Today y

Immunochemistry Innateandadaptive (Chapter31,Bettelheimetal)

Antigen g
y Foreignsubstancesthatelicitanimmuneresponse

(immunogens)
y Thesmallestunitofanantigencapableofbinding

with ithanantibody tib d is i called ll danepitope it

y Toelicitanimmuneresponsetheepitopemustbe

broughttothesurfaceofacell

Innateimmunity y
External Internal

y Skin y Mucous y Tears T

y Dendritic cells y Naturalkillercells y Macrophages M h

Dendritic cells
y Foundinskin,mucus

membranes,thelungs membranes lungs, andthespleen

y Engulfvirusesand

b t i bacteria

Dendritic cells
y Present P antigens i of f

digestedvirusesand bacteriatocellsof adaptiveimmunity (helperTcells)

y Antigen A ti presenting ti

cells(APCs)

Macrophages p g
y Firstcellsinthebloodto

encounteranantigen
y Attackanythingnot

recognisedasself
y Activitymediatedby

interferonandNO
y Digestanddisplayantigen

ontheirsurface

Naturalkillercells
y Targetabnormalcells y Activitymediated d dby b

perforins

Adaptive p immunity y
Cells
Lymphocytes
y Bcells y Tcells

Molecules
Immunoglobulinsuperfamily
y Antibodies y Tcellreceptors(TcR) y Majorhistocompatibility

complexes(MHC)

Adaptiveimmunitycharacterisedbyspecificityandmemory

Cellsofadaptive p immunity y
Tcells
y KillerTcellsattachtotarget

Bcells

cells(cf.NKcellsofinnate immunity)
y SomeTcellsremainas

y Bcells ll diff differentiate i into i

antibody(immunoglobulin) producing p gplasma p cells

y Mostp plasmacellsresidein

memorycells
y HelperTcellsassistin

lymphnodes

recognitionofantigens presented t db byAPCs APC

Differentiationofcellsofadaptive y immunity

Moleculesofadaptive p immunity y
Immunoglobulinsuperfamily
y Solubleimmunoglobulins g y ReceptorsonthesurfaceofT

cells(TcR)
y Major M j histocompatibility hi ibili

complexes(MHC)

Alternatesplicing p g

Hybridomas y

Achecklistofthecomponentsof y immunity
Innate
y Barriers(skin,mucous

Adaptive

membranes tears) membranes,

y Cells(dendritic cells, cells

y Cells(Bcells, cells Tcellsand

plasmacells) macrophages,naturalkiller cells) Protectagainstnonself

y Immunoglobulins

Respondtospecificantigens

Thecomponentsof Th fi innateand dadaptive d i immunity i i interactthroughavarietyofsignallingpathways Helper p Tcellsareamediatorofthesesignalling g g pathways

Lymphatic y p system y

Lymphatic y p system y

Dendritic cells
y Foundinskin,mucus

membranes,thelungs membranes lungs, andthespleen

y Engulfvirusesand

b t i bacteria

Antigen g presentation p

Dendritic cells
y Present P antigens i of f

digestedvirusesand bacteriatocellsof adaptiveimmunity (helperTcells)

y Antigen A ti presenting ti

cells(APCs)

TheTcellreceptor p (TcR) ( )

MHCandTcR interaction