heredity Mrs.

Mente

Name________________ April 02, 2013

1. The data table shown summarizes the results of an investigation in which seeds from the same plant were grown under different conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Which conclusion can be drawn from the information in the data table?

1. Color in this species is determined by genes, only. 2. Many characteristics are not inherited.

3. Mutations occur only when plants are grown at low temperatures. 4. There is an interaction between environment and heredity.

2. Base your answer on the accompanying diagram, which provides information related to heredity, and on your knowledge of biology. Which molecules are represented by box B?

1. bases 2. proteins

3. amino acids 4. simple sugars

3. Research applications of the basic principles of genetics have contributed greatly to the rapid production of new varieties of plants and animals. Which activity is an example of such an application? 1. testing new fertilizers on food crops 3. developing new irrigation methods to conserve water 2. selective breeding of plants and animals that exhibit 4. using natural predators to control insect pests high resistance to disease

4. An experiment is represented in the diagram. An inference that can be made from this experiment is that

1. adult frog B will have the same genetic traits as the tadpole 2. adult frog A can develop only from an egg and a sperm

3. fertilization must occur in order for frog eggs to develop into adult frogs 4. the nucleus of a body cell fails to function when transferred to other cell types

5. The principles of dominance, segregation, and independent assortment resulted from studies by Mendel of the inheritance of traits in 1. four-o'clock flowers 3. fruit flies 2. roan cattle 4. pea plants

6. Pea plants heterozygous for both height and color of seed coat (TtYy) were crossed with pea plants that were homozygous recessive for both traits (ttyy). The offspring from this cross included tall plants with green seeds, tall plants with yellow seeds, short plants with green seeds, and short plants with yellow seeds This cross best illustrates 1. gene mutation 3. independent assortment of.chromosomes 2. environmental influence on heredity 4. intermediate inheritance

7. Scientists conducted a study of identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different homes. They found that in some sets of twins the individuals showed a marked difference in intelligence. The most likely explanation for this difference is that 1. expression of inherited traits can modify the 3. environment can influence the development and environment expression of inherited traits 2. intelligence is a sex-linked trait 4. nondisjunction occurred in the autosomes of one twin but not the other twin

8. In guinea pigs, black fur (B) is dominant over white fur (b) and rough fur (R) is dominant over smooth fur (r). A cross between two guinea pigs hybrid for both traits (BbRr x BbRr) produces some offspring that have rough, black fur and some that have smooth, black fur. The genotypes of these offspring illustrate the genetic concept of 1. intermediate inheritance 3. multiple alleles 2. independent assortment 4. codominance

9. Which statement describes the work of Gregor Mendel? 1. He developed some basic principles of heredity without having knowledge of chromosomes. 2. He explained the principle of dominance on the basis of the gene-chromosome theory.

3. He developed the microscope for the study of genes in pea plants. 4. He used his knowledge of gene mutations to help explain the appearance of new traits in organisms.

10. Mendel developed his basic principles of heredity by 1. microscopic study of chromosomes and genes 2. breeding experiments with drosophila

3. mathematical analysis of the offspring of pea plants 4. ultracentrifugation studies of cell organelles