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Why Why a a dedicated dedicated pigmentation pigmentation strategy strategy for for Near Near Infrared Infrared Reflecting Reflecting Pigments? Pigments?
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June 2011
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T = 62 C Tmax C max = 62
T = 60 C Tmax C max = 60
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1. 1. Introduction Introduction 1.1. 1.1. Its Its not not only only the the visible visible that that counts! counts! 1.2. 1.2. Solar Solar terrestrial terrestrial radiation radiation 1.3. 1.3. Light Light pigment pigment Interaction Interaction 2. 2. Chromatic Chromatic Strategies Strategies 2.1. 2.1. Color Color space space and and chroma chroma enhancement enhancement 2.2. 2.2. Case Case in in point: point: - Pigment Pigment Orange Orange 36 36 - Pigment Pigment Yellow Yellow 83 83 - Pigment Pigment Red Red 254 254 - Olive Olive - Turquoise Turquoise 2.3. 2.3. Improved Improved weather weather resistance resistance 2.4. 2.4. Improved Improved mechanical mechanical performance performance and and life-cycle life-cycle 3. 3. Achromatic Achromatic Strategies Strategies 3.1. 3.1. Heat Heat build-up build-up of of white white panels panels 3.2. 3.2. Heat Heat build-up build-up of of black black panels panels 3.3. 3.3. Same Same in in the the visible visible but but different different in in NIR! NIR! 3.4. 3.4. TSR TSR values values of of suitable suitable pigments pigments
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NIR
Performance
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Controls Controls heat heat build build and and thermal thermal stress stress
UV
Visible
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Solar Solar terrestrial terrestrial emission emission spectrum spectrum AM AM 1.5 1.5 direct direct and and diffuse diffuse
Relative intensity
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
Wavelength [nm]
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1 = qT + qR + q A
qR
qA qT
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Electromagnetic Electromagnetic reflection reflection spectra spectra of of different different pigments pigments compared compared to to the the incident incident solar solar emission emission
1,00
0,80
Relative Intensity
P.Br. P.Br. 24 24
0,60
0,40
0,20
Wavelength [nm]
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Chromatic Strategies
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TSR=58% TSR=58%
82,0 82,0
t cemen n a h n ae Chrom
red red
78,0 78,0 Chroma Chroma
blue blue
74,0 74,0
70 70
72 72 Hue Hue
74 74
76 76
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TSR=55% TSR=55%
62,0 62,0
Chroma Chroma
red red
58,0 58,0
green green
P.O.36+P.Y.53 P.O.36+P.Y.53 P.O.36+P.Br.24 P.O.36+P.Br.24
blue blue
yellow yellow
54,0 54,0
TSR=56% TSR=56%
46 46 48 48 50 50
TSR=58% TSR=58%
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Areas Areas where where a a chroma chroma enhancement enhancement is is feasible feasible
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P.R.254+P.Br.24
t en m ce n ha en
P.R.254+P.Y.53
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Reflectance Reflectance
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Reflectance Reflectance
450 450
650 650
850 850
1050 1050
1250 1250
1450 1450
1650 1650
1850 1850
2050 2050
2250 2250
2450 2450
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UV
100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 Reflectance [%] [%] Reflectance 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 250 250
visible
NIR
P.B. P.B. 28 28
450 450
650 650
850 850
1050 1050
1250 1250
1450 1450
1650 1650
1850 1850
2050 2050
2250 2250
2450 2450
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Accelerated Accelerated weathering weathering of of P.R. P.R. 254 254 in in white white PMMA PMMA with with and and without without the the addition addition of of P.Br.24 P.Br.24
2,50
2,00
dE* CIE
1,50
1,00
0,50
0,00 500
750
1250
1500
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Accelerated Accelerated weathering weathering of of encapsulated encapsulated bismuth bismuth vanadate vanadate with with and and without without the the addition addition of of P.Y.53 P.Y.53
2,50
2,00
PY 53
DE* CIE
1,50
1,00
0,50
0,00 500
700
900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
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Why Why could could a a pronounced pronounced temperature temperature difference difference be be detrimental? detrimental?
temperature
WARPING!
P.R. P.R. 254 254 + + P.Br. P.Br. 24 24
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Achromatic Strategies
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1,000 1,000
0,750 0,750
Reflectance Reflectance
0,500 0,500
P.G. P.G. 17 17
0,250 0,250
500 500
700 700
900 900
1100 1100
1300 1300
1500 1500
1700 1700
1900 1900
2100 2100
2300 2300
2500 2500
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55,0
50,0
Temperature [ C]
45,0
40,0
35,0
30,0
ridgid PVC non pigmented PVC conaitning 0.5pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 1pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 2pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 5pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 10pph titanium dioxide
25,0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
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85,0
Temperature [ C]
65,0
55,0
45,0
rigid PVC non pigmented PVC containing 2pph carbon black batch
35,0
PVC containing 0.5pph carbon black batch PVC containing 5pph carbon black batch
25,0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
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75,0
0,8 0,8
Reflectance Reflectance
0,5 0,5
450 450
650 650
850 850
1050 1050
1250 1250
1450 1450
1650 1650
1850 1850
2050 2050
2250 2250
2450 2450
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Complex Complex Inorganic Inorganic Colored Colored Pigments Pigments and and corresponding corresponding TSR TSR values values qualified qualified for for NIR NIR reflective reflective achromatic achromatic non-white non-white applications applications
P.Br.35
P.G.17
10
24
22
14
31
27
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