MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite Element Method (Professor Lall) MECH 5390/6390/6396 FUNDAMENTALS OF FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Department

t of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University Spring Semester 2013

Instructor: Office: E-mail: Office Hours: Lecture: Shelby 1122

Professor Lall 1438 Wiggins Hall lall@eng.auburn.edu 11am -12 pm, Tuesday and Thursday (TR) 2:00-3:15 am, Tuesday and Thursday (TR)

Labs: ANSYS/LS-DYNA and MATLAB are available in Computer Labs, Wiggins Hall. Lab Teaching Assistants: None Textbook: Concepts and Application of Finite Element Analysis (4th Edition) by Robert D. Cook, David S. Malkus, Michael E. Plesha, Robert J. Witt John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-35605-0, 2002

References: Finite Element Procedures, Klaus-Jrgen Bathe Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-301458-4, 1996 An Introduction to the Finite Element Method," J. N. Reddy McGraw-Hill, NY, 2nd Ed., 1993 Grade Determination: 15% - Mid-Term Exam 1 (February 5, 2013) 15% - Mid-Term Exam 2 (March 5, 2013) 15% - Mid-Term Exam 3 (April 2, 2013) 30% - Final Examination (May 1, 2013, 4-6:30 pm) 25% - MATLAB and ANSYS/LS-DYNA Analysis Projects A B C D F

Grading Curve:

90-100 80-89 70-79 60-69 0-59

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite Element Method (Professor Lall) MECH 5390/6390/6396 FUNDAMENTALS OF FINITE ELEMENT METHOD Department of Mechanical Engineering Auburn University Spring Semester 2013 Catalog Data: MECH 6390 FUNDAMENTALS OF FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (3). LEC. 2, LAB. 3. Pre-requisites MATH 2660 Topics in Linear Algebra MECH 3040 Heat Transfer MECH 3130 Mechanics-of-Materials Introduction to the fundamentals of finite element method. Accommodation Policy for Students with Disabilities (Cited from Schedule of Classes) It is the policy of Auburn University to provide accessibility to its program and activities and reasonable accommodation for persons defined as having disabilities under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. Students with disabilities desiring additional information should contact the Program for Students with Disabilities, 1244 Haley Center, (334) 844-2096 (Voice/TT). Course Goals: 1. Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamental concepts of the finite element method by forming the stiffness, displacement, load matrix equations for simple structures, solving for displacement, and then computing strains and stresses. 2. Be able to use finite element methods to solve some of the most common types of problems in mechanical engineering. Develop ability to select appropriate FE element type for the physical model desired. 3. Understand how a finite element method approximates the solution to a partial differential equation, understand how different types of boundary conditions are handled, and have a general understanding of how the error in the approximation can be estimated and reduced by an adaptive method 4. Describe fundamental properties of the method in terms of compatibility, convergence, error sources, error estimation, orthogonality, energy minimization, etc 5. Develop familiarity with numerical methods and techniques closely related to the finite element method, such as variational techniques, numerical integration, isoparametric mappings, and solving large systems of equations 6. Understand the importance of checking the finite element solutions and models with "back-of-the-envelope" solutions and engineering judgment. Assigned Reading The assigned readings are listed for each lecture. The student is encouraged to read the assigned material prior to class lecture. Contingency Plans If normal class and/or lab activities are disrupted due to illness, emergency, or crisis situation (such as an H1N1 flu outbreak), the syllabus and other course plans and assignments may be modified to allow completion of the course. If this occurs, an addendum to your syllabus and/or course assignments will replace the original materials.

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) LECTURES Week Lecture Date 1 1 Jan 10 COURSE TOPIC Finite Elements: An Overview Modeling and Discretization Interpolation, Elements, Nodes, DOF Solving a problem using FEA Matrix Algebra Definitions and Manipulations Introduction to MATLAB One-Dimensional Elements Bar Element Beam Element One-Dimensional Elements Bar and Beam of Arbitrary Orientation Direct Stiffness Method Assembly of Elements(2.5) Properties of Stiffness Matrices (2.6) Solutions of Equations Boundary Conditions (2.7) M. L. King Day Holiday Solutions of Equations Exploiting Sparsity (2.8) Stress Analysis with 1-D Elements Mechanical Loads Thermal Loads Structural Symmetry Elasticity Assigned Reading Chapter 1 Section 1.1 to 1.6 Appendix A Chapter 2 Sections 2.1 to 2.3 Chapter 2 Sections 2.4 to 2.7 2.2-1 2.2-3 2.2-5 2.3-1 2.3-3 2.4-2 2.5-1 2.5-4 2.6-2 2.6-3 2.7-1 2.7-2 2.8-1 2.8-4 2.8-6 2.9-2 2.9-5 2.10-2 2.11-1 2.11-2 3.1-2 page 1 of 6 Assigned Problems 1.3-2 1.3-3 1.3-4 Project Assignment for Week

Jan 15

Jan 17

3 3

Jan 21 Jan 22

Chapter 2 Sections 2.8 to 2.13

Jan 24

Chapter 3

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) Week Lecture Date COURSE TOPIC Stress-Strain Relations Strain-Displacement Relations Compatibility, Equilibrium Equations Exact and approximate solutions. Interpolation Functions Degree of Continuity Interpolation Functions C0 Interpolation C1 Interpolation 2D and 3D Interpolation Formulas for Element Matrices Bar Element Beam Element Stiffness Matrices for 2D Problems Constant Strain Triangle (CST or T3) Quadratic Triangle (LST) Mid-Term 1 Element Derivations: T6, Q4, Q8 Elements Bilinear Rectangle (Q4) Quadratic Rectangle (Q8, Q9) Rectangular Solid Elements Element Performance Choice of Interpolation Functions Element Performance Improved Triangles and Quadrilaterals Work Equivalence of Loads Equivalent Nodal Loads Assigned Reading Section 3.1 to 3.2 Assigned Problems 3.1-3 Project Assignment for Week

Jan 29

Chapter 3 Section 3.2 to 3.3

3.2-1 3.2-3 3.3-1 3.3-3

Jan 31

Chapter 3 Section 3.4 to 3.5 Chapter 3 Sections 3.6 to 3.9

3.4-1 3.4-3 3.5-1 3.6-2 3.6-3 3.6-7 3.7-1 3.8-1 3.9-1 3.9-2 3.9-3 3.10-2 3.11-1 3.11-4 3.11-5 page 2 of 6

5 8

Feb 5 Feb 7

Feb 12

Chapter 3 Sections 3.10 to 3.14

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) Week Lecture Date COURSE TOPIC Stress Calculation: Examples Introduction to ANSYS/LS-DYNA Error, Error Estimation and Convergence Sources of Error Ill-Conditioning, Condition Number Diagonal Decay Test Residuals Error, Error Estimation and Convergence Discretization Error, Convergence Rate Multi-Mesh Extrapolation Mesh Revision Methods Gradient Recovery and Smoothing A-Posteriori Error Estimate Modeling Considerations and Software Use Physical Behavior VS Element Behavior Element Shapes and Interconnection Material Properties, Loads and Reactions Repetitive Symmetry Modeling Considerations and Software Use Sub-Models and Sub-structures Planning an Analysis Checking the Model Critique of Computed Results Variational Methods Principle of Stationary Potential Energy Problems with many D.O.F Potential Energy of an Elastic Body Assigned Reading Handout on WebCT Chapter 9 Sections 9.1 to 9.5 Chapter 9 Sections 9.6 to 9.11 Chapter 10 Sections 10.1 to 10.9 Chapter 10 Sections 10.10 to 10.16 Chapter 4 Sections page 3 of 6 Assigned Problems None 9.2-1 9.2-3 9.3-1 9.3-2 9.4-4 9.5-1 9.7-1 9.7-6 9.7-7 9.9-2 9.10-1 10.9-1 10.9-2 Project Assignment for Week Project 1 ANSYS/LSDYNA Analysis.

10 7 11

Feb 14 Feb 19

12

Feb 21

13

Feb 26

14

Feb 28

4.2-1 4.2-2 4.2-5 4.3-1 4.3-2 4.4-1 4.4-2

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) Week Lecture Date COURSE TOPIC Assigned Reading Assigned Problems Project Assignment for Week

9 15

Mar 5 Mar 7

4.1 to 4.4 Mar 3rd Mid-Semester Mid-Term 2 Variational Methods Chapter 4 Rayleigh-Ritz Method Strong and Weak Form Sections Finite-Element Form of Rayleigh-Ritz 4.5 to 4.8 Method March 11-15, Spring Break Convergence, Additional Formulations Convergence of Finite Element Solutions Hybrid Elements Introduction to Galerkin Method

4.5-4 4.5-5 4.5-11 4.6-1 4.7-1 4.7-2 4.8-1 4.9-1 4.9-2 4.9-4 4.10-1 5.1-2

10

16

Mar 19

Chapter 4 Sections 4.9 to 4.10 Chapter 5 Sections 5.1 Chapter 5

17

Mar 21

Weighted Residual Methods Methods of Weighted Residuals (MWR) Galerkin Finite Element Method in 1D Sections and 2D 5.2 to 5.6 Mixed Formulation Isoparametric Elements Bilinear Quadrilateral (Q4) Stiffness by Numerical Integration Quadratic Quadrilateral (Q8 and Q9)

11

18

Mar 26

Chapter 6 Sections 6.1 to 6.4

5.2-3 5.2-4 5.3-1 5.3-2 5.5-4 5.5-6 6.1-3 6.2-6 6.2-7 6.3-5

Project 1 Due Today

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

page 4 of 6

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) Week Lecture Date COURSE TOPIC Assigned Reading Assigned Problems 6.3-6 6.4-1 6.4-2 6.7-2 6.7-3 6.8-1 6.8-2 6.8-9 6.9-1 6.10-2 6.10-3 6.10-9 6.11.2 6.12-2 6.13-1 7.1-3 7.2-3 7.3-2 7.3-5 7.4-1 8.1-1 8.2-2 8.3-1 8.3-2 8.4-3 15.1-1 15.1-3 15.1-4 15.2-2 page 5 of 6 Project Assignment for Week

19

Mar 28

12 20

Apr 2 Apr 4

Isoparametric Elements Hexahedral Isoparametric Elements Incompatible Modes, Nodeless D.O.F Static Condensation Choices in Numerical Integration Mid-Term 3 Isoparametric Elements Load Considerations Stress Calculation Effect of Element Geometry Validity of Isoparametric Elements Patch Test Isoparametric Triangles and Tetrahedra Shape Functions Element Characteristic Matrices Analytical Integration Numerical Integration Coordinate Transformation Stress, Strain, Property Transformation Transformation of Characteristic Matrix Changing Direction of Restraints Plate Theory Kirchoff Plate Theory Mindlin Plate Theory

Chapter 6 Sections 6.5 to 6.8 Chapter 6 Sections 6.9 to 6.13

Project 2 ANSYS/LSDYNA Analysis. Assigned

13

21

Apr 9

Chapter 7 Sections 7.1 to 7.4 Chapter 8 Sections 8.1 to 8.4 Chapter 15 Sections 15.1 to 15.3

22

Apr 11

14

23

Apr 16

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

MECH 5390/6390/6396 Fundamentals of Finite-Element Method (Professor Lall) Week Lecture Date COURSE TOPIC Assigned Reading Assigned Problems 15.2-3 15.3-3 15.3-4 11.2-1 11.3-1 11.3-3 11.3-5 11.4-1 11.4-5 11.4-7 11.5-1 11.6-1 11.6-2 11.6-5 11.7-3 11.7-4 11.8-1 Project Assignment for Week

24

Apr 18

Structural Dynamics and Vibrations Mass and Damping Matrices Particle Mass Lumping Consistent Mass Matrix HRZ Lumping Natural Frequencies and Modes Structural Dynamics and Vibrations Damping Reduction of Number of D.O.F Response History, Modal Methods Ritz Vectors

Chapter 11 Sections 11.1 to 11.4

15

25

Apr 23

Chapter 11 Sections 11.5 to 11.8

Project 2 Due Today

26

Apr 25 Apr 26 May 1

Review Classes End Final Exam (4 pm - 6:30 pm) SCHEDULE MAY CHANGE BASED ON NEEDS OF CLASS. PLEASE CHECK BLACKBOARD FOR UPDATES FREQUENTLY.

2013 Auburn University Department of Mechanical Engineering

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