ME3122-2 FORCED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER

BENJAMIN ANG ZI WEI

A0072215R
GROUP: 3L2 DATE: 7/9/2012

Department of Mechanical Engineering

National University of Singapore

OBEJCTIVE
The objective of this experiment is to determine forced convection heat transfer coefficients
of various elements using different methods of calculations and comparing the results.
RESULTS
Table 1: Aluminum
t
sec
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
390
420
450
480
510
540
570
600

Diff
Pressure
mm
water
1.33E+01
1.26E+01
1.30E+01
1.28E+01
1.28E+01
1.30E+01
1.22E+01
1.28E+01
1.33E+01
1.24E+01
1.29E+01
1.25E+01
1.28E+01
1.27E+01
1.28E+01
1.22E+01
1.23E+01
1.24E+01
1.27E+01
1.25E+01
1.15E+01

Sphere
Temp

Air Temp

C
1.30E+02
1.28E+02
1.14E+02
1.01E+02
8.97E+01
8.01E+01
7.21E+01
6.25E+01
5.64E+01
5.13E+01
4.69E+01
4.32E+01
3.99E+01
3.72E+01
3.50E+01
3.29E+01
3.13E+01
2.97E+01
2.85E+01
2.76E+01
2.67E+01

C
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.20E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.20E+01
2.19E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01

Sphere
Temp

Air Temp

C
1.56E+02
1.48E+02
1.33E+02
1.20E+02
1.10E+02
1.02E+02
9.35E+01
8.62E+01
8.00E+01
7.43E+01
6.66E+01
6.20E+01

C
2.20E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.19E+01
2.17E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.23E+01
2.24E+01

Table 2: Brass
t
sec
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330

Diff
Pressure
mm
water
1.33E+01
1.28E+01
1.28E+01
1.20E+01
1.21E+01
1.28E+01
1.21E+01
1.22E+01
1.32E+01
1.26E+01
1.24E+01
1.26E+01

360
390
420
450
480
510
540
570
600
630
660
690
720
750
780
810
840
870
900

1.24E+01
1.24E+01
1.27E+01
1.26E+01
1.24E+01
1.19E+01
1.14E+01
1.21E+01
1.22E+01
1.22E+01
1.21E+01
1.20E+01
1.26E+01
1.21E+01
1.27E+01
1.28E+01
1.24E+01
1.23E+01
1.23E+01

5.79E+01
5.42E+01
5.10E+01
4.79E+01
4.53E+01
4.29E+01
4.09E+01
3.91E+01
3.72E+01
3.57E+01
3.41E+01
3.30E+01
3.17E+01
3.07E+01
2.99E+01
2.90E+01
2.85E+01
2.75E+01
2.69E+01

2.24E+01
2.23E+01
2.25E+01
2.24E+01
2.24E+01
2.24E+01
2.26E+01
2.25E+01
2.22E+01
2.24E+01
2.23E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01

Sphere
Temp

Air Temp

C
1.19E+02
1.15E+02
1.07E+02
1.03E+02
1.01E+02
9.86E+01
9.67E+01
9.52E+01
9.38E+01
9.22E+01
9.08E+01
8.92E+01
8.75E+01
8.60E+01
8.39E+01
8.22E+01
8.05E+01
7.88E+01
7.72E+01
7.51E+01
7.34E+01
7.06E+01
6.84E+01
6.51E+01
6.38E+01
6.23E+01
6.03E+01

C
1.77E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.24E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.21E+01
2.20E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.20E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.25E+01
2.20E+01
2.24E+01
2.20E+01
2.19E+01
2.19E+01

Table 3: Teflon
t
sec
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
330
360
390
420
450
480
510
540
570
600
630
660
690
720
750
780

Diff
Pressure
mm
water
1.30E+01
1.22E+01
1.20E+01
1.24E+01
1.23E+01
1.19E+01
1.25E+01
1.20E+01
1.23E+01
1.19E+01
1.19E+01
1.22E+01
1.24E+01
1.21E+01
1.20E+01
1.21E+01
1.21E+01
1.15E+01
1.19E+01
1.20E+01
1.24E+01
1.24E+01
1.22E+01
1.26E+01
1.24E+01
1.22E+01
1.21E+01

810
840
870
900
930
960
990
1020
1050
1080
1110
1140
1170
1200
1230
1260
1290
1320
1350
1380
1410
1440
1470
1500
1530
1560
1590
1620
1650
1680

1.20E+01
1.19E+01
1.28E+01
1.19E+01
1.24E+01
1.26E+01
1.24E+01
1.29E+01
1.20E+01
1.26E+01
1.19E+01
1.27E+01
1.22E+01
1.19E+01
1.19E+01
1.18E+01
1.21E+01
1.24E+01
1.22E+01
1.33E+01
1.22E+01
1.23E+01
1.22E+01
1.22E+01
1.23E+01
1.26E+01
1.16E+01
1.21E+01
1.18E+01
1.20E+01

5.88E+01
5.76E+01
5.62E+01
5.45E+01
5.34E+01
5.19E+01
5.08E+01
4.93E+01
4.83E+01
4.72E+01
4.61E+01
4.51E+01
4.41E+01
4.33E+01
4.24E+01
4.13E+01
4.06E+01
3.96E+01
3.88E+01
3.84E+01
3.74E+01
3.67E+01
3.62E+01
3.57E+01
3.48E+01
3.46E+01
3.37E+01
3.35E+01
3.26E+01
3.25E+01

2.16E+01
2.19E+01
2.19E+01
2.17E+01
2.20E+01
2.18E+01
2.23E+01
2.19E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.23E+01
2.22E+01
2.24E+01
2.23E+01
2.21E+01
2.22E+01
2.22E+01
2.21E+01
2.23E+01
2.20E+01
2.24E+01
2.23E+01
2.23E+01

Graph 1

ALUMINIUM - Graph of ln[(T-TA)/(TI-TA)] against

(t)/r
0.5
0
-0.5

2E+09

4E+09

6E+09

8E+09

1E+10

-1
METHOD 1

-1.5

Linear (METHOD 1)

-2
-2.5
-3

y = -4E-10x + 0.1554

-3.5

Graph 2

ALUMINIUM - Graph of Temperature of

Sphere(Tsphere)/K against time (t)/s
4.10E+02
3.90E+02
3.70E+02
ALUMINIUM - METHOD 2
3.50E+02
Linear (ALUMINIUM - METHOD
2)

3.30E+02
3.10E+02
y = -0.172x + 384.82

2.90E+02
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Graph 3

BRASS - Graph of ln[(T-TA)/(TI-TA)] against (t)/r

0.5
0
-0.5

2E+09

4E+09

6E+09

-1
-1.5

METHOD 1
Linear (METHOD 1)

-2
-2.5
-3
y = -7E-10x + 0.0247

-3.5
-4

Graph 4

BRASS - Graph of Temperature of Sphere(Tsphere)/K

against time (t)/s
4.30E+02
4.10E+02
3.90E+02
3.70E+02
BRASS - METHOD 2
3.50E+02

Linear (BRASS - METHOD 2)

3.30E+02
3.10E+02
y = -0.1279x + 393.64

2.90E+02
0

200

400

600

800

Graph 5

TEFLON - Graph of ln[(T-TA)/(TI-TA)] against (t)/r

0.5
0
0

10000000

20000000

30000000

40000000

50000000

-0.5
-1

Linear (METHOD 1)

-1.5
-2
y = -6E-08x + 0.0674
-2.5

Graph 6

TEFLON - Graph of Temperature of Sphere(Tsphere)/K

against time (t)/s
4.00E+02
3.90E+02
3.80E+02
3.70E+02
3.60E+02
3.50E+02

METHOD 2

3.40E+02

Linear (METHOD 2)

3.30E+02
3.20E+02
3.10E+02
y = -0.0487x + 377.31

3.00E+02
0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Table 4: Experimentally determined convective heat transfer coefficients

Spheres

Reynolds Number

Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient,

W/m2 K
Method
1

Method
2

Aluminium
Brass
Teflon

SAMPLE CALCULATION: ALUMINIUM

METHOD 1
Validity of lumped-heat-capacity method
From equations (2) and (6),

Ln

3 (

Bi

T Ta
Ti Ta
t
r02

hro
k

hV / A 1 hro

k
3 k

Gradient of Graph 1 = -3( hro/k )

Bi = gradient of graph1 / -3
= -4 x 10-10 / -3
= 1.33 x 10-10 < 0.1 hence lumped heat capacity method is valid

Method
3

Method
4