International Journal of Engineering Sciences, 2(4) April 2013, Pages: 115-118

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International Journal of Engineering Sciences

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ISSN 2306-6474

Experimental Analysis of Efficiency and Thermal Withstanding Capacity of Three Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Coated with SiO2 & TiO2 Nano Composite Filled Enamel
D. Edison Selvaraj 1, J. Ganesan 2
1 2

Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India. Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sree Sowdambika College of Engineering, Aruppukottai, Tamil Nadu, India. AB STR AC T In recent days, there was a tremendous improvement in the field of dielectric materials used in the motors by adding nano composites of various fillers used for the enamel. In induction motor, the enamel was used for three purposes: impregnation, coating and adhesion. It has been examined that the addition of nano composites to the enamel can greatly improve the thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of enamel. The life time of the induction motor depends upon the insulating property of the enamel used. The basic dielectric properties such as partial discharge, breakdown strength, dielectric loss factor and insulation resistance plays a vital role in the life of the enamel used for the induction motor. Standard polyimide-amide enamel was used in the induction motor. The enamel was mixed with the nano composites of SiO2 and TiO2 in the proportion of 1:3. Before mixing the nano composites, the particle size of micro composites were augment by scanning electron microscope. The micro composites of SiO2 and TiO2 were converted into nano composites by Ball mill method. Then, the particle size of prepared nano composites were also verified by scanning electron microscope. The SEM images show that the prepared powders were in the range of nm. The enamel filled with nano composites was coated on the windings of the induction motor. Heat run test was performed on electrical machines to determine the total loss of energy dissipated as heat. It was a well-known fact that the operating temperature of an electric machine has a very strong relationship with the life duration of the insulation.The performance analysis of the induction motor was carried out by open circuit test, short circuit test and load test. Based on the calculations and result obtained by the above tests, the efficiency of the induction motor coated with enamel filled with nano composites of SiO2 and TiO2 was increased by 5% when compared to that of induction motor coated with pure enamel. So, the economy of the country can be improved by using the induction motor coated with enamel filled with nano composites. By using this type of nano composite fillers with the enamel could improve the life time as well as the efficiency of the motor. Hence, the economy of the industries, houses in the country can be saved to a considerable value.
2013 Int. j. eng. sci. All rights reserved for TI Journals.

AR TIC LE INF O Keywords: Induction motor Enamel Coating nano composite circle diagram load test SiO2 TiO2

1.

Introduction

In the last few years, a great deal of attention has been given to the applications of nano dielectrics in the field of electrical insulating materials. It has been reported that the use of nano composites to the enamel can greatly improve the thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of it [1] [5].Induction motors are widely used in fans, centrifugal pumps, blowers, lifts, cranes, hoists and so on. The efficiency of the induction motor depends upon the insulation used. For motors, the enamel is used for three purposes: impregnation, coating and adhesion. The efficiency of the induction motor can be increased by adding the nano fillers with the enamel which is used as coating for the windings of the motor. In this paper, the efficiency of the normal three phase squirrel cage induction motor and the nano composite SiO2 and TiO2 in 1:3 filled enamel coated three phase squirrel cage induction motor was analyzed and the results were compared with each other. Heat run tests performed on electric machines to determine the total loss of energy dissipated as heat. It was a well-known fact that the operating temperature of an electric machine has a very strong relationship with the life duration of the insulation. The insulating enamel used for coating the machine windings were organic in nature and were adversely affected by thermal decomposition.

2.

Coating of the nano composite filled enamel to the windings of the motor

The nano powders of SiO 2 and TiO2 were taken in the proportion of 1:3. Then, the nano composites of SiO 2 and TiO2 taken in 1:3 were mixed with the enamel by using ultrasonic vibrator. Further, this enamel was coated on the windings of the three phase squirrel cage induction motor. Figure 1 shows the Nano composite filled enamel coated Induction motor.

* Corresponding author. Email address: powergrid4@gmail.com

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D. Edison Selvaraj and J. Ganesan

Internat ional Journal of Engineeri ng Scie nc es, 2(4) Apri l 2013

Figure 1. Nano composite filled enamel coated Induction motor

The specifications of the three phase squirrel cage induction motor were shown below in the table 1.
Table 1. Specifications of the three phase squirrel cage induction motor

Quantity Power Speed Current Voltage

Rating 1.5 HP 1450 rpm 3.45 A 415 V

3.
A.

Experimental analysis
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR CIRCLE DIAGRAM METHOD

This analysis was done by doing open and short circuit test as shown in the figure2. By calculating the open and short circuit current and voltage the losses were found using cirvle diagram method. From the circle diagram it was found that the losses were reduced in nano coated motor. It was shown in the table 2 and 3.
Table 2. Open circuit and short circuit test readings for ordinary induction motor

Open circuit test Short circuit test

Voc 415 Vsc 90

Ioc 1.9 Isc 3.45

Woc 176 Wsc 360

Table 3. Open circuit and short circuit test readings for Nano coated induction motor

Open circuit test Short circuit test

Voc 415 Vsc 90

Ioc 1.9 Isc 3.45

Woc 110 Wsc 320

Figure 2. Snap shot of open and short circuit test

Experimental Analysis of Efficiency and Thermal Withstanding Capacity of Three Phase Squirrel Cage Induction Motor
Internat ional Jour nal of Engineeri ng Science s, 2(4) Apri l 2013

117

Efficiency was analyzed by conducting load test in ordinary as well stator enameled with nano composite motor. The results obtained were successful for our nano coated motor. The efficiency of our nano coated motor increased to 4 percent. This is mainly due to reduction of dielectric losses in Nano coated motor. The readings were calculated for various slip values and shown in table 4.
Table 4. Efficiency comparison for ordinary and nano coated motor

Slip 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 B.

Normal IM efficiency 77 75.4 74.04 68.15 63

Nano coated IM efficiency 83.5 82 77 73 69

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION MOTOR DIRECT LOADING METHOD

The load test was conducted and the output power ,current, efficiency, powerfactor and speed of the induction induction was measured. The maximum efficiency obtained from an ordinary induction motor was 78%. The maximum efficiency obtained from nano coated induction motor was 83%. C. TEMPERATURE TEST

Heat run test was performed on electric machines to determine the total loss of energy dissipated as heat. It was a well-known fact that the operating temperature of an electric machine has a very strong relationship with the life duration of the insulation. Heat run tests were conducted on this motor as per IEC 60851. The temperature of the motor was measured under different conditions and the readings were shown in the tables 5 and 6.
Table 5. Measurement of temperature on stator windings of the motor (without fan) connected to resistive load

Time in minutes 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Temperature of ordinary motor 36 39 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 55.5 57 58 59.5 61 63 64.5

Temperature of nano coated motor 36 36.5 37 38.5 40 42 45 46.5 47 49 49.5 50.5 52 53.5 55 56

4.

Conclusion

The efficiency of the induction motor was increased by 5% by adding nano composites of SiO 2 and TiO 2 (1:3) to the enamel used as the coating for the windings of the three phase squirrel cage induction motor. Hence, the overall performance of the induction motor was also increased by adding nano composites of SiO2 and TiO2 to the enamel used in the induction motor. The speed fluctuations were also less and smooth when compared to that of the ordinary induction motor. It was also observed that the operating temperature of an electric machine has a very strong relationship with the life duration of the insulation. The insulating materials mostly used for coating the machine windings were organic in nature, and were adversely affected by thermal decomposition. But the addition of nano composites to the enamel has increased the temperature withstanding capacity of the induction motor. Hence the life time of the motor will be increased.

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D. Edison Selvaraj and J. Ganesan

Internat ional Journal of Engineeri ng Scie nc es, 2(4) Apri l 2013

Table 6. Measurement of temperature on stator windings of the motor (with fan) connected to resistive load

Time in minutes 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30

Temperature of ordinary motor 33 34 35.5 37 38.5 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49.5 51

Temperature of nano coated motor 33 33.5 34 34.5 35 35.5 36 37 38 39 39.5 40 41 42 43.5 44

Acknowledgement
Thank God and His almighty power to finish His research work by using me, my project guide and my students for His ultimate work.

References
[1] [2] [3] [4] Pugazhendhi Sugumaran. C, Mohan. M.R and Udayakumar. K, Investigation of Dielectric and Thermal Properties of Nano-filler (ZrO2) Mixed Enamel, IEEE Transaction on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation: Vol.17, No.6, 2010. Hulya Kirkici, Mert Serkan, Koppisetty, Nano-dielectric Materials in Electrical Insulation Application, IEEE, 2005. Takahiro Imai, Gen Komiya, Kiyoko Murayama, Tamon Ozaki, Improving Epoxy-based Insulating Materials with Nano-fillers toward Practical Application, IEEE 2008. Guoqin Zhang, Guangning Wu, Laisheng Tong, Enguang, Study of Nano TiO2 Filler in the Corona - resistant Magnetic Wire Insulation Performance of Inverter-fed Motor, Proceedings of international Symposium on Electrical Insulating Materials, June 5-9, 2005, Kitakyushu, Japan A3-8, 2005. Edison Selvaraj. D, Pugazhendhi Sugumaran. C and SivaPrakash. A, Characterization of Electrical and Thermal Properties of Enamel Filled with Carbon Nanotubes, PEIE 2012, LNEE, pp. 496-502, 2012.

[5]

Authors

Mr. Lieutenant. J. Ganesan received the B.E., degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Anna University, Chennai in 2007 and doing M.E part time in Applied Electronics at Anna University of Technology, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India. Presently he is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sree Sowdambika College of Engineering, Aruppukottai.

Mr. D. Edison Selvaraj received the B.E. degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Anna University, Chennai in 2007 and M.E. degree in High-Voltage Engineering from Anna University, Chennai, TamilNadu, India in the year 2010. Presently, he is working as Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi.