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Optimal Pigmentation Strategies for Near Infrared Reflecting Pigments

Speaker: Dr. Wolfgang Wald Director Marketing/Business Development Asia Pacific

Author: Dr. Lutz Frischmann (Head of BU Inorganic Colored Pigments)

Masterbatch 2011 Singapore March 2011

Why Why a a dedicated dedicated pigmentation pigmentation strategy strategy for for Near Near Infrared Infrared Reflecting Reflecting Pigments? Pigments?

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T = 62 C Tmax C max = 62

T = 60 C Tmax C max = 60

P.O. P.O. 36 36 + + TiO2 TiO2

P.O. P.O. 36 36 + + P.Br.24 P.Br.24

P.Y. P.Y. 83 83 + + TiO2 TiO2

P.Y. P.Y. 83 83 + + P.Y.53 P.Y.53

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1. 1. Introduction Introduction 1.1. 1.1. Its Its not not only only the the visible visible that that counts! counts! 1.2. 1.2. Solar Solar terrestrial terrestrial radiation radiation 1.3. 1.3. Light Light pigment pigment Interaction Interaction 2. 2. Chromatic Chromatic Strategies Strategies 2.1. 2.1. Color Color space space and and chroma chroma enhancement enhancement 2.2. 2.2. Case Case in in point: point: - Pigment Pigment Orange Orange 36 36 - Pigment Pigment Yellow Yellow 83 83 - Pigment Pigment Red Red 254 254 - Olive Olive - Turquoise Turquoise 2.3. 2.3. Improved Improved weather weather resistance resistance 2.4. 2.4. Improved Improved mechanical mechanical performance performance and and life-cycle life-cycle 3. 3. Achromatic Achromatic Strategies Strategies 3.1. 3.1. Heat Heat build-up build-up of of white white panels panels 3.2. 3.2. Heat Heat build-up build-up of of black black panels panels 3.3. 3.3. Same Same in in the the visible visible but but different different in in NIR! NIR! 3.4. 3.4. TSR TSR values values of of suitable suitable pigments pigments
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Introduction: Its not only the visible that counts!

NIR
Performance
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Controls Controls heat heat build build and and thermal thermal stress stress

UV

Controls Controls outdoor outdoor durability durability

Visible

Controls Controls coloristic coloristic

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Introduction: Its not only the visible that counts!

Visible Visible light light effects effects

Optimal Optimal pigmentation pigmentation

UV-light UV-light effects effects

Near Near Infrared Infrared light light effects effects

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Introduction: Light pigment interaction

Solar Solar terrestrial terrestrial emission emission spectrum spectrum AM AM 1.5 1.5 direct direct and and diffuse diffuse

Energy Energy distribution: distribution:


1,00 0,90 0,80

Relative intensity

5% 5% 45% 45% 50% 50%

UV UV Visible Visible Near Near Infrared Infrared

0,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,00 250

500

750

1000

1250

1500

1750

2000

2250

2500

Wavelength [nm]

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Introduction: Light pigment interaction

1 = qT + qR + q A

qR

qA qT

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Introduction: Light pigment interaction

Electromagnetic Electromagnetic reflection reflection spectra spectra of of different different pigments pigments compared compared to to the the incident incident solar solar emission emission

1,00

titanium titanium dioxide dioxide

0,80

Relative Intensity

P.Br. P.Br. 24 24
0,60

0,40

P.Br. P.Br. 24 24 + + P.R. P.R. 254 254 blend blend

0,20

solar solar terrestrial terrestrial emission emission spectrum spectrum


0,00 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400

Wavelength [nm]

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Chromatic Strategies

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Chromatic strategies: Case study P.Y. 83

TSR=58% TSR=58%

82,0 82,0

t cemen n a h n ae Chrom

P .Y.83+P .Y.53 P.Y.83+P.Y.53

red red
78,0 78,0 Chroma Chroma

green green yellow

blue blue

P .Y.83+P .Br.24 P.Y.83+P.Br.24

74,0 74,0

P .Y.83+P .W.6 P.Y.83+P.W.6


TSR=58% TSR=58%

70,0 70,0 TSR=61% TSR=61% 68 68

70 70

72 72 Hue Hue

74 74

76 76

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Chromatic strategies: Case study P.O. 36

TSR=55% TSR=55%

62,0 62,0

ent ancem h n e a Chrom

Chroma Chroma

red red
58,0 58,0

green green
P.O.36+P.Y.53 P.O.36+P.Y.53 P.O.36+P.Br.24 P.O.36+P.Br.24

blue blue

yellow yellow

54,0 54,0

P.O.36+P.W.6 P.O.36+P.W.6 50,0 50,0 40 40 42 42 44 44 Hue Hue

TSR=56% TSR=56%
46 46 48 48 50 50

TSR=58% TSR=58%
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Chromatic strategies: Color space and chroma enhancement

Areas Areas where where a a chroma chroma enhancement enhancement is is feasible feasible

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Chromatic strategies: Case study P.R. 254

60,5 60 Chromaticity C* 59,5 59 58,5 58


m ro h C a

P.R.254+P.Br.24
t en m ce n ha en

P.R.254+P.Y.53

P.R.254+P.W.6 57,5 15 20 25 Hue Angle 30 35

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Chromatic strategies: Case study - olive

100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 250 250

Formulation Formulation 2: 2: P.Y.184+P.V.122 P.Y.184+P.V.122

TSR TSR = = 52% 52%

Reflectance Reflectance

TSR TSR = = 28% 28%

Formulation Formulation 1: 1: P.Y.184+P.Y.42+P.Y.53+P.G.7 P.Y.184+P.Y.42+P.Y.53+P.G.7


450 450 650 650 850 850 1050 1050 1250 1250 1450 1450 1650 1650 1850 1850 2050 2050 2250 2250 2450 2450

Wavelength Wavelength [nm] [nm]

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Chromatic strategies: Case study - turquoise

100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 250 250

Formulation Formulation 1: 1: P.Y.184+P.B.28 P.Y.184+P.B.28

TSR TSR = = 37% 37%

Formulation Formulation 2: 2: P.Y.184+P.B.15:3+P.W.6 P.Y.184+P.B.15:3+P.W.6

Reflectance Reflectance

TSR TSR = = 35% 35%

450 450

650 650

850 850

1050 1050

1250 1250

1450 1450

1650 1650

1850 1850

2050 2050

2250 2250

2450 2450

Wavelength Wavelength [nm] [nm]

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Chromatic strategies: Case study - turquoise

UV
100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 Reflectance [%] [%] Reflectance 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 250 250

visible

NIR

maximum maximum coverage! coverage!

P.B. P.B. 28 28

solar solar terrestrial terrestrial radiation radiation

450 450

650 650

850 850

1050 1050

1250 1250

1450 1450

1650 1650

1850 1850

2050 2050

2250 2250

2450 2450

Wavelength Wavelength [nm] [nm]

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Chromatic strategies: Improved weathering resistance

Accelerated Accelerated weathering weathering of of P.R. P.R. 254 254 in in white white PMMA PMMA with with and and without without the the addition addition of of P.Br.24 P.Br.24

2,50

PR254 3pph in white PMMA PBr24/PR254 3pph in white PMMA

2,00

dE* CIE

1,50

1,00

0,50

0,00 500

750

1000 Weathering Time [h]

1250

1500

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Chromatic strategies: Improved weathering resistance

Accelerated Accelerated weathering weathering of of encapsulated encapsulated bismuth bismuth vanadate vanadate with with and and without without the the addition addition of of P.Y.53 P.Y.53
2,50

encapsulated PY184 PY53 / PY184

2,00

PY 53

DE* CIE

1,50

1,00

0,50

0,00 500

700

900

1100

1300

1500

1700

1900

Weathering Time [h]

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Chromatic strategies: Improved mechanical performance and life-cycle

Why Why could could a a pronounced pronounced temperature temperature difference difference be be detrimental? detrimental?

temperature

P.R. P.R. 254 254

WARPING!
P.R. P.R. 254 254 + + P.Br. P.Br. 24 24

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Achromatic Strategies

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1,000 1,000

titanium titanium dioxide dioxide

0,750 0,750

Reflectance Reflectance

0,500 0,500

P.G. P.G. 17 17

0,250 0,250

carbon carbon black black


0,000 0,000 300 300

500 500

700 700

900 900

1100 1100

1300 1300

1500 1500

1700 1700

1900 1900

2100 2100

2300 2300

2500 2500

Wavelength W avelength [nm] [nm]

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Achromatic strategies: Heat build-up of white PVC panels

55,0

TiO2 content TiO 2 content

50,0

Temperature [ C]

45,0

40,0

35,0

30,0

ridgid PVC non pigmented PVC conaitning 0.5pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 1pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 2pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 5pph titanium dioxide PVC containing 10pph titanium dioxide

25,0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Time of exposure [min.]

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Achromatic strategies: Heat build-up of black PVC panels

85,0

Temperature [ C]

65,0

55,0

45,0
rigid PVC non pigmented PVC containing 2pph carbon black batch

35,0
PVC containing 0.5pph carbon black batch PVC containing 5pph carbon black batch

25,0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Time of exposure [min.]

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Carbon black black Carbon content content

75,0

Achromatic strategies: Same performance in the visible but different in NIR

0,8 0,8

TSR=54% C TSR=54% T=58 T=58 C


0,7 0,7

L*=78.0 0,6 0,6 L*=78.0

Reflectance Reflectance

0,5 0,5

TSR=34% C TSR=34% T=64 T=64 C

0,4 0,4 L*=62.7 L*=62.7 0,3 0,3

TSR=23% C TSR=23% T=74 T=74 C

TSR=21% C TSR=21% T=63 T=63 C

L*=49.5 L*=49.5 0,2 0,2


0,1 0,1

TSR=41% C TSR=41% T=73 T=73 C TSR=14% C TSR=14% T=72 T=72 C

0,0 0,0 250 250

450 450

650 650

850 850

1050 1050

1250 1250

1450 1450

1650 1650

1850 1850

2050 2050

2250 2250

2450 2450

Wavelength Wavelength [nm] [nm]

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Achromatic strategies: TSR values of suitable pigments

Complex Complex Inorganic Inorganic Colored Colored Pigments Pigments and and corresponding corresponding TSR TSR values values qualified qualified for for NIR NIR reflective reflective achromatic achromatic non-white non-white applications applications

P.Bk.30 TSR [%] in typical matrix TSR [%] matrix independent

P.Br.35

P.G.17

10

24

22

14

31

27

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Thank you very much for your attention!

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