REASON FOR SEWAGE PROBLEM The underground sewerage system was established in 1917.

During that period, the population of the city was less than two lakhs and the total length of the sewerage cover was 16.52 km. "At present the sewerage consists of 7.5 km of trunk and 810 branch lines," he informed. Due to lack of a proper stormwater drainage system in the city, the load is increasing on sewer lines. A significant part of the city has open drains carrying waste water. During monsoon, the monsoon carry waste water and stormwater putting more pressure on the sewage pumps Shortage of manpower is also hindering the work of Jal Kal department. The department has a staff of 30 employees to look after the sewerage network. These employees were transferred by Varanasi Nagar Nigam (VNN) to Jal Kal in 2008. "During the cleanliness of sewers, we outsource workers to serve the purpose. Out of a total sanctioned post of 16 junior engineers in Jal Kal, only four are appointed. There is only one assistant engineer supervising the work while eight posts are sanctioned," Pandey added. TO SOLVE SEWAGE PROBLEM 1. Capture: Install an interceptor appropriate to each location to capture all the sewage before it flows into the Ganga. 2. Clean: Install sewage treatment plants that, completely treat the sewage, reclaim water and precious nutrients, require minimal electricity to operate, remove harmful disease causing pathogens and that sequester carbon. 3. Coordinate: Coordinate all existing bodies, national, state and local, making sure they are working together to ensure effective pilot models before replicating, and that sewage treatment capacity matches projected future population needs. 4. Check: Regularly verify that the sewage treatment system is functioning properly and rigorously monitor and report river water quality. In Varanasi such an effective model has already been designed and approved. It features a gravity fed riverside interceptor sewer and an Advanced Integrated Wastewater Ponding System (AIWPS) sewage treatment plant, that, reclaims water and precious nutrients, requires minimal electricity to operate, removes harmful disease causing pathogens and sequesters carbon.

1. Construct a riverside gravity fed interceptor that captures the sewage flowing into the river from upstream of Nagwa to downstream of Varuna. 2. Construct the AIWPS sewage treatment pilot plant approved by the Government of India to treat 37MLD (Million litres a day) of sewage at Ramna. 3. Construct an AIWPS sewage treatment plant at Sota that will treat all the remaining sewage flowing into the Ganga River from Varanasi. 4. Coordinate a plan between all the different bodies running Ganga projects in Varanasi, including JNNURM, JICA, UP Jal Nigam, Varanasi Nagar Nigam, Government of India and Sankat Mochan Foundation.

TO SOLVE TRAFFIC PROBLEM: VARANASI: Traffic diversions and security arrangements are the best way to solve traffic problem. The security and route diversion plans finalised by district magistrate Pranjal Yadav and SSP AK Mishra. Though the traffic restrictions had to be implemented in the evening, the gathering of pilgrims in the vicinity of Kashi Vishwanath temple and ghats had compelled the officials to impose the ban on vehicular movement on roads leading to Godowlia from Lahurabir, Maidagin, Sonarpura, Ramapura and Luxa points in the morning. METHODOLOGY TO BE USED: Annual activity Plan must me prepared which should be reviewed by Nagar Nigam. For awareness of the people meetings, seminars, workshops, Hoardings and Wall posters must be done in order to relate health and public awareness programmes. Announcement through Rickshaw and Autorichaw and Radio programmes must be done for the awareness of the programme. Cluster level meeting with ward representatives must be organised after a particular intervals. Meeting organised by the Municipal Commissioner and other VDA officers must be attended.