or Keyboard Response During Sysprep Mini-Setup
Q283240 Quitting Text-Mode Setup Does Not Restart the Computer
Setup Stops Responding Upon Restart After You Install Windows XP to a
Q283332
Partition on an IA64 Computer
Missing Files" Error Message During Setup When Deploying Windows XP
Q287546
Images
Q289657 Out of Box Experience (OOBE) Does Not Run After Setup Completes
Q293281 Unpartitioned Space Remains When Creating a Partition During Setup
User Accounts That You Create During Setup Are Administrator Account
Q293834
Types
Q295116 A Description of the Windows XP Setup Function Keys
Q296673 Windows Services for UNIX 2.0 Setup Does Not Work on Windows XP
Q296814 Setup Stops Responding (Hangs) During File Copy
The CD-ROM Drive May Not Be Accessible During Setup on Computers
Q297837
That Have DirectCD Installed
During Setup You Are Unable to Format a Partition with a File Allocation
Q301340
Table Format
Error Message: Setup Was Unable to Build the List of Files to Be Copied.
Q301933
The System Cannot Find the Path...
Differences Between a Quick Format and Format During Windows XP
Q302686
Setup
Master Boot Record Disks Cannot Be Converted to GPT by Means of an
Q303466
Unattended Setup
Windows XP Setup Halts When You Start Installation from Within
Q305746
Windows 95
Windows Upgrade Advisor Quits Abruptly During System Compatibility
Q305883
Check and No Report Appears
STOP 7b Error Occurs When You Press F6 to Load Drivers During
Q307099
Unattended Windows XP Setup
Volume License Product ID Is Revealed During the Sysprep.exe Mini-
Q307316
Setup Wizard
Q309800 Serial Mouse Is Not Detected During Windows XP Setup
Q310637 Troubleshooting Invalid CD Key Error Message During Windows XP Setup
Windows XP Does Not Respond at "Setup Is Starting Windows XP"
Q310760
Message
Making Sense of the New My Computer Program in Windows XP
Windows needs a place to store your programs and files. So, it borrowed the file cabinet metaphor, translated it
into light and airy Windows icons, and called it the My Computer program. My Computer shows the files and
storage areas inside your computer, allowing you to copy or move them, rename them, or delete them.
Everybody organizes his or her computer differently. Some people don't organize their computers at all. To see
how your computer has been organizing your files, click the Start menu and click My Computer.
The My Computer program is a big panel of buttons — sort of an extension of your desktop. Here's a brief
rundown on what those big icons along My Computer's right side mean:
Files Stored on This Computer: Windows XP lets many people use the same computer, and everybody's files
stay private. However, sometimes everybody wants to share information — letters from relatives, for instance.
That's where the Shared Documents folder (shown in the margin) comes in.
The Shared Documents folder contains files and folders accessible to everybody that uses the computer. To share
things with other users of your computer, call up My Computer and store the information inside My Computer's
Shared Documents folder. (Double-clicking any folder shows its contents.)
Two additional folders live inside the Shared Documents folder: Shared Music and Shared Pictures. Everybody
using the computer may also access music and pictures stored in here.
If you don't want other users to share your information, keep it out of the Shared Documents folder. Instead,
store the information in your My Documents folder, accessible from the Start menu. (See the Other Places area
listed along My Computer's left side, as shown in Figure 1? You can also open your My Documents folder from
there by clicking its name.)
Notice two other folders in Figure 1, one belonging to Guest and the other to Tina? You see those folders because
you're viewing the My Computer area of an administrator's account. The administrator can peek inside the files of
any other user. So, Figure 1 shows the My Documents folders of two other users, Tina and the Guest account.
Those folders are called Tina's Documents and Guest's Documents, respectively.
Hard Disk Drives: This one's not too difficult. It lists the hard drives installed on your computer. Double-clicking
a folder here shows what's inside, but you rarely find much useful information. In fact, Windows often simply tells
you to back off and look for programs on your Start menu, instead. Unlike files and folders, hard dives can't be
moved to different areas.
Devices with Removable Storage: This area shows stuff you take in and out of your computer: floppy drives,
CD-ROM drives, Iomega Jaz drives, and even MP3 players, if they're Windows XP compatible, like the HipZip's
PocketZip player shown in Figure 1.
Scanners and Cameras: Digital cameras and scanners often appear down here, depending on their make and
model.
Unlike files and folders, Hard Disk Drives, Devices with Removable Storage, and Scanners and Cameras can't be
moved to different areas. They're stuck where they live in the My Computer area. To make them more accessible,
you can place shortcuts to them on your desktop or any other convenient spot.
My Computer also includes several boxes along its left side. They serve mainly as shortcuts — pointers — that
take you to other areas on your computer. The boxes change according to what you're viewing in My Computer.
These choices appear when you first open My Computer, and here's what they mean.
System Tasks: Both items listed here, View System Information and Add or Remove Programs, deal with your
computer's innards. They're shortcuts to icons on Windows XP's Control Panel.
Other Places: Three of these items, My Network Places, My Documents, and Control Panel, are simply shortcuts
to items that appear on your computer's Start menu.
You may wonder (as others have) why there's a shortcut to the Shared Documents folder here, because the
Shared Documents folder already appears a few inches to the right, as you can see in Figure 1. Hmmm, a
mystery.
Details: Finally, something interesting. Click almost any icon in My Computer, and the Details window
automatically displays information about that object: the date a file was created, for instance, or how much space
it consumes.
Installing Windows XP with MS-DOS, Windows 95, Windows 98 or Windows Millennium Edition
You must address file system compatibility to ensure a multi-booting configuration with these earlier operating
systems and Windows XP. Remember to install the latest operating system last, otherwise important files may be
overwritten.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows XP and Windows 9x or MS-DOS, review the following guidelines:
On computers that contain MS-DOS and Windows XP:
• MS-DOS must be installed on a basic disk on a partition formatted with FAT. If MS-DOS is not installed
on the system partition, which is almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must
also be formatted with FAT.
• Windows XP must be installed last. Otherwise important files needed for starting Windows XP could be
overwritten.
On computers that contain Windows 95 and Windows XP:
• As in the case above, Windows 95 must be installed on a basic disk on a partition formatted with FAT.
(For Windows 95 OSR2, FAT32 may be used.) If Windows 95 is not installed on the system partition,
which is almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must also be formatted with
FAT (or FAT32 for Windows 95 OSR2).
• Compressed DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes won’t be available while you are running Windows XP.
It is not necessary to uncompress DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes that you will access only with
Windows 95.
overwritten.
On computers that contain Windows 98 (or Windows Me) and Windows XP:
• As in the cases above, Windows 98 or Windows Me must be installed on a basic disk on a partition
formatted with FAT or FAT32. If Windows 98 or Windows Me is not installed on the system partition,
which is almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition must also be formatted with
FAT or FAT32.
• Compressed DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes won’t be available while you are running Windows XP.
It is not necessary to uncompress DriveSpace or DoubleSpace volumes that you will access only with
Windows 98.
overwritten.
Multibooting with Windows XP - Installing Windows NT Workstation 4.0 and Windows XP

Setting up a computer to run Windows XP as well as an earlier operating system such as Windows NT Workstation
4.0 requires addressing compatibility issues among different file systems: NTFS, FAT, and FAT32.
Normally, NTFS is the recommended file system because it supports important features, including the Active
Directory™ service and domain-based security. However, using NTFS as the only file system on a computer that
contains both Windows XP and Windows NT is not recommended. On these computers, a FAT or FAT32 partition
containing the Windows NT 4.0 operating system ensures that when started with Windows NT 4.0, the computer
will have access to needed files. In addition, if Windows NT is not installed on the system partition, which is
almost always the first partition on the disk, the system partition should also be formatted with FAT.
Windows NT 4.0 cannot access files that have been stored using NTFS features that did not exist when Windows
NT 4.0 was released. For example, a file that uses the new NTFS encryption feature won’t be readable when the
computer is started with Windows NT 4.0 Workstation, which was released before the encryption feature existed.
Note: If you set up a computer so that it starts with Windows NT 3.51 or earlier on a FAT partition, and Windows
XP on an NTFS partition, when that computer starts with Windows NT 3.51, the NTFS partition will not be visible.
Checklist Summary
To configure a computer containing Windows NT 4.0 and Windows XP, review the following guidelines:
As explained above, using NTFS as the only file system on a computer

containing both Windows XP and Windows NT is not recommended.
Make sure that Windows NT 4.0 has been updated with the latest released Service Pack available for download
before installing Windows XP.
placed on a partition on which no other operating system is located. You can specify a partition during Setup.
to re-install any programs, such as word processing or email software, after Setup is complete.
If the computer is on a Windows NT Server or Windows 2000 Server domain, each installation of Windows XP on
that computer must have a different computer name.
Step by Step Guide to Installing a New Printer in Windows XP
When installing a new printer with the Add Printer Wizard, you can choose between adding a local printer (one
that's directly cabled to your computer through one of the ports) or a network printer (a printer that's connected
to your network with an Ethernet connection, just as your computer is connected to the LAN).
To install a new local printer with the Add Printer Wizard, follow these steps:
1. Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar and then click Control Panel on the right side of the Start menu.
2. Click the Printers and Other Hardware hyperlink if the Control Panel window is in Category View.
Otherwise, double-click the Printers and Faxes icon if the Control Panel window is in Classic View.
3. Click the Add a Printer hyperlink in the Printers and Other Hardware window to start the Add Printer Wizard
and then click the Next button, or press Enter to advance to the Local Printer or Printer Connection dialog box.
4. Make sure that the Add Printer Wizard selects the Local Printer radio button, and the Automatically Detect and
Install my Plug and Play Printer check box beneath this radio button before you click the Next button.
5. If the wizard is unable to detect your printer in the New Printer Detection dialog box, click Next to install the
printer manually.
6. Select the port for the printer to use in the Use the Following Port drop-down list box in the Select a Printer
Port dialog box and then click the Next button.
7. Click the manufacturer and the model of the printer in the Manufacturers and Printers list boxes, respectively,
of the Install Printer Software dialog box.
If you have a disk with the software for the printer, put it into your floppy or CD-ROM drive and then click the
Have Disk button: Select the drive that contains this disk in the Copy Manufacturer's Files drop-down list box and
then click OK.
8. Click the Next button to advance to the Name Your Printer dialog box.
If you want, edit the name for the printer in the Printer Name text box. If you want to make the printer that
you're installing the default printer that is automatically used whenever you print from Windows or from within a
Windows program, leave the Yes radio button selected beneath the heading, Do you want your Windows-based
programs to use this printer as the default printer?
9. Click the Next button to advance to the Printer Sharing dialog box.
If you want to share this printer with other users on the network, click the Share Name radio button and then, if
you want, edit the share name (this is the name that the other users on the network see when they go to select
this printer for printing their documents) that the wizard gives the printer in the Share Name text box.
10. To print a test page from your newly installed printer, click the Yes radio button selected beneath the heading,
Would you like to print a test page? in the Print Test Page dialog box.
11. Click the Next button to advance to the Completing the Add Printer Wizard dialog box, where you can review
the settings for your new printer before you click the Finish button or press Enter to finish installing the new
printer.
To use the Add Printer Wizard to install a printer that's available through your Local Area Network, you follow just
slightly different steps:
1. Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar and then click Control Panel on the right side of the Start menu.
2. Click the Printers and Other Hardware hyperlink if the Control Panel window is in Category View. Otherwise,
double-click the Printers and Faxes icon if the Control Panel window is in Classic View.
3. Click the Add a Printer hyperlink in the Printers and Other Hardware window to start the Add Printer Wizard
and then click the Next button or press Enter to advance to the Local or Network Printer dialog box.
4. Click the A Network Printer or a Printer Attached to Another Computer radio button in the Local or Network
Printer dialog box and then click the Next button or press Enter to the Specify a Printer dialog box.
5. If you know the name of the network printer, click the Connect to This Printer (or to Browse for a Printer,
Select this Option and click Next) radio button and then enter the network path in the Name text box.
If your network printer is on a network that uses an Internet address and you know this URL address, click the
Connect to a Printer on the Internet or on a Home or Office Network radio button and then enter the address in
the URL text box. If you know neither of these pieces of information, leave the Browse for a Printer radio button
selected and then click Next to advance to the Browse for Printer dialog box.
6. In the Browse for Printer dialog box, locate the printer in the Shared Printers list box by clicking the network
icons until you expand the outline sufficiently to display the printer icon.
When you click the printer icon in this outline, the wizard adds the path to the Printer text box above.
7. Click the Next button to advance the Default Printer dialog box.
If you want to make the printer that you're installing the default printer that is automatically used whenever you
print from Windows or from within a Windows program, leave the Yes radio button selected beneath the heading,
Do you want your Windows-based programs to use this printer as the default printer?
8. Click the Next button to advance to the Completing the Add Printer Wizard dialog box, where you can review
the settings for your new printer before you click the Finish button or press Enter to finish installing the new
printer.
After you add a printer to your computer, you can start using it when printing with programs such as Word 2002
and Excel 2002, or when printing from Windows itself.
To switch to a new printer that you haven't designated as the default printer in programs such as Word and Excel,
you need to open the Print dialog box (choose File-->Print) and then select the printer name in the Name drop-
down list box.
Install Windows XP Professional - New Installation
There are three reasons why you may need to install a new copy of Windows XP:
• Your current operating system doesn’t support an upgrade to Windows XP Professional.
• Your current operating system supports an upgrade to Windows XP Professional, but you don’t want to
keep your existing files and personalized settings.
• Your computer does not have an operating system.
The setup process is similar for new installations and upgrades with a few notable exceptions. For example,
during a new installation, you are able to configure Special Options, convert your file system, and create a new
partition for the Windows XP installation.
IMPORTANT
A new installation deletes all programs or system files from a previous installation.
Special Options
Under Special Options, you have the choice to change Language, Advanced, and Accessibility settings during the
setup process.
Note: If you are in a country that has recently adopted the euro as its currency, you may have to modify the
currency settings to display monetary amounts correctly.
For more information, go to Help and Support Center and type “euro” in the Search box.
Select If you want to...

Language Choose the primary language and regions for Windows XP, which
affects the default settings for date, time, currency, numbers,
character sets, and keyboard layout.
Choose additional language groups and character sets to use

with the programs you are running on Windows XP.
Advanced Change the default location of the Setup files.

Options
Store system files in a folder other than the default (Windows)

folder
Copy the installation files from the CD to the hard disk.
Accessibility Use Narrator or Magnifier during Setup.
IMPORTANT
Unless you're an advanced user, it's recommended that you use the default settings.
Choosing a File System
During a new installation of Windows XP, you may have to choose which file system your computer should use.
Windows XP Professional supports:
• FAT32: An enhanced version of the file allocation table (FAT) system that is standard on all Windows
operating systems starting with later (32-bit) versions of Windows 95. The FAT32 system can be used
on large hard disks, from 512 megabytes (MB) to 32 gigabytes (GB).
• NTFS: The NT file system (NTFS) is used with the Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows XP
operating systems. NTFS provides enhanced reliability, stability, and security, and supports large hard
disks of up to 2 terabytes (TB).
IMPORTANT
You can convert your file system any time, even after you install Windows XP, without losing any of your data.
The conversion to NTFS is one–way only; if you convert your FAT or FAT32 file system to NTFS you can’t convert
your hard disk back to FAT later.
If you’re not sure which file system to use, keep the one your computer defaults to during Setup. If you want to
change your file system, here are a few recommendations:
• Use FAT32 if your hard disk is smaller than 32 GB.

• Use FAT32 if you want to install more than one operating system on your computer.
• Use NTFS if your hard drive is larger than 32 GB and you are running only one operating system on
your computer.
• Use NTFS if you want enhanced file security.
• Use NTFS if you need better disk compression.
Disk Partitions
You can create partitions to organize information—for example, to back up data—or to install more than one
operating system on your computer. A hard disk can contain up to four partitions.
If you’re performing a new installation, the appropriate disk partition is selected automatically during Windows XP
Setup unless you click Advanced Options and specify your own requirements
For more information about configuring, sizing, reformatting, or converting disk partitions, see your current online
Help before you install or upgrade to Windows XP Professional.
How to Use Qfixapp.exe In Windows XP
This article describes the Quick Fix utility (Qfixapp.exe) that is included with the Application Compatibility Toolkit
for Windows XP and Windows .NET. Qfixapp.exe is a tool that includes pre-packaged fixes that provide an easy
way to fix a program.
Use Qfixapp.exe To Apply Program Fixes
You can use Qfixapp.exe to quickly apply various program fixes (AppFixes, also known as "shims") to a program
to determine their effectiveness. Qfixapp.exe reads the %SystemRoot%\windows\apppatch\sysmain.sdb
database to produce a list of available fixes. When you select an AppFix, you can start the program executable
(.exe) file, and the AppFix will be applied. If a suitable AppFix is found, the tool eventually helps you to generate
and test matching file information. When you run Qfixapp.exe, you see the following items:
• The The application for which to apply the fix(es) check box. This setting disables existing fixes in
the database.
• The Layer tab with the Choose one of the existing layers to apply to your app box that contains
the following entries:
256 Color
640X480
Disable Themes
Internaltional
LUA(Limited User Account)
LUACleanUp
NT4SP5
ProfilesSetup
Win2000
Win95
Win98
• The Fixes tab. On this tab you can select the individual fixes that you want to apply.
Example of How to Use Qfixapp.exe

1. Start Notepad, and then click About Notepad on the Help menu. Note that the version is 5.1.
2. Start Qfixapp.exe, click Win95, click Browse, and then open the Windows folder. Note that the
Windows\System32 folder is protected by Windows File Protection, so it is not able to use the layers.
3. Click Notepad.exe, click Open, and then click Run.
4. Start Notepad, and then click About Notepad on the Help menu. Note that the version is now 4.0.
If you click ViewLog, you could see what AppFix(es) are being used. If you click Advanced, you could see
information about the .exe file. You can click Add Matching Info, and then select files that are related to the
.exe file to identify that particular program. After you finish that step, you could click Create Fix Support to add
the layers with the Matching Information (GRABMI) and create an XML-based database that is named
YourAppName.sdb. Note that in the preceding example it is named Notepad.sdb, and is in the AppPatch folder.
Burning CDs in Windows XP and the Limitations

Windows XP's integrated CD burner is powered by the Roxio engine but lacks the familiar Easy CD Creator
interface. There is no CD Burner icon on the desktop or in the start menu. So where is this promised CD burner?
There are two answers, depending on if you want to burn audio or data CD's.
To burn data CDs
Open a folder. Look at the folder options on the left of your screen. You should see an option to Copy All Items to
CD or Copy to CD, depending on your folder view. You can also right-click a file or folder and choose Send To and
then CD drive. I appreciate that XP has made it as easy to drop files to a CD as it is a Zip disk. It does not copy
the files immediately. Instead, it places them into a repository and waits for further instruction on when and
where to burn the CD. Now, place a blank CD into your CD drive or navigate to your CD drive in My Computer,
and choose to write the files to a CD.
To burn music CDs
The Windows Media Player was always a monstrosity, and now it now includes a new function -- CD burning.
Select a song in your My Documents folder, and choose Copy to Audio CD from the folder options on the left.
Surprise! Up pops the Windows Media Player, waiting for you to choose Copy to CD. Hit the record button, and
have a good time.
Limitations of the incorporated CD burner
You cannot create bootable CDs with the Windows XP CD burner, nor can you create a CD from an image (like a
.iso file). If you want this functionality, you need to install your favorite CD burning software. Don't try to install
Easy CD Creator 5 just yet -- Windows XP won't let you.
Roxio will have XP patches available on their website soon, but only for their latest edition of CD creator. Roxio
will not support Easy CD Creator 3.X and 4.X for Windows XP, and the user will be required to purchase the
upgrade to Easy CD Creator 5 Platinum.
Windows XP does not have a CD burning interface, but it has CD burning artfully integrated into the operating
system. However, third-party CD burning software is still necessary for those who want to burn more than the
occasional audio CD.
Troubleshooting and Driver Issues
With Windows XP, installation and hardware configuration has never been easier. The installation of new hardware
and the recognition of hardware devices during the installation process has never been so easy and reliable.
The Windows 2000 Factor
What do you do if XP is unable to find a driver for your device? Windows XP is based on an enhanced Windows
2000 kernel, so 2000 drivers should work in XP, but this is not always the case. I loaded one system that had a
Wacom board with a 2000 driver, and no matter what I tried, I was unable to find a suitable driver for this
component. I disconnected the unit and am waiting for an XP driver update.
The .vxd drivers used in Windows 98 are not supported at all by Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Using these
drivers could create more issues in Windows XP, and you should stay away from them. Check your device
manager, and disable those devices that have yellow cautionary flags if you are unable to locate an appropriate
driver.
Now that XP has been officially released on the market, manufacturers of those components that are lacking
compatible drivers should be issuing those drivers in the near future. Keep checking those manufacturers'
websites. When the driver become available, enable those devices, and update the drivers.
Add Album Art to any Music Folder
One of the coolest new features in Windows XP is its album thumbnail generator, which automatically places the
appropriate album cover art on the folder to which you are copying music (generally in WMA format). But what
about those people that have already copied their CDs to the hard drive using MP3 format? You can download
album cover art from sites such as cdnow.com or amguide.com, and then use the new Windows XP folder
customize feature to display the proper image for each folder. But this takes time you have to manually edit the
folder properties for every single folder and you will lose customizations if you have to reinstall the OS. There's an
excellent fix, however.
When you download the album cover art from the Web, just save the images as folder.jpg each time and place
them in the appropriate folder. Then, Windows XP will automatically use that image as the thumbnail for that
folder and, best of all, will use that image in Windows Media Player for Windows XP (MPXP) if you choose to
display album cover art instead of a visualization. And the folder customization is automatic, so it survives an OS
reinstallation as well. Your music folders never looked so good!
Album cover art makes music folder thumbnails look better than ever!
Change the location of the My Music or My Pictures Folders
In Windows 2000, Microsoft added the ability to right-click the My Documents folder and choose a new location
for that folder in the shell. With Windows XP, Microsoft has elevated the My Music and My Pictures folders to the
same "special shell folder" status of My Documents, but they never added a similar (and simple) method for
changing those folder's locations. However, it is actually pretty easy to change the location of these folders, using
the following method.
Open a My Computer window and navigate to the location where you'd like My Music (or My Pictures) to reside.
Then, open the My Documents folder in a different window. Drag the My Music (or My Pictures) folder to the other
window, and Windows XP will update all of the references to that folder to the new location, including the Start
menu.
Add/Remove Optional Windows Components
For some reason, Microsoft has removed the ability to specify which Windows components you want to install
during interactive Setup, and when you go into Add/Remove Windows Components in the Control Panel, you still
don't have the full list of applications and applets you can add and remove. Thankfully, this is easy to fix.
To dramatically expand the list of applications you can remove from Windows XP after installation, navigate to
C:\WINDOWS\inf (substituting the correct drive letter for your version of Windows) and open the sysoc.inf file.
Under Windows XP Professional Edition RC1, this file will resemble the following by default:
[Version] Signature = "$Windows NT$"

DriverVer=06/26/2001,5.1.2505.0
[Components]
NtComponents=ntoc.dll,NtOcSetupProc,,4
WBEM=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,wbemoc.inf,hide,7
Display=desk.cpl,DisplayOcSetupProc,,7
Fax=fxsocm.dll,FaxOcmSetupProc,fxsocm.inf,,7
NetOC=netoc.dll,NetOcSetupProc,netoc.inf,,7
iis=iis.dll,OcEntry,iis.inf,,7
com=comsetup.dll,OcEntry,comnt5.inf,hide,7
dtc=msdtcstp.dll,OcEntry,dtcnt5.inf,hide,7
IndexSrv_System = setupqry.dll,IndexSrv,setupqry.inf,,7
TerminalServer=TsOc.dll, HydraOc, TsOc.inf,hide,2
msmq=msmqocm.dll,MsmqOcm,msmqocm.inf,,6
ims=imsinsnt.dll,OcEntry,ims.inf,,7
fp_extensions=fp40ext.dll,FrontPage4Extensions,fp40ext.inf,,7
AutoUpdate=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,au.inf,hide,7
msnexplr=ocmsn.dll,OcEntry,msnmsn.inf,,7
smarttgs=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,msnsl.inf,,7
RootAutoUpdate=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,rootau.inf,,7
Games=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,games.inf,,7
AccessUtil=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,accessor.inf,,7
CommApps=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,communic.inf,HIDE,7
MultiM=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,multimed.inf,HIDE,7
AccessOpt=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,optional.inf,HIDE,7
Pinball=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,pinball.inf,HIDE,7
MSWordPad=ocgen.dll,OcEntry,wordpad.inf,HIDE,7
ZoneGames=zoneoc.dll,ZoneSetupProc,igames.inf,,7
[Global]
WindowTitle=%WindowTitle%
WindowTitle.StandAlone="*"
The entries that include the text hide or HIDE will not show up in Add/Remove Windows Components by default.
To fix this, do a global search and replace for ,hide and change each instance of this to , (a comma). Then, save
the file, relaunch Add/Remove Windows Components, and tweak the installed applications to your heart's
content.
Remove Windows Messenger
I don't recommend this but In Windows XP, Windows Messenger will be the hub of your connection to the .NET
world, and now that this feature is part of Windows, I think we're going to see a lot of .NET Passport-enabled Web
sites appearing as well. But if you can't stand the little app, there are a couple of ways to get rid of it, and ensure
that it doesn't pop up every time you boot into XP. The best way simply utilizes the previous tip:
If you'd like Windows Messenger to show up in the list of programs you can add and remove from Windows,
navigate to C:\WINDOWS\inf (substituting the correct drive letter for your version of Windows) and open
sysoc.inf (see the previous tip for more information about this file). You'll see a line that reads:
Change this to the following and Windows Messenger will appear in Add or Remove Programs, then Add/Remove
Windows Components, then , and you can remove it for good:
msmsgs=msgrocm.dll,OcEntry,msmsgs.inf,7
Small Windows XP FAQ
Does the Home or Pro version include IIS?

Only the Pro version has it.
I installed the Pro version but I can't find IIS.

The Pro installation doesn't install IIS by default. Go to Start->Control Panels->Add/Remove Programs, and click
on "Add Windows Components". IIS will be listed in there.
How many computers can I install XP on?

Microsoft allows you to install XP on only one computer. Technically, it's been like this all along except there's
been no way to enforce it. Microsoft's new Authentication System forces XP installations to link the PC, the CD
Key, and an ID number that identifies your computer's components together, which means that you can't install
XP from the same CD on another PC. You can read more about Windows XP Activation if you click here.
Will my programs work under Windows XP?
That's a complicated issue. Most modern programs have been written to work on Windows 95 and above, all the
way to Windows XP using an API called Win32. By using this API, it guarantees that the application will work on
any Win32 supported platform, so long as the application was properly written to Microsoft's guidelines. If an
application wasn't written properly, it has the potential to break under not only XP, but any future OS. Now,
programs that ran under DOS might not work at all due to a whole slew of reasons. Any popular DOS applications
and games are sure to have a support forum, so check them out if you can.
Just in case your application doesn't work properly under Windows XP, there's a "Compatability Mode" in which
your application will run in an environment similar to a previous operating system. Currently, the operating
system choices are:
Windows 95
Windows 98/ME
Windows NT (Service Pack 5)
Windows 2000
So if you're having trouble with a particular application or game under XP, right click on the application's icon and
click on the "Compatability" tab. You can also set a forced resolution of 640x480, force 256 (8-bit) color, and
force the system to disable themes.
If I upgrade from Windows 98 or ME to Windows XP, can I revert back?

Yes, but I haven't done it myself so I don't know what the consequences are from upgrading, and then
downgrading again. If you upgraded, there should be an item in "Add/Remove Programs" that allows you to
uninstall XP. Note: if you upgraded to XP, and then changed your file system to NTFS, you cannot go back to 98
or ME since those operating systems don't understand how NTFS works.
Will my games work under Windows XP?

This is even more complicated than the application issue. Games are supposed to be written to not only the
Win32 API, but any one of many different graphics APIs such as Direct 3D or OpenGL. Sometimes games take a
"short cut" to gain better performance. Since Windows XP is built on a different core than Windows 95, 98, and
ME, it's possible that some games won't work. You can read more about games under XP by clicking here.
Can I watch DVDs on Windows XP?

Not "out of the box", unfortunately. Microsoft is forcing consumers to buy a "DVD Decoder Pack" to allow
playback of DVDs. You can read more about that by clicking here.
Can I listen to MP3s with Windows XP?

Yes. Windows Media Player will playback MP3s. If you're Yes. Windows Media Player will playback MP3s. If you're
having trouble playing MP3s with Windows Media Player, make sure you have the latest update.
Can I rip MP3s with Windows XP?

Just like the DVD issue, you cannot rip MP3s with XP "out of the box". You'll have to buy the "MP3 Pack" which
allows you to add MP3 ripping capabilities to Windows Media Player. However, you can use Music Match Jukebox
and other third-party rippers as you have before, so long as they work under XP (chances are they do, but check
the web pages of the applications to be sure). You can read more about music under XP by clicking here.
Can I have multiple operating systems installed on the same computer alongside Windows XP?
Yes. There's a procedure that's involved in order to do it properly. If you're installing Windows XP on a machine
that already has another Windows OS, you have to make sure that you can install XP on a seperate partition, or a
seperate hard drive. You cannot install XP on the same hard drive or partition that already has another operating
system on it, meaning two OS's can't share the same space at the same time. The key is to install Windows XP
last, this way the NT boot loader, which allows you to choose which OS to load at boot time, is installed by the XP
installer. Microsoft has an article about multibooting.
What are the requirements for running Windows XP?

The minimum requirements can be found by clicking here.
If I'm buying the XP upgrade version, do I have to install over my old OS, or can I install fresh?
You can most certainly install fresh. When installing XP, you'll be prompted for your previous OS's CD. Once XP
sees that it's a valid CD, you switch CDs again and the XP installer continues on its merry way.
What are the upgrade paths for Windows XP? Do I need to buy the full version?
All the valid upgrade paths for the Home and Pro versions can be found by clicking here.
I got a PC from with a restore CD instead of an actual Windows installer CD, is it considered valid for
an upgrade?
This is tricky. Some PC manufacturers give the user a "Restore CD" which, although has a version of Windows on
it, is nothing more than a "snapshot" of the hard drive when the user opened the box for the first time. Chances
are, when the XP upgrade asks for the previous Windows OS CD, it will reject the Restore CD since it wasn't
made by Microsoft. Your best bet would be to check with the manufacturer of your PC and see if you have an
upgrade option. I'm still looking on Microsoft's site for a definitive answer on this.
Will Windows 2000 drivers run under XP? I heard that XP is just Windows 2000 with a new face.
There's no guarantee that Win2k drivers will work under XP. I wouldn't suggest even trying since it might make
your system unstable. The best you can do is to check with your device's manufacturer first and see if they
already have XP drivers ready for you to download from their web site.
I see there are two versions of XP - Home and Professional. Which one should I get?
Microsoft did a very good job of splitting the two versions, and making sure that one group doesn't need the
features of the other flavor of XP. The only issue I can see i Microsoft did a very good job of splitting the two
versions, and making sure that one group doesn't need the features of the other flavor of XP. The only issue I can
see is the multi-processor support you get from the Pro version, and if it will affect gaming. Click here to read
Microsoft's comparison of the two.
Protect your Identity
Like many other audio players, Windows Media Player rushes out to the Internet to find information for you when
you play a CD. Some of this information, such as song titles and album art, is useful, but Media Player also
identifies your copy of Media Player to the site where it's getting data. Why? According to the help file, "The
server uses this unique identifier to monitor your connection. By monitoring your connection, the server can
make adjustments to increase the playback quality and to alert you about events that occur when receiving
streams over the Internet."
If you're disturbed by this exchange of information, here's how to stop it. In Windows Media Player, click Tools >
Options and go to the Player tab. Notice the option that says "Allow Internet sites to uniquely identify your
player?" Turn it off.
Multiuser Features and Advanced Settings
Like Windows 2000, but unlike Windows 95, 98, and Me, the ability to log in multiple users simultaneously plays a
big role in Windows XP. There is a default Administrator account set up when Windows XP is first installed, but
you can create as many accounts as you need later, depending on how many people will be using the machine.
Each user, once he or she has an account, can customize XP to his or her liking. Individual users get their own
subfolders in the Documents And Settings folder; this folder serves as a centralized location for most personalized
information, such as the Start Menu, Favorites, and Documents settings.
Missing Administrator account
Once you have created regular user accounts, the default Administrator account vanishes from the Welcome
screen, which you see when the computer starts up. Press Ctrl-Alt-Delete twice at the Welcome screen to retrieve
the standard logon dialog. You can log on as Administrator from here. To switch among accounts, just click the
Log Off button on the Start menu. You'll then see the Log Off Windows dialog box. Click the Switch User button,
and you'll be taken to the Welcome screen where you can select and log on to other accounts.
Show yourself
Only the Administrator can set up new user accounts (go to Control Panel > User Accounts > Create A New
Account). You can select a picture to identify the account. When you're logged on to the system under your
username, this picture, along with your username, peeks out at you from the top of the Start menu. There are a
slew of 48x48-pixel bitmap images to choose from within XP. They're housed in D:\Documents And Settings\All
Users\Application Data\Microsoft\User Account Pictures\Default Pictures. But why limit yourself? You can also
copy any graphic you want into this folder or browse for another from your hard drive. Usable file types are BMP,
GIF, JPEG, or PNG. However, always use a square picture, to limit the white space on the side. Your image can be
any size but will be displayed as 48x48-pixel image, so a close-up works best.
Hide yourself
Once you've created a user account, password-protect it to keep other users from viewing your files, Favorites,
and cookies. Why? You may not want your child to see the note that you're sending to his or her teacher, or you
may be planning someone's surprise party. (Note: Anyone with an Administrator account can still see them.)
Worried about remembering your password?
Create a hint to help you when you initially create it by following the prompts during setup. XP stores the
password hints in the Registry at Hkey_local_machine\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Current Version\Hints.
What if the hint doesn't help?
Any user or Administrator can create a password reset disk, which you can use to log on and create a new
password. Go to Control Panel > User Accounts and select "Prevent a forgotten password" in the Related Tasks
box on the left. Follow the wizard's instructions. After creating the disk, find a safe place for it. Don't forget the
password or where you put the disk. Someone else could use it to change your password without you knowing it.
Display the Quick Launch Bar
If you have opened more than one program, you might like to display and use the Quick Launch bar. The Quick
Launch bar makes it easy to access frequently used programs like Windows Media Player and your e-mail, and to
open an Internet Explorer window. Windows XP loads several programs in the Quick Launch, including Show
Desktop. One click on Show Desktop minimizes all the programs on your desktop. Another click restores them
just as you'd left them.
To display Quick Launch on the taskbar
1. If the Quick Launch bar is not displayed, right-click an empty area on the taskbar and click Properties.
2. On the Taskbar tab, under Taskbar appearance, select the Show Quick Launch check box and click OK.
After Quick Launch is displayed, click Show Desktop to minimize all open programs.
Microsoft Product Activation
Microsoft Product Activation which will only allow you to install Windows XP on one system at a time. Under this
new policy, you must use the CD Key code that comes with the software to install the operating system. You'll
then have 30 days in which to contact Microsoft, either via the Internet or by telephone, and activate the
software.
When you do, you won't have to give Microsoft any personal information, just your CD Key code. Microsoft will
assign you an activation code, which you'll then enter in the appropriate text box in the Microsoft Product
Activation wizard. If you don't activate the software within the 30-day period, you won't be able to boot Windows
XP past a dialog box that prompts you to enter activation code.
When you enter the activation code, it supposedly analyzes your system's specific hardware configuration,
generates some hardware ID code based on this information, and then associates the activation code with this
hardware ID code. If for some reason you have to reinstall Windows XP on the same system, you'll be able to use
the same activation code.
If you purchase an additional computers and you want to install Windows XP on your new system instead, you'll
need to reactivate the software. While Microsoft says it's possible to install it on another machine, it's unclear
how exactly this will work under its license agreement. Consumers should refer to the terms of their license
agreement to determine whether or not it is legal to transfer a license to another computer. But in those cases
where it is allowed, the product must first be removed from the previous computer. Users may be required to
complete the activation on the new computer by placing a call to the Microsoft Activation Center. The details are
still a bit hazy, but you can be sure that Microsoft will figure them out before the release.
If you only have one PC and rarely reinstall the operating system, this really won't be a problem. but, if you have
multiple PCs in your home, you won't be able to buy one copy of Windows XP and install it on all the PCs in your
home. Instead, you'll need to buy one copy for each system.
This may sound harsh, it's actually been a part of the Microsoft End-User License Agreement for years. The only
difference is that now Microsoft has developed a physical way to enforce what the paper license has said all
along.
No Java in Windows XP
Microsoft has announced it will not include support for the Java programming language in the upcoming Windows
XP. After settling a lawsuit with Java creator Sun Microsystems in January, the software giant decided the easiest
way to prevent further litigation was to simply remove the code entirely.
The settlement stipulated that Microsoft would no longer license Java from Sun, and refrain from stating that
Windows is "Java Compatible." Outdated Java support will remain available as an added download from Windows
Update if required. Java's removal from the software giant's new operating system comes on the heels of
announcements surrounding .NET, Microsoft Web services based on XML.
These services are accessed over the Internet from a variety of devices. Coincidentally, Sun has been developing
its own Java-based version of .NET, dubbed Jini. However, Microsoft vehemently denies claims that it intends to
phase out support for Java as an attack on Sun.
Prepare your Hardware
Windows XP is a cat's cradle of all the Windows versions that precede it. Some of its
features and functions mimic Windows 95/98 and Millennium Edition; some act like
Windows 2000; others are all new. As a rule, however, this OS does everything on a
big scale. It demands higher system requirements than we've seen before for a
consumer or business desktop OS. Any newer PC--one less than two years old--
should certainly meet or exceed the minimums. In fact, if you're currently running
Windows Me, you can probably squeak by with a slower-than-recommended CPU, but
Windows XP setup will not proceed without the required minimum processor,
memory, disk space, or video capability (640x480 is not an option). Not sure if you
have what it takes? Read on.
Meet XP's minimum requirements
Windows XP:
233MHz CPU (300MHz or higher recommended)
64MB of RAM
1.5GB of free disk space
Super-VGA (800x600 resolution) video adapter and monitor
CD-ROM or DVD drive
Microsoft Mouse or compatible pointing device

Obviously, more is better; exceeding these recommendations will only improve your
system's performance. Your CPU's speed and the amount of RAM you have is usually
shown on the screen when you turn on your PC. Based on our experience, your disk
drive should support Ultra-ATA66 or ATA100 IDE and have a fast average seek time of
10 milliseconds or less with 256-512KB of on-drive cache buffering.
Your video card should be a PCI version with 4MB or more of video RAM; AGP is even
better. Your CD-ROM drive should be a late-model ATAPI device providing 8X, 12X or
16X performance. Your sound card should also be a late-model, name-brand PCI
version.
The specifications for your CD-ROM or hard drive are usually printed on the label on
the drive itself. The drives included with most systems built since 1999 should meet
these specs just fine. You can look up the specs for your devices by their model
numbers on the equipment manufacturer's Web site. Don't know the make or model
of the hard drive, CD-ROM drive, or video or sound card you have? You can look
these up through Start > Settings > Control Panel > System; select the Device
Manager tab, then double-click the devices in the list.
Older I/O cards that use the ISA I/O slots (usually the longer black connectors on
your system board) will perform slower than cards that use PCI (typically white
connectors) or AGP (typically green connectors) I/O slots on your system board, and
could make it harder for Plug and Play and Windows to configure your system.
System boards with built-in video and sound features already use the PCI bus, so
they're as fast as they are going to get.
Like Windows Millennium Edition, NT, and 2000, XP does not load DOS or real-mode
drivers and programs before Windows start-up. If XP recognizes your hardware, it will
try to use its own new drivers, but if you have a very old (say pre-1995 or 1996) CD-
ROM drive or an ISA-bus sound card that required drivers to be loaded in your
C:\config.sys and C:\autoexec.bat files, XP may not support those devices. For
performance reasons, you probably want newer hardware anyway.
Hint: We've found that, in many cases, if your hardware or peripherals lack XP driver
support, you can download and install Windows 2000 drivers for the devices, and
they will work just fine, although you may get a pop-up message from XP telling you
that the drivers you are installing are unsigned (not registered with Microsoft) and
therefore not proven to work. Fortunately, you can use XP's System Restore feature
to keep track of things before and after you try them and back out if you need to.
Additional hardware requirements
Now that you have the baseline requirements, here are a few items you'll need to
fully take advantage of Windows XP.
Windows XP:
For using the Internet in general and

Microsoft's .Net Internet-based services
28.8Kbps modem for dial-up or
and features (including Passport
cable, DSL, or wireless Internet
credentials, e-mail, Microsoft Messenger,
connection through an ISP;
voice and videoconferencing, Remote
Microsoft Passport account
Assistance, Remote Desktop, and
application sharing):
Videoconferencing camera;
For voice and videoconferencing over the
microphone and sound card
Internet, both parties also need:
with speakers or headset
Windows XP on the helper's PC

For Remote Assistance: and a connection between the
two (local network or Internet)
Sound card and speakers or

For sound:
headphones
DVD drive and DVD decoder

For DVD video playback: card or DVD decoder software;
8MB of video RAM
Video-capture feature requires

appropriate digital or analog
For Windows Movie Maker: video-capture device and
400MHz or higher processor for
digital video camera capture
Check with hardware companies
Windows XP should recognize and run on any hardware that supports Windows 98 or
Me (again, excepting any device that requires a DOS-level driver). This includes your
PC's motherboard, BIOS, and chipsets. Since XP is based on Windows 2000, most, if
not all, Windows 2000 hardware drivers should work with XP.
If in doubt, or if a Windows 2000 driver doesn't work, check your system's and device
manufacturers' Web sites or Microsoft's list for information about compatibility.
Microsoft's XP Web pages also list dozens of XP-ready PCs, and the company will soon
publish a downloadable copy of Upgrade Advisor, a tool that tests system and
software compatibility. The Windows XP CD also contains several vendor-specific text
and HTML files in the i386compdata folder that indicate precautions and exceptions
for many vendors' devices that may or may not work under XP. Be prepared for some
disappointment: it's up to manufacturers to decide whether they can or want to
create new drivers for their older products. Some manufacturers did not update their
drivers for older (1994-1999) hardware to work with Me or 2000; they may not
create new drivers for XP, either. This could apply to products just a year or two old,
leaving your relatively new toys to become doorstops or flea-market stock.
Windows XP Authentication
It wouldn't be fair to start off without placing a link to Microsoft's article about Windows XP activation. In a
nutshell, XP Activation is an anti-piracy technology that links your computer to the CD that installed XP. This way,
if someone tries to install XP from the same CD, when XP installation goes out to the internet to activate XP, it will
see that the CD that XP is being installed from already has a PC linked with it, and that the PC that it's currently
being installed on isn't that same PC that's in the Microsoft database. If this happens, you can use XP for a
certain period of time, but after that time (I think it was changed to 30 days), you cannot boot back into XP on
that second PC without calling Microsoft and getting a 50-digit activation code.
At first I thought it was a little extreme, and I still think it is. Technically, according to the EULA, you can only
install Windows on one PC.
You can find the End User License Agreement (EULA) in c:\windows\system32\eula.txt if you need to refer back
to it after installation.
Windows XP and DVD
Nowadays, PCs are sold with either a DVD-ROM drive, or a CD-R drive. There are drives that do both, there are
even drives that burn both. Either way, those of you with DVD-ROM drives will want to know if you can play DVD
movies on your XP machine. XP out of the box won't play DVD Video. DVD's video is stored in a format called
"MPEG 2", and you need an MPEG decoder to get the video off the DVD into a format that the computer can show
you.
Without yet installing any third-party applications, I popped in my DVD of Fantasia 2000. XP asked me which
application I wanted to open the disc with and I selected "Windows Media Player" since it was the only option -
the other one being "Do Nothing". When WMP started I got a message box saying "WMP cannot play DVDs
because there is no DVD decoder".
As a registered user of PowerDVD 3.0, I installed it on my XP machine. After reboot, I got an error about a
missing ASPI file, but ignored it. I rebooted again and the message didn't come up a second time. Update Oct.
16, 2001: After installing PowerDVD 3 under the retail version of Windows XP Pro, this message no longer shows
up. The error happened under Win XP Home Edition RC2. I started Power DVD 3.0 and without any hassle,
Fantasia 2000 was playing on my PC.
I don't know the exact reason why Microsoft chose not to include DVD decoding in their XP operating system,
especially since Apple includes DVD decoding in MacOS 9 and the soon to be released MacOS 10.1.
Update: Microsoft announced MP3 and DVD support via third-party add-on packs, available on Oct. 25, 2001.
Windows XP support OpenGL
Although the operating system does not have built-in support for the 3D graphics standard, according to
Microsoft. However, XP does support the graphics standard OpenGL by way of your video card drivers. If you're
getting graphics errors after you upgrade to Windows XP, check your video settings (click Control Panel > Display
> Properties > Settings > Advanced > Adapter) for OpenGL controls. If you don't see any, check with your video
card's maker to get updated video drivers for Windows XP.
XP expires
To reduce instances of "casual copying" (a nice name for software piracy), Microsoft has implemented a two-stage
antipiracy scheme in its upcoming OS. The first stage is the installation and registration counter: this lets you
install Windows XP only five times on the same system. (Note that you'll be able to install the final version of XP
on only one machine, as opposed to the current beta, which can be installed on five machines for testing
purposes.) The second stage creates a profile of the system to prevent you from reinstalling or registering the OS
on different PCs.
To make this scheme work, you must activate your copy of Windows--over the Internet or by calling for an
activation code--within 30 days of installation. Activation differs from a classic registration process in that no
personal information is requested by or sent to Microsoft, just a record that a specific copy of Windows XP is
installed on your specific PC. If you fail to activate your copy of the OS within 30 days, your login will fail. (Since
XP is based on Windows NT-like privilege levels, you can't use your computer until you log on.)
Microsoft says the scheme should not prevent you from reinstalling your copy of XP on your PC as many times as
you need to, as long as it's the same PC or close to it, allowing for some hardware changes. It's the "some" that
has most folks worried. In theory, you might have to reactivate your OS if you upgrade significantly or swap out a
lot of components because XP might think it's running on a new PC. So far, Microsoft isn't saying what system
information the OS uses to determine the "same PC or close to it" status. That means we don't know to what
degree you can upgrade your hardware before you cross the invisible line. We also don't know how much, if any,
personally identifiable data Microsoft is gathering from your PC.
Microsoft says you can, of course, change at least one and possibly several hardware components--RAM, video or
sound cards, CPUs, motherboards, and so on--without having to reactivate your OS. But if you try to reinstall
your copy of Windows XP on what Microsoft calls a "different or significantly upgraded or changed PC" (again, the
company declined to specify how different), the activation will most likely be rejected, requiring you to call
Microsoft to explain and get a new (free) activation code.
Microsoft plans to set up a new call center for U.S.-based customers to expedite activation issues. Many non-U.S.
customers will likely have to go through the existing, shared Microsoft technical support lines they currently use.
Microsoft says it expects only 2 percent of the total installed base of Windows XP to have to reactivate the OS.
Whether the anti-piracy initiative will present problems for consumers or result in fewer upgrades to XP remains
to be seen. Remember, the final release is at least a few months off.
Everything You Ever Needed to know about Microsoft Passport
Whether you know it or not, if you've ever signed up for a Hotmail account, you have a Passport account, too.
And that's a good thing, because if you want to access Microsoft's Web support site these days, you must enter a
Passport ID and a password. So what gives? What is this thing called Passport?
Microsoft Passport is an online identification system that assigns a unique ID to individual Web surfers. Once you
sign up for Passport, Microsoft provides access to a variety of its own services, including the new Windows
Messenger chat program in Windows XP. And, thanks to a lot of crafty business development work from Microsoft,
you can also use Passport to sign in to dozens of non-Microsoft sites, including Starbucks.com and Costco Online.
Microsoft intends to make Passport the undisputed ID system for the Internet, and its ambitious plan has
consumer watchdogs, privacy advocates, and Microsoft's competitors up in arms. We'll tell you what all the
controversy is about and whether you really need a Passport.
What is Passport?
Passport is Microsoft's online authentication service. Once you have a Passport account, you can use your e-mail
address and password to log in to and shop a variety of Web sites and services. Many in-house Microsoft sites
(such as tech support) and services (such as Windows Messenger in Windows XP) require a Passport account or
will soon, along with a growing number of non-Microsoft sites, including OfficeMax.com and Victoria's Secret.
Passport is a part of Microsoft's .Net initiative, an ambitious plan to deliver software and services to businesses
and consumers via the Web. Ultimately, Microsoft wants to turn Passport into the premiere authentication system
for the Internet, but the company expects plenty of competition in the near future.
Passport comes in two flavors: sign-in and wallet. You need a sign-in account to use Microsoft's consumer
services, including free e-mailer Hotmail, MSN Internet Access, and Windows Messenger. If you have a Hotmail or
MSN account, you already have Passport: simply use your Hotmail or MSN address and password at sites that
require a Passport sign-in.
The Passport wallet service lets you buy services and products online without having to reenter billing and
payment information at every participating site; it's similar to Amazon.com's one-click shopping. Currently,
however, only a limited number of non-Microsoft Web sites use the Passport sign-in and wallet. To date, Microsoft
hasn't announced any plans to increase the number of sites.
How do I get Passport, and what am I in for?

When you create a Passport account, you're allowing Microsoft to maintain your online identity. Although that
sounds vaguely Orwellian, it's really not as intrusive as you might think--especially if you skip the wallet option.
To sign on at the official Passport site, for example, simply enter an e-mail address and a password. You don't
have to provide your name, address, or any other personal information.
If you want both a Passport and an e-mail account, sign up for Hotmail, Microsoft's free e-mail service. You'll
need to surrender a few extra personal details, here, including a sign-in name, password, zip code, e-mail
address, country of residence, region or city, and a secret question and answer (in case you forget your password
and need to recover it). Once your Hotmail account is active, your e-mail address and password will get you into
Passport-enabled sites.
A Passport wallet account requires the most information, including purchasing information (for example, credit
card numbers and billing addresses). Often referred to as e-wallets, online ID services such as the Passport wallet
offer online shoppers many conveniences. For instance, you won't have to reenter billing and payment
information every time you make a purchase online. Microsoft isn't the only player in the fledgling online ID
market. Both VeriSign and Liberty Alliance, the latter is an industry consortium led by Sun Microsystems, are
developing competing authentication systems.
Can I use Passport on my site?

As you may have heard, Microsoft has also made Passport available to Web developers, so if any Webmaster
wants his or her site to have a built-in ID system, there's no need to reinvent the wheel. To put Passport on your
site, you must install Passport Manager software on your Web server. For more information on how to Passport-
enable your site, check out this Business Services page. One of the benefits of online authentication systems such
as Passport is that they save Net businesses from the expense and hassle of creating their own ID schemes.
Currently, Microsoft is waiving licensing fees for businesses, though it plans to charge a "nominal" annual fee in
the future.
What is .Net, and how is Passport related to it?

Microsoft .Net is Microsoft's platform for delivering Web services to a variety of Internet-connected devices (such
as handhelds and phones), regardless of programming language or operating system, including Mac, Linux, and
Windows. In theory, .Net will allow different applications on different platforms to communicate and share data
over the Internet. It's the foundation of Microsoft's software-as-services business model. (The Redmond company
ultimately plans to charge subscription fees for the use of its applications.) Windows XP features the first batch of
.Net services, including Windows Messenger, Web Publishing Wizard, and the Online Print Ordering Wizard (for
purchasing paper prints of digital photos). Passport is the authentication system for .Net, so you'll need a
Passport account to use future and current .Net services.
Will Passport help Microsoft monopolize the Internet?

Microsoft already dominates the PC software market, from operating systems to browsers to office suites. But it's
too early to say who will control the online authentication market. Passport isn't the only player in the online ID
game. Liberty Alliance, a consortium led by Sun Microsystems, General Motors, Fidelity Investments, and other
industry titans, plans to launch a competing service. However, it's unclear when this service will be ready or even
what its name will be. So far, Passport is the best-developed online authentication scheme. In any event, once
the competing Net ID systems are available, Microsoft claims that Passport will be interoperable with them,
similar to the way banks and their respective ATMs share financial information.
What's all the hoopla about Passport and security?

In the wake of two recent, well-publicized security breaches involving Hotmail and Microsoft's Internet
Information Server, some analysts and privacy advocates question Microsoft's ability to ensure customer security.
Microsoft is also a popular target among unscrupulous hackers, who are constantly trying to find holes in various
Microsoft programs.
To be fair, Microsoft does as much as any other company to protect your data from hackers and thieves.
According to the company, your information is stored on secure servers in a controlled environment, safe from
hackers and physical intruders. When you log in to or buy something from a Passport-enabled site, the server
sends your billing and contact information in encrypted form (using the Triple DES encryption). Still, potential
Passport customers should consider these security issues before signing up--or deciding not to.
Will anyone sell my Passport information?

Security aside, privacy groups such as the Electronic Privacy Information Center are apprehensive about
Microsoft's and other Passport participants' plans for your data. For example, once you start using your Passport
account, will vendors track your Net activities and purchases? Will they sell your personal data to marketers?
Microsoft says they won't. Passport's privacy policy lets you, the consumer, choose (during account setup)
whether to grant Microsoft the right to share your data with third parties. And Passport's architecture doesn't
allow Microsoft to see what you're buying online, according to Directions on Microsoft analyst Matt Rosoff.
Microsoft possesses only the information you surrendered at sign-up (e-mail address, password, and so on).
While Microsoft can share this information with its Passport partners--such as when you sign on to a participating
site--it can't share it with other companies without your consent.
But what about Passport partner sites? Unfortunately, things get a little murky here. While Microsoft insists that
its partners must have privacy policies, it does not dictate the terms of these policies. Microsoft "strongly
encourages" Passport users to read its partners' privacy policies before they log in to or share information with a
partner site.
What's a Kids Passport?

Microsoft offers a Passport service for pups, but it's designed to keep your children safe while they surf (rather
than to get them shopping). Many Web sites customarily collect personal information from visitors, regardless of
age. But according to the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act of 1998 (COPPA), commercial sites must obtain
parental consent before collecting, using, or disclosing personal information on anyone under 13. Microsoft's Kids
Passport service is designed to help enforce that rule.
The Kids Passport lets parents control what information their children share with Passport sites. When your child
tries to sign on to or share information with a Passport site, he or she is denied access until approval is received
from a parent. If you're in the same room as your child, you can walk over to the PC and enter your Passport ID
and password to allow her access to, say, MSN.com. If you're at work, your child can e-mail you a request for
permission to enter the site. Kids Passport is free, but you will need to provide a credit card number to set up an
account. (Microsoft says it uses this information to verify your identity.)
Passport options
Can I use Passport if I don't have Windows?

Despite the Microsoft label, Passport isn't just for Windows. Whether you have a Mac, a Linux machine, or a Unix
box, you can sign up for Passport as long as you have a Web browser.
Can I pass on Passport and still buy stuff on the Web?

If you'd rather not shop the Microsoft way, don't panic. You don't need Passport to shop online--well, not yet,
anyway. Major retail Web sites such as Amazon.com and Kmart's BlueLight.com have their own proprietary
authentication systems. For instance, once you've made a purchase at Amazon, the site stores your name, credit
card number, and mailing address in its own database. As frequent Amazon shoppers know, the next time you
buy the latest Harry Potter epic, your billing and payment information will appear automatically in the appropriate
fields (after you enter your password, of course). And, like Amazon, Passport offers single-click shopping.
That said, however, you will need Passport to shop at many participating sites, such as Starbucks.com. Some
vendors, however, including Costco Online, accept Passport but also allow you to register directly with the site
without going through Passport.
Can I use Windows XP without Passport?

We've all heard rumors that Microsoft forces XP users to sign up for Passport. Well, we're happy to report that it's
not true. Neither XP's product activation nor its product registration will automatically register you for the
Passport service.
That doesn't mean XP is Passport-free. Some elements of the OS do require a Passport account, including
Windows Messenger, the built-in upgrade to Microsoft's MSN Messenger chat program. (Of course, MSN
Messenger also requires Passport, so it's not a major change.)
Do I really need Passport?

If you regularly access Microsoft content sites, such as MSN or bCentral, or if you want to use Hotmail, Windows
Messenger, or even MSN Messenger, you will need a Passport account. You'll also need one if you use Microsoft
software and want access to online technical support. But plenty of sites on the Web are still Passport-free.
The Windows XP File Systems
When installing Windows XP from scratch, it prompts you to select from two different file systems: FAT32 and
NTFS. As expected, it gives no real reason why you should select one or the other, and defaults to NTFS.
FAT32
If you're installing on a dual-boot system where you would have a FAT32 partition (default type for Windows 98
and SE for partitions over 2GB), you may run into problems depending on your situation. The FAT32 file system
was created when the size of hard drives exceeded 2GB. The previous file system for DOS and Windows 95 was
FAT16, which offered at most 2GB of allocation on your hard drive. This of course is useless for today's hard
drives when you can't find anything under 10GB anymore. Where FAT16 allowed a 2GB maximum, FAT32 only
allows a 32GB maximum. If your hard drive is over 32GB, you'll have to split it into separate partitions, or use
NTFS.
NTFS
NTFS was introduced with Windows NT. Among the reasons why it was introduced, it allowed partitions greater
than what's even offered today, and boasts better performance and security. Focusing on security, it's possible
that while an NTFS hard drive is secure when running Windows XP, there's no easy way to get back into the hard
drive if you boot from an emergency floppy that only sees a FAT16 or FAT32 partition, such as what you'd get
from a 98 or ME emergency floppy. The security in NTFS actually prevents you from circumventing its own file
system from a boot floppy. This means that if for some reason your hard drive becomes unusable and you need
to move data off of it, the task won't be as easy as it was when using Windows 95, 98, and ME. The solution that
the user has in this situation is to boot from the Windows XP CD and run a repair on the hard drive. This should
fix any problems the user had with the system and bring it back to a bootable state. The other issue is in dual-
boot situations. Running under NTFS, you can see FAT16 and FAT32 partitions, but if you boot back into Windows
ME, you can't see the NTFS partition. This is a problem if you downloaded something to your XP partition and you
want to move it to your ME partition while running under ME. Also, if you upgraded ME to XP and you convert
your file system from FAT32 to NTFS, you cannot go back to Windows ME since ME can't run under NTFS.
However, only NTFS allows you to set permissions on individual folders so that you can control who sees what.
Converting from FAT32 to NTFS at a later time

If you want, under Windows XP you can convert your FAT32 partition to NTFS using the following command from
your Command Prompt:
convert c: /fs:ntfs
Conclusion
With all this information, find what suits your needs and go with it. If you're the kind of person that backs up
regularly, go with NTFS. Same if you want to use a partition over 32GB without partitioning. If you want to play it
safe, or if you want the ability to transfer files from one partition to another under a dual-boot situation, stick
with FAT32. If you want to read more about these file systems, Microsoft has an excellent article on their web
site.
Add sound to almost every event in Windows
XP comes with a new set of sounds that will surely add pizzazz to the way you work in Windows. But there's one
problem -- you need to actually turn on the Windows default sound scheme before you'll be able to hear them.
To turn on the Windows XP default sound scheme, follow these directions:
Single-click the Start menu.

Single-click the Control Panel.
Single-click the Sounds, Speech, and Audio Devices icon.
Single-click the Sounds and Audio Devices icon or the text labeled "Change the sound scheme."
Make sure you're on the Sound tab and locate the pull-down menu under Sound scheme.
Select the Windows Default option and press Apply. Windows will ask you if you want to save the previous sound
scheme. Since there wasn't a sound scheme already loaded, just choose No.
If you look under the text labeled "Program events," you'll be able to sample your new sounds or customize them
with your own. Read Customize Events Sounds if you'd like to learn how to do this yourself.
Classic Look Make XP look just like older versions of Windows
If you're like me, you probably have grown way too close to the familiar Windows interface. That's OK. I don't
adjust well to change either.
After installing XP you may notice the revamped interface looks nothing like the old one. I was completely thrown
back when I tried using it for the first time, but I suspect that over time the new interface will begin to grow on
you as it has with me.
Therefore, to ease your transition to the new OS, make a simple adjustment to XP to give it that classic look.
Here's how to do it:

Right-click your Desktop and select Properties.
On the Desktop Display properties, click the Appearance tab.
Under the Windows and buttons pull-down menu, select Windows Classic.
Click Apply to see your new look.
Click OK to close the Desktop Display properties.
Volume Icon in Taskbar
It's really handy to have access to the Volume Control panel in the event you quickly need to move the volume
slider up or down. In its default state, XP ships with almost a clean slate for both the desktop and taskbar. So, if
you'd like to place the volume control icon in the taskbar, you're going to need to make a little adjustment.
To place the volume control icon in the taskbar, follow these steps:
Single-click the Start menu.

Single-click Control Panel.
Single-click Sound, Speech, and Audio Devices.
Single-click Sounds and Audio Devices to launch the Sound and Audio Devices properties.
On the Volume tab, locate the text labeled "Device Volume" and place a check mark next to the text labeled
"Place volume icon in the taskbar."
Single-click Apply.
You should now have the volume icon in the taskbar. Now all you need to do is double-click this icon to bring up
your Volume Control panel.
Make XP display a custom screen saver using your very own pictures
It used to be darn near impossible to create a personal screen saver using your own photo collection. To do this,
you had to track down a third-party application and sloppily piece together your pictures to create a screen saver.
Well, the engineers at Microsoft must have realized they hated third-party applications and decided enough was
enough. XP can take any pictures stored in your "My Pictures" folder and display them in random order as a
screen saver.
To make a personal screen saver in XP, follow these directions:
Right-click an empty spot on your desktop and choose Properties.

Click the Screen Saver tab inside the Display Properties dialog box.
In the Screen Saver pull-down menu, choose "My Pictures Slideshow."
Underneath the Screen Saver pull-down menu, adjust the time of inactivity before Windows will initiate your
screen saver.
Click Settings to make additional adjustments. You'll be able to adjust transition effects between pictures, how
frequently they change, what size the pictures should be, and more.
Click OK when you're done tweaking the settings adjustments.
Press the Preview button to see what your screen saver looks like.
If everything is to your liking, click Apply.
Custom User Icons
If you plan on getting a copy of XP, one of the first things you're going to do is set up a user account. Why not
give your user account its very own picture? It's OK if you don't want to use a picture of your own because
Windows comes with at least 20 beautiful pictures to choose from.
Here's how you can customize your user account icon.
Single-click the start menu and choose Control Panel.

Single-click the User Accounts icon.
Find the user account you'd like to change the icon for and click on it.
Click the text that says "Change My Picture."
You'll have the option to either pick one of the predefined icons or choose your own.
If you like one of the predefined icons, just highlight the one you like and click the button labeled "Change
Picture."
If you'd like to use your own picture, just click the magnifying glass or the text labeled "Browse for more
pictures." This will launch a dialog box directing you to navigate to where your new picture is stored. After you
find it, just click Open to save your new changes.
Password Recovery Disk
Take preventive measures against losing user-level passwords.
It doesn't matter if you never again remember a Windows user password. Thanks to XP's Forgotten Password
Wizard, your conscience will be free and clear -- should your mind happen to accidentally misplace your user
password.
I highly suggest you create a password recovery disk the minute you create your user account. Why? In order to
create a password recovery disk you're going to need your password. Write it down the minute you create your
user account and then proceed to creating your very own password recovery disk.
Here's how to launch the Forgotten Password Wizard:
Single-click Start menu, Control Panel, and User Accounts.

Click your user account name.
Under Related Tasks on the left, click "Prevent forgotten password" to launch the wizard.
Now that you've launched the wizard, let it walk you through creating the recovery disk. Make sure the disk you
use is formatted and in the drive. After it's finished creating the disk, label it and stash it away for an emergency.
If you happen to forget your password, all you need to do is click your user icon at the logon screen. Even though
you don't have your password, go ahead and click the green arrow just like you would to finish logging on to your
computer. This will launch a little yellow dialog box directing you to use your password recovery disk.
Windows XP and Symmetric Multiprocessing
Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) is a technology that allows a computer to use more than one processor. The
most common configuration of an SMP computer is one that uses two processors. The two processors are used to
complete your computing tasks faster than a single processor. (Two processors aren't necessarily twice as fast as
a single processor, though.)
In order for a computer to take advantage of a multiprocessor setup, the software must be written for use with
an SMP system. If a program isn't written for SMP, it won't take advantage of SMP. Not every program is written
for SMP; SMP applications, such as image-editing programs, video-editing suites, and databases, tend to be
processor intensive.
SMP in Windows XP
Operating systems also need to be written for SMP in order to use multiple processors. In the Windows XP family,
only XP Professional supports SMP; XP Home does not. If you're a consumer with a dual-processor PC at home,
you have to buy XP Professional. Windows XP Advanced Server also supports SMP.
In Microsoft's grand scheme, XP Professional is meant to replace Windows 2000, which supports SMP. In fact, XP
Professional uses the same kernel as Windows 2000. XP Home is designed to replace Windows Me as the
consumer OS, and Windows Me does not support SMP.
The difference between XP Professional and XP Home is more than just $100 and SMP support. XP Professional
has plenty of other features not found in XP Home; some you'll use, others you won't care about. Get more
information on the differences by reading this article.
XP Game Compatibility
You want to know if all your favorite games are still going to run under Windows XP. Remember what happened
when we tried to run games on our Windows 2000 machines? Sometimes we were a little disappointed. Windows
2000 was made more for corporate applications than "Quake," but true techno-geeks know they don't have to
sacrifice death matches for a robust business environment -- at least not anymore.
Windows XP has shown an impressive track record of game compatibility. We ran a number of standard games,
such as "Tiger Woods Golf," "NHL 2001," "Max Payne," and "Unreal" on our Windows XP Professional machine.
Some of these games were specifically slated for Windows 95 and 98, and were shown not to work in Windows
2000. The installation in XP was as smooth as silk. The games ran quickly and beautifully -- not a problem in
sight (except for my bad chip shot -- Tiger was hanging his head in shame).
Some less-sophisticated programs may not run as smoothly, and we found that some older applications, such as
the Atari 2600 Classic Game Collection, did not appreciate the Windows XP environment. In this case you can use
the Application Compatibility Wizard, found in the accessories menu. XP includes integrated compatibility layers
to mimic older versions of Windows, so if your program does not work in Windows XP, the compatibility wizard
will walk you through the process of getting even your favorite DOS games up and running. In this case, we ran
the Atari Classic Game Collection in the Windows 95 environment, at 256 colors and 640x480 screen resolution.
Then we set XP to always run our Atari application in this environment, and everything was smooth sailing after
that.
One final tip about compatibility: Don't run the compatibility wizard if your program appears to be running well in
the normal environment, as the wizard will give you an error message. In general, XP has great program
compatibility, so you can upgrade your operating system without giving up all your old favorites.
Windows XP Step-by-Step Installation Instructions
These steps are for a clean install of XP. Read this article for steps on upgrading your current system to XP.
First, you're going to need to change your BIOS boot order to boot from CD-ROM. Once you do this you'll then be
able to boot your computer from the Installation CD.
After changing the boot order in BIOS, save the changes, and then reboot your computer. Make sure your
Installation CD is in your CD-ROM. If it is you'll be prompted to press your space bar to directly boot from CD-
ROM emulation. Press your space bar as soon as you see this message.
Wait a few minutes while the installation begins to copy the preliminary setup files to your computer. After this
completes you'll be ready to start directing the install process.
You will be asked if you want to perform a new installation, repair an existing installation, or quit. In this case,
you will be performing a new install. Press the correct key to perform a new installation.
Read the terms of the end user license agreement, and press F8 to agree.
The next phase of the installation is real similar to that of Windows 2000. So, if you're familiar with the Windows
2000 installation process this should be a cinch.
Basically, you need to decide which partition of your hard drive you will install Windows XP on. You will have the
opportunity to create and/or delete partitions or just allocate the available disk space to one partition. However,
try to keep your partitions within reasonable size.
We recommend using multiple partitions of 4-8GB, preferably on more than one hard drive. This will help you
back up your data and optimize system performance later on down the road. Once you have figured out which
partition XP will be installed on it's time to format it.
Choose to format the partition to either FAT32 or NTFS (recommended for single OS install). You'll also see two
additional choices to perform a quick format of each option. Stick with doing a full format of either option instead.
After you've determined which option is right for you, press the correct key to format the partition.
This would be a good time to take a break and come back in a few minutes. The setup program will automatically
start copying files after the partition is formatted.
From this point on, you're going to see each and every file name that's being copied over to your hard drive
appear in the lower left corner. As the file names go from A to Z, the installation completion percentage will
increase.
Choose the region and language.
Type in your name and organization.
Enter your product license key.
Name the computer, and enter an Admin password. Don't forget to write down your Administrator password.
After the installation is complete it would be extremely wise to create a password restore disk in the event you
forget your Administrator password someday.
Enter the correct date and time.
Choose your network settings. Leave on automatic if you use a dhcp server to assign IP addresses. If you have
static IP address for broadband access, enter the settings that your ISP has provided you.
Choose workgroup or domain name.
Register this copy of Windows XP if you've installed all the current hardware on your machine. Otherwise, wait
until you've finished installing any additional hardware so you don't have to activate your copy of XP again.
Add users that will sign on to this computer.
Log in, and update drivers.
Driver install
XP found drivers for all of the hardware in our test machines, with the exception of a wireless network adapter
that was added. Update all drivers that had updates available for download.
It takes about 30 minutes to perform this installation. After that, you will be a few personalized settings away
from getting started on your XP-experience. With a little use, the GUI even starts to grow on you.
Install Windows XP Professional - New Installation
There are three reasons why you may need to install a new copy of Windows XP:
• Your current operating system doesn’t support an upgrade to Windows XP

Professional.
• Your current operating system supports an upgrade to Windows XP

Professional, but you don’t want to keep your existing files and personalized
settings.
• Your computer does not have an operating system.
The setup process is similar for new installations and upgrades with a few notable
exceptions. For example, during a new installation, you are able to configure Special
Options, convert your file system, and create a new partition for the Windows XP
installation.
IMPORTANT
A new installation deletes all programs or system files from a previous installation.
Special Options
Under Special Options, you have the choice to change Language, Advanced, and
Accessibility settings during the setup process.
Note: If you are in a country that has recently adopted the euro as its currency, you
may have to modify the currency settings to display monetary amounts correctly.
For more information, go to Help and Support Center and type “euro” in the Search
box.
Select If you want to...
Language Choose the primary language and regions for Windows XP,
which affects the default settings for date, time, currency,
numbers, character sets, and keyboard layout.
Choose additional language groups and character sets to use
with the programs you are running on Windows XP.
Advanced Change the default location of the Setup files.

Options
Store system files in a folder other than the default (Windows)
folder
Copy the installation files from the CD to the hard disk.
Accessibility Use Narrator or Magnifier during Setup.
IMPORTANT
Unless you're an advanced user, it's recommended that you use the default settings.
Choosing a File System
During a new installation of Windows XP, you may have to choose which file system
your computer should use. Windows XP Professional supports:
• FAT32: An enhanced version of the file allocation table (FAT) system that is
standard on all Windows operating systems starting with later (32-bit)
versions of Windows 95. The FAT32 system can be used on large hard disks,
from 512 megabytes (MB) to 32 gigabytes (GB).
• NTFS: The NT file system (NTFS) is used with the Windows NT, Windows
2000, and Windows XP operating systems. NTFS provides enhanced
reliability, stability, and security, and supports large hard disks of up to 2
terabytes (TB).
IMPORTANT
You can convert your file system any time, even after you install Windows XP,
without losing any of your data.
The conversion to NTFS is one–way only; if you convert your FAT or FAT32 file
system to NTFS you can’t convert your hard disk back to FAT later.
If you’re not sure which file system to use, keep the one your computer defaults to
during Setup. If you want to change your file system, here are a few
recommendations:
• Use FAT32 if your hard disk is smaller than 32 GB.

• Use FAT32 if you want to install more than one operating system on your
computer.
• Use NTFS if your hard drive is larger than 32 GB and you are running only
one operating system on your computer.
• Use NTFS if you want enhanced file security.
• Use NTFS if you need better disk compression.
Disk Partitions
You can create partitions to organize information—for example, to back up data—or

to install more than one operating system on your computer. A hard disk can contain
up to four partitions.
If you’re performing a new installation, the appropriate disk partition is selected

automatically during Windows XP Setup unless you click Advanced Options and
specify your own requirements
For more information about configuring, sizing, reformatting, or converting disk

partitions, see your current online Help before you install or upgrade to Windows XP
Professional.
XP File Sharing and Permissions
File sharing and permissions in Windows XP seem complicated.
Microsoft provides a Knowledge Base article, but reading it is like walking through molasses: It describes in
infinite detail a file security system based on a 1-to-5 scale. However, if you look for this 1-to-5 scale anywhere in
your security-settings interface, you may come away a little confused. These numbers are nowhere to be found.
Microsoft's 1-to-5 scale means nothing to the individual user and relates in no way to the actual practice of
setting your security protocols. Enter the Screen Savers. We are here to explain it to you.
The security settings the user actually sets relate to read access, write access, shared folders, and password
protection. These features are available in both Windows XP Home Edition and Windows XP Professional, however
the features only work if the operating system is installed with NTFS. FAT32 does not support the file permissions
described here.
You can choose to install Windows XP Home using NTFS, but you should use a FAT32 file system if you are dual
booting and want to see the contents of your Windows 95, 98, or Me partition from your XP partition. Your file
system is not set in stone when you install Windows XP. You always can change your file system from FAT32 to
NTFS without losing any of your data; however, the transition is one-way only.
There is no going back to FAT32 from NTFS unless you grab a copy of Partition Magic. Microsoft recommends you
install Windows XP Home with FAT32 if you intend to install more than one OS on your computer or if your hard
drive is less than 32GB.
If you have Windows XP Home or Professional running NTFS, you can hide files and entire folders from prying
eyes. When you set up multiple user accounts on one machine, any user with administrator access can view the
documents in another's My Documents folders. To protect a folder, right-click it, choose Properties, the Share tab,
and select "make this folder private." No one, not even a fellow system administrator, can access these most
secret files.
Every file or folder contained within whichever folder you choose to make private will take on the settings of the
parent folder. If the administrator does not have a password to the account, Windows XP will prompt the user to
make a password or risk subjecting his or her private work to public scrutiny. No Windows password means no
protected files.
A person who logs in as a guest or as a user without administrator privileges cannot see the contents of any
other user's My Documents folder, even if the folder has not been explicitly made private. The user with limited
privileges can, however, set a password and protect his or her documents from the prying eyes of the
administrators. Windows XP is all about privacy.
It is a nice feeling to keep your personal tax documents secure from the passing lookey-loo. It's about time
Microsoft made snooping your computer more difficult than snooping your medicine cabinet.
Compatibility Mode Make older programs run in Windows XP
If you're having trouble running older programs originally developed for previous versions of Windows, you're not
out of luck. Luckily for consumers, Microsoft built Compatibility Mode into XP. Compatibility Mode allows you to
run a program using the shell of the original program it was developed for.
Here's how to access a program's Compatibility Mode in XP:
Find the executable or program shortcut icon you'd like to run.

Right-click the icon and select Properties.
Click the Compatibility tab and place a checkmark next to the text labeled "Run this program in compatibility
mode."
Select the operating system that the program was originally intended to run on.
You may need to fine-tune the three fields under "Display Settings" if an older program requires 640x480
resolution or 256 colors.
Click Apply.
Try starting the program after making these changes. If it still gives you trouble, try a different operating system.
If the program was written for Win95 and worked fine in Win98, there's nothing that says it still won't work fine
with Win98.

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How to Remove Windows XP's Messenger

Set the Search Screen to the Classic Look

HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Software \ Microsoft \ Windows \ CurrentVersion \ Explorer \ CabinetState.

New Sound Blaster Drivers

How to make your Desktop Icons Transparent

Speed up your browsing of Windows 2000 & XP machines

Open up the Registry and go to :

Under that branch, select the key :

and delete it.

Set up and Use Internet Connection Sharing

To enable Internet Connection Sharing on a network connection

On the Tools menu, click Internet Options.

In Proxy Server, clear the Use a proxy server check box.

Set Processes Priority

Set Permissions for Shared Files and Folders

Search For Hidden Or System Files In Windows XP

To search for hidden or system files in Windows XP:

Restricting Logon Access

Remove the Recycle Bin from the Desktop

Run Regedit and go to:

How to Rename the Recycle Bin

Provide Remote Assistance When Using a NAT Device

1. Ask your friend to send you a Remote Assistance invitation by e–mail.

Ports That Are Used by Windows Product Activation

Windows Product Activation uses the following ports:

Make your Folders Private

•To open My Computer, click Start, and then click My Computer.

IP address of your connection

then type 'ipconfig'

Add the '/all' switch for more info.

How to use Windows Update Properly

- Logon to Windows Update

- Choose Windows Update Catalogue (left hand pane)

- Choose your version and language then Search

- Choose one the following:

- Critical Updates and Service Packs

How to remove the Default Picture and Fax Preview Action

Go To Start > Run and type `Regedit` and press `ok`

Navigate to: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SOFTWARE/Classes/CLSID/{e84fda7c-1d6a-45f6-b725-

Deleted the MayChangeDefaultMenu key.

How to Convert FAT to NTFS file system

Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt.

At the command prompt, type CONVERT [driveletter]: /FS:NTFS.

Convert.exe will attempt to convert the partition to NTFS.

AVI File Fix in Windows XP

Mustek 600 CP scanner or other software unable to install on XP

How do I enable advanced security settings like found in Windows 2000

Click on the View Tab.

Hide 'User Accounts' from users

Go to Start/Run, and type:

Open the path

User Config > Admin Templates > Control Panel

doubleclick "Hide specified Control Panel applets"

put a dot in 'enabled', then click 'Show"

click Add button,

type "nusrmgt.cpl" into the add box

Force users to press Ctrl-Alt-Delete to Logon

and type control userpasswords2

Fix your Slow XP and 98 Network

How to Convert a FAT Partition to NTFS

To convert a FAT partition to NTFS, perform the following steps.

Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt.

In Windows XP, click Start, and then click Run.