GISinKuwait

ByDuaijAlrukaibi GISinWaterResources,Fall2009 Introduction:

KuwaitislocatedinAsiainmiddleeastonArabianGulf,betweenlatitudes2830'and3005'northandlongitudes 4630' and 4830' east, with total area of 17820 Km2.It is slightly smaller than New Jersey. In Kuwait, one of the GCC countries, natural resources of fresh water are very limited. Kuwait is situated in an arid coastal region characterized by high temperatures, low humidity, sparse precipitation rates, and high evaporation and evapotranspirationrateswithnoriversor lakes.Waterresourcesinkuwaitisjustfromdelinationorgroundwater. There are two type of groudwater, fresh water and brackish saline. In north of kuwait is located the fresh groundwater.

Objective:
#builtabasemapforKuwaitcontainmostofthelayersneeditinGISprogram. #knowsthedirectionandthevalueofstreamsinKuwait #DefinitionthetermsofWadis #ThisprojectwillhelptoinitiatesourceforKuwaitasArcHydrobookfortheauthorProf.DavidMaidment.

Methodology:
TheprojectappliedmostofGIStoolsonKuwaitswaterandmakingsufficientinformationandlayersforusingthe newtooliscalledArcHydrogroundwateronKuwaitgroundwaterforfurtherwork. Inthisproject,mostoftheworkwillbeinArcGIS9.3.1andGoogleEarth.ArcGISisasoftwareprogram,usedto built,playandanalyzegeospatialdata,developbyESRI.Firstofall,itshouldcreate3geadatabaseinArcCatalog calledKuwait,newfilegeodatabeseandKuwaitdataeduthatcontainsmostfeatureclassesthatareorganizedinto featuredatasets.Afteraddingallfeaturesandsetthegeographiccoordinatesforthem,InArcMap,thatcanadd allthedataandworkandanalysisthem.Itshouldbefamiliarwith howtodealwithallthefeaturesandpropertiesofArcGIS,for exampleimportandexportthelayers,theorderoflayersto displayinscreen,repairdatasourceandchangetheappearance ofamapdisplaylikethesymbology,labelsandsourcewherecan findtheminlayerproperties.Foreachlayerhasattributetable containattributedatathatwillexplainlaterforeachlayerusedin thisproject.

 HereitisgoingtodefinethesourceforKuwaitBasemap: Horizontalcoordinatesystem Projectedcoordinatesystemname:KUDAMS_KTM Geographiccoordinatesystemname:GCS_KUDAMS Datum:D_KUWAIT_UTILITY Boundingcoordinates Horizontal Indecimaldegrees West:46.543496 East:48.786090 North:30.096103 South:28.512802 Inprojectedorlocalcoordinates Left:359640.142500 Right:575746.339000 Top:3329434.442200 Bottom:3154848.974300 Makestheanalysismoreeasily,Kuwaitwasdividedto6regionsasthenumberofgovernoratesinKuwait alasema,Farwaniya,Mubarakalkabeer,ahmadiandjahra.

So,fromtheattributestableof governorateslayercanfindthe areaofeachoneandtotalarea forKuwait. SecondstepwascreatedlayersfromthemaindataAQUIFERS,COUNTRIES,DEM,COVERNORATES,GEOLOGY, WADIS,WELLSbydifferenttoolsofGIS.ExploringtheelevationofKuwaitfromthesealevelbyDEMlayerthat haslayerpropertiesandtocalculatethehighestelevationbyusingspatialanalysttoolRastercalculator.Also,in thesametoolcanfindcontoursthatusefultovisualizetopographyandhillshade. TheabilityofArcHydroToolsusedforcreatedstreamnetworksuchasfillsthesinksinagrid,theflowdirection andtheiraccumulatedvaluesbyusingtheinputwadis.Also,catchmentpolygonprocessinggotbythesametool andhasvalueregardingtothevalueofstreamsegmentthatshoulddonebeforethisprocess.Thestreamnetwork completewithfinddrainagepointsanddrainagelinesthatwilluseinsteadofwadislayer. Finally,thegeometricnetworkbuiltinArcCatalogfromtheinputdrainageline.Utilitynetworkanalystdefinedthe directionforthesystemanditidentifiedspecificedgebydifferenttracetasksforexampletracedownstream,trace upstreamandfindloops.UsingaquifersandwellsfeatureclassesasinputtorelationshipclassinArcCatalogand anotheronebetweenWellsandgroundwaterTimeseries.

Result:
ExploregovernoratesandDEMlayerfromattributestabletogettheresultbelow.

Governorateslayer:

ThetotalsurfaceareaforKuwaitexcludingtheislandsis17,304km2withthemis17818Km2.Thesurfaceareafor eachgovernoratefromthelargesttothesmallestone,Jahra12261Km2,Ahmadi4520Km2,Alasema175Km2, Farwaniya162Km2,MubarakALKabeer101Km2,Hawalli83Km2. DEMlayer: Fromthepropertieslayer,itdisplaysthecellsizeandthemaximumandminimumelevation.

ByspatialanalystthenRastercalculatorcangetthehighestelevationfromputtheinputthelayer[DEM]>250. Thisiswillselectallcellgridswithvaluesfrom250 andabove.

Thenitshouldidentifythecontoursthatwillbeas inputlater.Byspatialanalysttoolinsurface analysischoosecontour

 StreamnetworkforKuwait MostofthelayerswillgetherebyusingArcHydrotools.First,findfillsinkslayerbyterrainpreprocessingasinput DEM.Themostimportanttwolayersthatwilldecidehowthedirectionofstreamandthevalueflowdirectionand flowaccumulation

 Dependontheeightdirectionpourpointmodel. Andtheflowaccumulation:

Bothofthoselayersusedwadislayerasinputtocreatedthem WadiistheArabictermtraditionallyreferringtoavalley;insomecasesitmayrefertoadryriverbedthatcontains wateronlyduringtimesofheavyrain.

 Thevalueofstreamsegmentthatshouldusedtogetcatchmentgriddelineationthencanfindcatchmentpolygon processing.Firstfindstreamdefinitionthatcomputesastreamgridwhichcontainsavalueof1andthestream segmentation Usedthestreamsegmentationasinputforfindcatchmentgriddelineationthencanfindcatchmentpolygon

 Thestreamnetworkcompletewithfinddrainagepointsanddrainagelinesthatwilluseinsteadofwadislayer.

Evaluationofdrainagedensityforeachgovernorate AreaofJahra12261Km2andlengthofdrainagelineinsideit16970kmDrainageDensity=1.38m1 AreaofAhmadi4520Km2andlengthofdrainagelineinsideit648kmDrainageDensity=0.143m1 AreaofAlasema175Km2lengthofdrainagelineinsideit39kmDrainageDensity=0.222m1 AreaofFarwaniya162Km2lengthofdrainagelineinsideit138kmDrainageDensity=0.851m1 AreaofMubarakALKabeer101Km2lengthofdrainagelineinsideit9kmDrainageDensity=0.089m1 AreaofHawalli83Km2lengthofdrainagelineinsideit5kmDrainageDensity=0.060m1 AlltheGovernoratelayerswiththedrainagelinepassingthroughit.

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 Geometricnetwork:

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 InArcCatalog,itcancreategeometricnetworkthathasEdgesandjunctions.

AndbyUtilitynetworkanalysttoolcandefinedthetraceeitherupstreamordownstream ThenthelastrelationshipbetweenthewellslayerandaquiferandanotheronebetweenWellsandgroundwater TimeseriesthatisboreholetableforallwellsinKuwaitandthisisexampleforboreholeillustratethesoillayerand groundwaterconditionineachofthem

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Conclusion:
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AsaresulttoalllayersmadebyGISsoftwarethatitfirststeptobuiltArcHydroofKuwaitasshownbelow.

ThenitisbaseforuseArcgroundwatertoolinitiatedbyAquaveothatStoreandvisualizegroundwaterin2Dand 3D,timeseries,andborehole&othergeologicdatawithinArcGIS.Thisisexamplefortheentireimportant compoundshoulduseitforthistool

References:
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ArcHydro,Davidmadiment Kuwaitinstituteforscientificandresearchlibrary http://www.kisr.edu.kw/ http://www.aquaveo.com/archydrogroundwater

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