Illnesses

PART A: READING COMPREHENSION

Task 1: Read the article about a new medical discovery. After the article you can find
the summary of the text, but some words have been left out. Fill in the gaps with one
or two words. Contracted forms count as one word.
Grapefruit ingredient could be used for diet pill

esearch found naringenin, which is described as a flavonoid found in citrus

fruit, has a revolutionary effect on the liver making it burn fat instead of
storing it after a meal.
This means that without having to change diets or cut out particular foods, a dose of
naringenin could prevent weight gain and even help to lose it.
Long-term,
the
researchers
behind the tests believe it would
also help obesity sufferers and
even fight diabetes because the
process also helped balance
insulin and glucose levels.
Naringenin is best known as the
compound which form in citrus
fruit, in particular grapefruit,
leading to its bitter taste.
Grapefruit has long been recommended as a good way to control weight but the tests
involved far higher doses of naringenin than would be accessible just by eating
grapefruit.
It would have to be concentrated into a supplement to have the desired effect for
those suffering from Type 2 diabetes, which is also a precursor to cardiovascular
disease.
The tests were carried out on mice by a team at the Robarts Research Institute at the
University of Western Ontario and published in the journal Diabetes.
Two groups of mice were both fed the equivalent of a Western diet to speed up their
"metabolic syndrome" the process which leads to Type 2 diabetes in human.
The food given to one of the groups was treated with naringenin.
The non-naringenin mice became obese, they developed the metabolic syndrome
which saw their cholesterol rise and their bodies become resistant to insulin.

The mice given naringenin did not suffer from these. Any rise in cholesterol was
corrected by the naringenin which also 'reprogrammed' the live to burn up fat rather
than store it.
Lead researcher Professor Murray Huff added: "Furthermore, the marked obesity that
develops in these mice was completely prevented by naringenin.
"What was unique about the study was that the effects were independent of caloric
intake, meaning the mice ate exactly the same amount of food and the same amount
of fat.
"There was no suppression of appetite or decreased food intake, which are often the
basis of strategies to reduce weight gain and its metabolic consequences."
The researchers will now try and develop the compound into a drug which would be
both effective and safe for humans to take as a supplement or treatment.
Prof Huff said: "These studies show naringenin, through its insulin-like properties,
corrects many of the metabolic disturbances linked to insulin resistance and
represents a promising therapeutic approach for metabolic syndrome."
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/

Summary:
Researchers have discovered that naringenin, because of which grapefruit tastes
bitter (0), affects the liver. If you take this substance in _____________________ (1)
it will help you get rid of _____________________ (2) without changing your diet.
During the study whose results are available in _____________________ (3)
researchers
fed
two
groups
of
mice.
Their
diet
was
almost
_____________________(4). The only difference was that the food which has given
to of one of the groups _____________________ (5) naringenin. The naringeninmice _____________________ (6) any symptoms of metabolic syndromes, while the
non-naringenin
mice
_____________________
(7).
This
result
_____________________ (8) the researcher, as naringenin-mice ate
_____________________ (9) as non-naringenin mice.
If this substance is developed into a drug there will be hope for dieters to lose weight
without reducing _____________________ (10).

PART B: LISTENING
Task 2: Listen to the recording about a salt cave. Your task is to circle the letter or
letters of the correct answers. Please note that in this task both answers may be
correct. However, there is always at least one correct answer.
Salt Cave Offers Saline Solution to Sinus Problems
1.

The salt cave in London

a) is located in a former church.
b) looks like a Polish salt mine.

2.

Halotherapy can help people with

a) allergy.
b) asthma.

3.

The place gives the impression of a snow beach because the guests
a) hear the sound of waves.
b) step on salt that feels like sand.

4.

In the room the guests wear

a) a baseball cap.
b) a pair of shoes.

5.

The therapy was discovered

a) in the 19th century.
b) in Siberia.

6.

The owner of the cave is

a) Hungarian.
b) arrive in England three years ago.

7.

The salt used in the cave

a) is pure.
b) is transported from Siberia.

8.

The ideal treatment lasts for

a) two weeks.
b) one or two hours daily.

9.

The therapy
a) shows positive effects.
b) has been recognised by the UKs NHS.

10. Doctors advise people with asthma

a) to stop medication during cave therapy.
b) to use halotherapy as a complementary treatment.

PART C: WRITING
Task 3: Give your opinion about artificial and natural vitamins for the school
magazine in 100-150 words. (Which do you prefer? Why that one? What are the
consequences if you dont have enough of them?
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