You are on page 1of 13

01-0 /-.

()
&'*+

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

!
" #
$%


 


 
 

(A Critical Look at the Objections Raised Against the Maft


al-Ghayb of Fakhr al-Dn al-Rzi)
3
2

4

Abstract
Imm Fakhr al Dn Al-Rzi (born, 1149: Rayy, Iran- died, 1209: near Herat,
Afghanistan) was one of the outstanding figures in the fields of Islamic theology,
philosophy and sciences. His fame lies as much in his exegetical works about the
Holy Qur'n as in his theological works. He was greatly devoted to the Qur'n from
childhood and studied its commentary with his father. His study of all the other
sciences by no means reduced his love for the Qurn. As he wrote in old age: "I
have experienced all the methods of theology and all the ways of philosophy, but I
did not find in them the benefit which could equal the benefit I derived from the
reading of the exalted Qur'an". His numerous works include his famous
commentary of the Holy Qurn known as Maft al-Ghayb The keys to the
unknown. Three major objections are raised against this Tafsr, (a): that Imm Rzi
did not complete it by himself, (b) that this Tafsr has everything in it except the
Tafsr itself, and (c) that Imm Rzi narrated the opposite theological opinions in
greater detail but his response towards them is very brief, rather that he failed to
explain the viewpoints of Ahl Al-Sunnah in a satisfactory way. The following article is
an attempt to disprove these views.

F/
G

AH
 I
%
JK
LM
NBC
D
E 
=>
%
? '*
 @
A;;8<:9788 
 


56
(
P
()


%
^_
NY
`
&a
b
I
ef
' [
\]
%
c d ghi
OQ
NR
+
S
T
U
V
@
JK
W
X N
Y
*Z

 (
 I

k
lm
n
E
'o
d p
I /q
r
s
W
%
t
uv
%
wx


5yz
{
E
|}
j

P


o
' d 
@
JK
~
LI
NY
[

%
JK
&Q

 5
4

A>
?N
C

E

|

N

ZI
@A;<:9<8I
C

+
|

 
\

(

I
/*

'  

y
u


/ y

/



I
/*

'  

y
u


/ y



:I
/
!
y
/y
5
/I[

17

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

(
 

&
E
LI

I

5
NY

I

/
//
/
I

 


56


c E


? 


I
Ic

NR
|

 
NR

j<

N
( P
P
NR
Q

 @
L
L
 Qz
I 

(

I

!

I
" #
?

/


 ?
@







 


 
56

!
^
X
()
N


|
~6

E
\c
%

X

/R

&*+

' 

(
P


|

]
6
%
AI

" # :

E
\c
%




P

@
X
~
LIQ
%
?
E








 ~
 
56
. )P
c &I>
%

E
X /' 
z


^
.0
R



c c /


?

%
}I
@

z
I
e

% 

@

z
%


I




c d %

 
56 .
N

?



!







X
@
 
56
~
5
I

o

' d I
/R
L
[

I


o

' d 
I

 

 


 
56

(
(










%


I

&

I/

l


I


'
!

[
"#
 

$





(

c E
\c
%

X
/
BC

'
@
( )
NR
E
\c
%



X
c

|

R
*
+

+
E
LCI
,
E
\c
%



@
LI-

%
 
56
(
(
NS


E
\c
%
~C


 
%
X
I /

&f/
!

~
L0&I
.
(

N5
~
 
56


R
C

 51
|


%
23
4
&f/
!

~
L0&I
I
(
N

?
;

X 8
9
:
~
 
56
/
S
I7


 @

~
L0&I
6
P(
N
?%@

LA
&
B
%
 
56
~
L0&I
=>

( 
NR

?
 
56
B
H
!K

' 
I E

/

 
FG
~
L0&I
L D

&I
.

(
(

N# /LM /0I Jc K
E
? /


FG

E
\c
%
~C


 
%
X
I /

&f/
!

~A

P
P
(P
c
N
Q

 Xz#
Y
Z

/W
gf KU
V

I TRS /C
& 
3
PQ/<OQ

&I
I

(

 51
|


%
23
4
&f/
!

~
L0

? NR
5


~
 
56


R
C

P
U
N

Q
 9c
_c ` a
b#
V
I 98]^ I[

\
E
i
U





Ag  h
iR
8
EAdhJe

f# ]
h#  ~ 98]^ I[

\

18

..0
.
.<
.C



 
!
" #
$%
 
 

  


 


)(

&'*+

01-0 /-.,

j

(
(






I7
@
X
&I
l
mC
5n



I /
o
p
H

 51

|
k
!K
' X




R
C
x
 

[
c



  
56
E
LI-
/

I

\

R
q
r

NR


s
!
tu


vw
/



.

c  y
| c

*
NR
z
{

vw
X
|c
T
|9c_ c `a
b#
V N

| '
' l

&I
6

(
V
E
? /

?
;

X 8
9
:
E
X
~
 
56
/
S
I7


 @

~
L0
P - -0 (  `_ -(
N
Q
~} dh
V / I / O
/-1?d

>=
&I
>=

(P
c

~
Z
56




T
?%@

LA
?
/




~
 
56

S

u

~
L0


I
u
E
&I
X NY

B
P


I


2

? /

*+


' c


/
R
 9c7;]^ 
c

V
<-

|
?
!

# ;:8cj
(

v
A 
2



~
L0NR
9;<]^  di
V#
( 
2
I


  R
8
BC

5
[
I

E


-C

j
P
(

c  N
R

|
2

~
I
[
d _c

%
?

NR
K
!
X
l

&I
L D
 D


 (

X
NR

?
 
56
B
H
!K



' 
I E
?
 R


FG
~
L0
R


I
A
-T

R
S~
L0

-

&I
98]^ fg

v
E


(


[

'c
H
N

N I
A






c

I
/=

E
\c
%

5
I

LI-

/f
f  I
 !
LI-

!
N

A K
I
[
)

E

X
19

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

(
'y
.

 9]^ 
V#


@



 ~
 
56

R

B 


NR

@
X
~ 9<]^ ~

V

2
(

X
E ?

~
L0
9;8]^ 



%
B 
X

%
LI-


-W
NR


i

_ (


{

%
X
 n
[

5




E;
/;;/; 
 c e

8
^
j

 ~
I



P
P



{
E

X N C
Q

 EA;<7

|
9

' u
O6
*

' I
!

I
/ C
Q

(

4
{
uw

B 
X No




 

Ll7



~
 
56

R



N-i


K

6
E?I
I
T
LM
(

BC

k @

%

5
|

%?

T
~



5

8
E?K
5



%

C
ZI
/
o
5
j




~
 
56 


2


\I
j

N 6'y

~ 9
]

4
V
V#


{
 9c]

V



*

&
I
l
C

51



R

 'y'*
c vw
X
@
P-
 %
%
 
56

-.

 
I


%
 
56
NR'*

(
'y
I

(
(


@
E
 I


5
E


I
/6'y




H
~
 
56

R

B 

y

' X



I


I

z
E


Ll


I# 
 
{
?
vw
/


?
I

I# 



 
56


R


|
(
01

 
E^+
I

2

/A;<
]^  
V
u
4
E
y

' X
:

.
(
c c E
5
'!K
%
%



*

'  @
9

l
BC

W
%
-


  
56

R

c



(
P



/

c c 
\

!K
'

@
/
&
c
X
%
LIQ

E




I
LI'*

N  


%


E


E"" 2


&I/
R
T

?!
Z
B 




*

'  |
L
 /





~
 
56

R
uw


%
fg

\
?


20



 
!
" #
$%
 
 

  


 


)(

&'*+

01-0 /-.,

P
N
I
A
|
LIQ
(
P





|
o

' d +
|
? 
%
  
~
L0/

 T




E
y
' X
0-


&I
E
^ 
&@ /



-
) (



00
j

 (



@




'!K

I
{


T
~

!
%





R

v
!
zc
)

'
&*'

|


"

/
#
$
%

@
X(


 I
%

!
%
? /)
[

+

 


B


 
56
j
X(



|
tu

[



N
,

%
-!
%

H
&I

NR
(
(


 
?
I
23
I
L1
uw

\I
j
 E


Ll
s
2

? .

c
X
T
I
/0
f
NR

 
56
/

H

R
3

h45

5
E
\c
%

5I


6

I
*


%

5

R

v
!

/R


h45
&
7
~

*+


' c

0

8

(



 
56 
~ 
F
V
E
LN

~

9

R
S
E
&f/
%
~
{

~
_ c `a
b#
V
P
<0
!
N

E

@


~
c
V NR
T
:
(




 
56
E
LN

?

R
;
E
&f/
%



E


~
IJc K
V
c
I
!
<
NR

0C


 
56
~
LB


*

'  E

%

{
E@A
 
~
?
=
V
>
p
c
0T


@
N
H
(


N 
I

~
C#
%

@
Llc
LI
?
I

8
I


P


c E
?
/

F I
'  
 
56
9
&I
/

f  Q

R
C


 51
|

D{
E

E


21


 




 
!
" #
$%
 
 

  

)(

&'*+

01-0 /-.,


 
 

%

I

R
{



G 1
:







:


:


:







.
R
I
@

 


56
z I
H

R
FG
E
{
X
0W

0i


{
I

:
c c R
!I
E
X

 
56

R
c
J


/

2
!
LK
LI

E

%

~
LB


|

&
%
_c `a
b
V

!

5
~
C#

I
?L
V
x
;
@


I

@

%

I

 
56
|
?
I[

_c `a
V
E
LI-

I
~K
E

I /

c c M


# 
 N

zO
I
E

%
_c `a
b#
V

/







F I

N
P
Q
 uw

X

;
E
R


{

c

~
LB
O
.
N

2S
%
8



NRC
51
|

%
?

/ U

}
)
@
E
V
%
 
56
~
~
T>O
I
(
(
f


%
& W
%
 
56
W
%
~
H
@
X

I /C

 K

Y
Z
 !

@
?

R
[
\

|
5



9


]

{

^
E
X
%
X
I /C



X

|
L_

 

 E


lK


~
 
56
[
b

 /`
U
{
E


a I
&# 


/
C


5
)
c
j
 

~

vw

c
I

T
c
X
5
)
&I
~
X
I /C

5!
|
d
E

lK
NC

P
 c ` a

|
X
~
C#
I
~K

%
/

f
<
!

~
_ 
b#
V

Q
 %

@
Z"
e
X
l
(
0.
No
Z



zg
|
uw

%

(

  # 
 
X


?
T
~

E
R

&f/
!
i


T
~
LI-



R
mC
T
|
c
X
fh
P
(
 N#
I dh
V
k /


!<
X
E
u#

<

f /R

T
A j
2
2
!
?
~
OQ
@
N

[)
nz
@
X
C#

l
mC
l
m

 c
c T
c

"2~ A;<]^  'o'*


c pqr
st
%
u'!
c Rv
w

22

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

K[
5
z

{

@
|8
Ax#z
?y
2

_c ` a#
b#
V

R
;
E"
(
d @
X
&cI



| 9c ZI

%
 

/'

%
ZI

?
I
/'o~

f  }


%
X
p
P
1
 @
X

%
 
/
{
6
NR
6

_c
2
&
I
/

@

~
LB

R
C

 51

l
|



 
56

R

E
5
%
_c ` a
b#
V

R
I


c c &@
E

m 
E

l8
:
!

~
X

S

E
*

c c /
[
)

' %



NC




|
I


 
2S
uw

_c ` a
b
V
|
X
N
C

z I
~C
D|
l I




(
(
 
 I


I /
R

 T
l I


IJc K
V
E
\c
%

I 0=

V
/-#z
E

B 

%
X

/


!

E


 
56
~
IJc K
V

R

I

N


~
d h
V
P
(

NR

|
 
56

5


%

vw

&Q
uw

~C
5n
(
(

f

X
%


R
c
s
/

c

& 
@
c

<
R
C

 51
|
&f/
%
 
56
2
(

@
X
~
L1 I
~K
E

I
LC



I
{

|
uw

~
X
I
C

Y
Z
 !



K
T
@
l
/


2S
uw


@
Ll{

E


T
/C
 

<
!
/
5@

 







 C#
R

B
5n

<

9
:/

!

@
c

~


*

j
(
P(
N

I7
?%@

LA
5n
E
LN



|
(
(
( i

b' i


R


|
]
V BC

&f/
!

E
? 'h
?
~

?
=
V
>

((
<
N jjjjR
5#
f 2
E
LI,
I
[

I
2y
%



 ~
P
(
f




|

X


I7
l

 /

&Q
uw
X
l
mC
5

H

~
 
56 /


2
( P  K
R
I`

<
!
(
C

6'y
$
%


L
>
( )

(
(
(
c ?
l
mC


 I


I 
L

'!c
|
FG

~C
5n
%

X
~


X
E


<
I C

T
& 

2
F I
^
I /



L
@
c
X
&I
R

@


+


%

z

!
A
I
A

 

l/
R

8
<
!
X
G I

9
T
!
?
E

I
v}

I
I
+
I
23




 
P


j

!

E


Tz
C

:

<

~
L0
R
Q



 S
E
\c
%

R

:

< !



 ~
X

C
+

23

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

P
(
(

/f
f 
c |

I /R
 
T

~
I

%
?

@
/
R
E
A
v

di

R
C
zI

 
56

T
/
*
C

!


&IE
BC
*#
'
&^I
/
LM

E
(

NC


c
@
|
 
56
~

 

?
[
l

2/R

f
C
ZI



E


(P
(
P
P
c c

T
/

L@

 L
 Q
%

vQR

E
X
T
*
C

T
!
di

2





 (
 P
R
j
A#
 c z

u



R
lc 
|




R

S
E

X

c E
X
I
/

J

T
!

|
E
C#



I

 
56

R

?
T

~
l!

c c

R


E
\c
%
X
~

  
56

N;

c
@
E
\c
% 
E


I

~

T
NR

?
|
L c I

@
A

%
~

%

I



I
(

c


E

%


Ll


R

23
!
 
56

R
mC
51

E
!K

' %

X
(
(


&f/
!
5



vw
X
E
%
Ll

U
o

' d

!
N


*

'  c
I
'y
 
 
TC

uw

 
56
T



%

X
l
#
C

szc
@



I
tu

c
N
{

vw
X
E
%
?
Tz/



 
56
A


(
 (
 @
X


 
56


&I
R
&f/
!
&^I

E!K

' %





R
*+
S
I7
y

' j

c c R
&
B
N
LC
I
A
~
LB /
D


/

5
v

X
&I




@

|
L_

/
o
5

?



~
 


56

C

5
v
 
E

Y

I

/


E
X
 



~

I /
o


&
A
I
&
'*


%
2


/
C


Y
@

%


%
#!

R
C

 
%
2
X
o
' d


NLC

X
(

f

X




{
?
I

X



@
L_

%

$
X


2
2
N+
z
[
5
z

&cI
E
 %

E


2

I /

l
5

$
%


((
))
I
R

E




~ 987]^ 
%z
?
N
^


.



W


. :


(

/ 
I



@
X
~
L.1
I /
S[
)


E
\c
%


X
I
 
56
@
&
X
 (
NR

[
g
|


LII
I
K
/R


|c
c

Tz

24


 




 
!
" #
$%
 
 

  

)(

&'*+

01-0 /-.,



&

E
\c
%
k
X

5


 

 " 
R

&

[
2

X
~
L.1

/
2
@
!


|

%
l

5



c '*
c [
2
" c

%

E
X

*'

X
/R


2
X
&


R

/ R
2

N
2
!

X

%
?K'y


(





%
~

i

2

dh

V



Ei


i

.

j
)
P
<1

 
BC

Z
E

]

I
d   z c
N




E

%
2
\



I
 



!

~
 
56  j
(

|
 E
[
c
X l
C

N

z
 'o
d j




LB

!
23
%




 
56


@
L1 I
~
I

c

X

~


%
X
I
/R
Z
!

?K'y

!
X
TC

@

~
v
[

I

%

X

^z
I /


@
" # /

z

%
o

' d &I
W
X
/R

!
&
I

 P
N+

2c

!
L C
I
LI



lc 
|

2
!

\6

c c /


?

%
}I
@

z
I
e

I




6

c d %

 
56

R
+




R
+

 S
/
R
+




%
u

@
#
X 

?

%


@

z
%


<
N

y

' @
2
I




 
56
P


A)
[
LIQ
E

2
|
uw

Tz/


|
;
@

z 
%

&I

R
+
 S


<0

EZ c

[
I
~

!
5
%
 
56

T
E
R

[
B 

vw

6
T


^_


N


c
%

%

E
23

I

&
7
~
 
56

R
m+
C
L

(

NR
C



!
' 9

 E
?
c
%

%
^_/


[
?
%

@
L1
%

R



Lw
%

[
%

 
56
T
~
.
st
uI
:-

)) ((

25

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 

<

.
P
<<
 2
!
X
T

~
LB
W
X
=

!

X
/
R


[
)
%

j

f  Q
@
 
56

...




( 
)(
)

s'y
*

' c 7
E

&-


I
!
'*&
'


%
?m
I
?

 
R
q
r
c

)(

2zc

%
?

 @


 
56
~
L0
l/*
C

L0

%
!
LI
I
/R

N
&


 

8



 
56
&I


E
\c
%

X





c c



I

/
R

\'*



C

E
\c
%
Llc
?
l

!
!

X
~
E


P
 P
P
<C
NR
mC
lc 
8



 
56
|





&I

4
E

I
|
I
 (

~
L.1

I
/

u
U
o

' d |
I


I
{
? E

%
 
56

R
d }

%
!

X

N

!
|

E
X
&I/

B

E
\c
%

?

 
56

()


+
@


ER

%
? 







?

 |
Llc
&@
@


 l/
C

( 

H
$

/


!
9o

' d o

' d I /
"
H#
!
X
I

!
'!K

I !
X

%
v

(


I

& 
c

? /
%
X
/


@
E
\c
%


?

 
56
@
?
?
%
~
NC
%

' (I
&

(
I-
/.
/
 /8/A)*#

+

Ax*#
?, _c `a
b#
V (P
(

6i


' 7`8'9c
 
/ei
4
v4
/
5
/0
 12
IJc K
 d
4
3 /c/c/0
(
j 0;
 : /;<</ I
C: /A;<</ I'<
 c /=>

 c 2?
 /@(A
5B

G/8/
/( 5yz

LM 

P
E

 G c   K c

H
/I 
J '*
/c
/D(  ` I

 OQ
N# <
I#z /A;<</ I'< c
F  
;;//d_d_K
vL
& 
3
PQ C
d
c KI
/
/G
4
M
/</
RS T

Iz /A;</N'o
(P

I'< c
 _
O
 /8/;/
Xz#
Y
fgKU
V W
U

(  9
J K '*
c //AdhJei  f
 c  _
O
 
/P

Iz /A7
I'</
f#c
Ag
h I[ i

26

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 


N8
/
;
/
Ax#z

z
?y_ c `a
b#
V .
Iz /A;<<8/ I-Z
 /X{
?R /( /;/?#
z
QI?L
V
/?#z


 &
//8/?S

I#z /A;<<
I'< c  _
O
 
/T
U
/?S
K(
K(/O
(

N;/;
/?
/?



VI `_
P
(
'  V
 /IY*
# 3/;/7/e
eM
I* /
# ;<c/ I'< c
X

Wdh
V
c d M
W
d 5B
 /;7
/
Z
I
 
 
56z
'*+
c
/

I#z /A;/[&'o /

(
N/;
/



A\
v
]
 

di
(
A/ I'< c

] ^
A_
 
 
/IY*
# V`N;</8/ Q
/ Q1c
] 1 fg
(P i
(
 aI`h
/
/;7/
/?

d
c KI
/
//;
/?I
N'o
/?I I

4/LM
 c
_
?I/A;<<7/c
5
 
b/77/?K
?K
5/
A;<</[y#z
]c
d
/c7
/^+
I
4/
V

N I-g
 
/

/ef

ef
&A K
I
 
 Z/?!
h

  


A;<c/ a/'9c
 
/8/

-1
--0
-
-<
-C
-T
-W
-i
-.
01
000

c
/
0
N;7/Z
I
 
 
56z
'*+
N;;
/
/Ax
/Ax#z

z
?y_c `a
b
V 0<


N;<
/7/ 12

IJc K
V 0C

)
( (
@A
 ? 0T
A;</?IlcK
k;
' j
//;/@A

 dh
ui
* 


A/ I-/b>
] ^
A
 /<c/</

 0W

Nc/7/

 0i

c
/
0.
N;7</Z
I
 
 
56z
'*+
 c
c V
4o
/
/O



m
I
n




# 'o'
d 'pi
O
 /'q

*c 1
C: /5;<<7/'o



Iz
_ c /5;<c7
/ _
O
 / r
s

/// 12
#z N7;
/@A

@A
 ?
c KM
W
N/7/
W
d h
V
( hi

?
?
N8
/
8

/? '


r
c (
 w
ey*
Nx
/
/I

V
4 I U
/8/
t
I
u



v
LM

27

0

<
C

01-0 /-.,

()
&'*+

!
" #
$% 

  

 
 



 


N;<</;/

   T

 c 4

/78/;
/



]




?
N
A/ I'< c

g
 /y

N78/?K


5/

/?K
(

5;<</[
z
_ c
/;

/i

/dh
)
P
{  /A;<c8/
/
/;8/


]

I
d   z c
N

N8/8/@A 
@A  R

|
|}
(
~
?
>

P
E
(
`


Nc/D I

OQ
N
 
c K 
.
A;<77/[
~
/
/

h c*

' /;8c/nyz


N;;7
/
;
/



W
i
.
<1
<<0
<
<<

N;<8
/


  

 <C

28

You might also like