What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

An idiopathic, noninfectious, severe nausea and vomiting that causes dehydration, ketone formation, weight loss, and metabolic acidosis.

Hyperemesis gravidarum Includes IV fluids, IVvitamins, NPO to Clears, IV anti-nauseam, thiamine, and tx. Of hyperthyroidism

Hyperemesis Gravidarum
What is hyperemesis gravidarum? It is persistent vomiting typically in the first trimester that is severe enough to cause weight loss, dehydration, acidosis from starvation, alkalosis from vomiting, and hypokalemia What hormones may be associated with hyperemesis? It may be related to high or rapidly rising levels of serum estrogen or hCG, or both What abnormalities are seen on laboratory tests? Elevated levels of hCG or serum thyroxine Elevated levels of serum transaminases (typically <200 IU/L, and ALT > AST) Elevated levels of bilirubin, amylase, lipase, and electrolytes What is the association between hyperthyroidism and hyperemesis gravidarum? Although there are biochemical signs of hyperthyroidism (elevated thyroxine levels), this is most likely the effect of hCG on the TSH receptor (seen in 6070% of patients). Clinical symptoms of hyperthyroidism during hyperemesis gravidarum are not seen How is hyperemesis gravidarum treated? First-line pharmacotherapy consists of vitamin B6 or vitamin B6 plus doxylamine. Vitamin B1 should also be administered to prevent Wernicke encephalopathy. Antiemetics, IV crystalloids, and IV fluids should be given until the vomiting is controlled What are several life-threatening complications of hyperemesis gravidarum? Mallory-Weiss tears Esophageal rupture Pneumothoraces Pneumomediastinum What two vitamin deficiencies are a result of prolonged vomiting and can have severe consequences? Vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency can

cause Wernicke encephalopathy Vitamin K deficiency can cause coagulopathy with epistaxis What is the effect of hyperemesis gravidarum on the fetus? IUGR and fetal death may occur in the setting of persistent vomiting and maternal weight loss What should mothers be advised regarding recurrence of hyperemesis gravidarum It often recurs in subsequent Pregnancies. Morning Sickness You lose little if any weight. Nausea and vomiting do not interfere with your ability to eat or drink enough each day. You vomit infrequently and the nausea is episodic but not severe. It may cause discomfort and misery. Dietary and/or lifestyle changes are enough to help you feel better most of the time. You typically will improve gradually after the first trimester, but may be a little queasy at times during the remainder of your pregnancy. You will be able to work most days and care for your family. Hyperemesis Gravidarum You lose 5-20 pounds or more. (> 5% of prepregnancy weight) Nausea and vomiting cause you to eat very little and get dehydrated from vomiting if not treated. You vomit often and may vomit bile or blood if not treated. Nausea is usually moderate to severe and constant. You will probably require fluid hydration through a vein and/or medications to stop the vomiting. You usually feel somewhat better by midpregnancy, but you may continue to be nauseous and/or vomit until late pregnancy.

You will likely be unable to work for weeks or months, and may need help caring for yourself.

What are the symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum?

The following are the most common symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum. However, each woman may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:

constant nausea, especially after the first trimester vomiting after eating or drinking vomiting not related to eating weight loss dehydration

The symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum may resemble other medical conditions. Always consult your physician for a diagnosis.

Symptoms of Hyperemesis Gravidarum

The list of signs and symptoms mentioned in various sources for Hyperemesis Gravidarum includes the 15 symptoms listed below:

Excessive nausea during pregnancy Excessive vomiting during pregnancy - e.g. vomiting more than 3 or 4 times a day Weight loss during pregnancy Tiredness Dizziness Dehydration - and symptoms of dehydration including:

o o o o o o o o

Thirst Reduced urination Racing heartbeat Headaches Confusion

Other severe symptoms and conditions: Malnutrition - and symptoms of malnutrition Poor weight gain during pregnancy Acidosis - and symptoms of acidosis

Read more at http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/h/hyperemesis_gravidarum/symptoms.htm?ktrack=kcplink