Client: M/s.

HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The work of sub-soil exploration for the proposed Laboratory building for M/s. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd., Irumpanam Installation was entrusted to M/s. Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd., 6th Floor, Alpha Plaza, K.P.Vallon Road, Kadavanthra P.O.,Kochi 682 020. 1.2 The soil investigation and laboratory studies were carried out in November 2009. This report summarises the investigations and furnishes suggestions for the foundations.

2.0 OBJECT OF INVESTIGATION 2.1 The object of investigation is to ascertain the nature and characteristics of sub-soil below the ground level at the proposed site. The study would include identification of suitable foundation systems for the subject work and assessment of safe bearing capacity.

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK The scope of work at this site comprised of the following: 3.1 Mobilisation of boring rig with all necessary equipments and personnel. 3.2 Boring of One bore-hole with rotary power drilling equipments through sand, silt, clay & rock etc. to a maximum depth of 13.90 metres. 3.3 Conducting Standard Penetration Tests in bore-holes and collecting the disturbed samples including packing and transportation to laboratory. 3.4 To conduct the following laboratory tests on soil samples: (a) Particle size analysis: (i) Sieve analysis
Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

(ii)

Hydrometer analysis

(b) Index properties: (i) (ii) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Liquid limit Plastic limit

Dry & wet density Water content Specific gravity Direct shear test Unconfined Compression test

3.5 Preparation and submitting detailed report with field and lab results.

4.0 FIELD INVESTIGATIONS 4.1 One boring rig with all requisite equipments and accessories were mobilised at the work site. A team of technical personnel with skilled labours were also deputed. 4.2 One bore-hole was bored to a maximum depth of 13.9m below the existing ground level. The bore-holes were made as per IS: 1892- 1979. 4.3 Disturbed samples were collected at every change of strata or about 1.50 metres depth interval whichever was earlier. The samples so collected were carefully sealed and numbered with full particulars for identification and sent to the laboratory. 4.4 Standard Penetration Tests were conducted in the bore- holes at regular intervals of 1.50m as per IS: 2131-1981. In this test, the standard split spoon sampler is driven into the ground at the required depth by means of standard hammer of 63.5 kgs weight, falling from a height of 75cm. Number of blows for the first 15cm is not taken into consideration because of possible disturbances
Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

or presence of settled, suspended matters at the bottom of the bore- holes. The total number of blows for the next 30cm depth of penetration is considered as SPT N values are shown in fig. 2.

5.0 LABORATORY INVESTIGATION The following laboratory tests were conducted on the selected samples recovered from the test bore-holes: (a) Particle size analysis: (i) Sieve analysis (ii) Hydrometer analysis (b) Index properties: (i) Liquid limit (ii) Plastic limit (c) Dry & wet density (d) Water content (e) Specific gravity (f) Direct shear test (g) Unconfined Compression Test All the above laboratory tests were carried out as per relevant Indian Standard. All the samples were identified and classified as per IS: 1498-1970.

6.0

SOIL PROFILE Soil profile for each bore hole is as given below and the location of the borehole is as given in fig.1 The soil profile for BH-1 is given in Fig.2. In this borehole the top 1.30m was filled up material. From 1.3m to 2.8m loose silty gravely sand was observed. Medium
Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

clayey silty sandy gravel of non plastic nature wa found from 2.8m to 3.7m followed by medium sandy silty clay of high plasticity upto 6.8m. Medium to dense clayey silty sand of low plasticity was observed from 6.8m to 13.4m. Rock is found below this stratum and the boring was done upto 13.9m. The borehole was terminated at 13.9m.

7.0 7.1

DISCUSSION AND TYPE OF FOUNDATION It is given to understand that the proposed structure is G + 1 building. Based on the soil parameters from the bore log studies, we can observe medium clayey strata from about 3.7m followed by clayey sand strata with pockets of low N values also. With the possibility of long term settlements in these layers, shallow foundation is not suggested.

7.2

With the availability of rocky strata at about 13.4m depth, we suggest provision of bored cast in situ RCC piles by DMC method as a suitable foundation system for the proposed structure.

7.3

The safe carrying capacities for the Bored cast in situ RCC piles by DMC method installed as per the relevant clauses of IS 2911 part1/sec 2 . Safe carrying capacities for different diameters of piles taken to a depth of 13.4m from the existing ground level and resting in rocky strata are tabulated as given below in Table No.7.1. A factor of safety of 2.5 is considered for calculating the safe capacities. Table No: 7.1 Dia of Pile (cm) Safe Capacity (T) 45 50 75.0 95.0

Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

7.4 The piles shall be socketed by about 30cms into the rocky strata. The rocky strata is identified as a layer with SPT N value >100 7.5 It is also suggested that the piles heads shall be connected by grade beams and in between space shall be filled by granular soils and compacted by plate vibrators to take the loads from the flooring.

8.0

METHOD OF COMPUTING OF SAFE BEARING CAPACITY R.C.C. BORED CAST IN SITU PILE Safe capacity of RCC Bored cast-in-situ pile can be computed by using the formula given in IS: 2911 (Part-1/Sec-2)-1979: Ultimate bearing capacity Qu of piles in Cohesion less soil : n Qu= Ap(0.5.D..N+PD.Nq)+ k .PDi .tan . Asi I=1 Where, Ap= Cross sectional area of pile toe in cm D= Stem dia. in cm = effective unit weight of soil at pile toe in kg /cm PD = effective overburden pressure in Kg / cm N and Nq = bearing capacity factors depending upon the angle of internal friction at toe I=n = Summation of N layers in which pile is installed I=1 K = Coefficient of earth pressure PDi = effective overburden pressure in Kg /cm for the ith layer where i varies from 1 to n.
Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

= angle of wall friction between pile and soil in degree (may be taken equal to ) Asi= Surface area of pile stem in cm in the ith layer where i varies from 1 to n. For cohesive soil:Safe capacity of pile = 1/F {AP.Nc.Cp + . C.As) Where Ap- c/s area of pile toe in cm Nc- bearing capacity factor Cp- average cohesion at pile tip in Kg/cm - Reduction factor C average cohesion throughout the length of pile in Kg/cm s- Surface area of pile shaft in cm F - Factor of safety.

9.0 CONCLUDING REMARKS 9.1 RCC Bored cast in situ piles shall be provided as the foundation for the proposed QC Building. Piles shall be taken to a depth of about 13.4m resting in rocky strata. The safe carrying capacities of the piles are as given in Table No.9.1 Table No: 9.1 Dia of Pile (cm) Safe Capacity (T) 45 50 75.0 95.0

Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd

Client: M/s. HPCL , Irumpanam

Soil Investigation work for the Proposed QC Building

9.2 The suggestions given in this report are based on the results of tests on sub-soil samples collected from the boreholes. If in actual execution any variation is found, the consultants may also referred to.

For GEO FOUNDATIONS & STRUCTURES PVT. LTD.

GENERAL MANAGER

Geo Foundations & Structures Pvt. Ltd