VFR Communication

Abbreviations CTR is the abbreviation used for the term "control zone" "HJ" is the abbreviation for Sunrise to sunset. "FIR" is the abbreviation for Flight information region. "HX" is the abbreviation for No specific working hours. The following abbreviated call sign of Cherokee XY-ABC is Cherokee BC Q Codes QTE - True bearing from the station

QDM - Magnetic heading to the station (no wind) QDR - Magnetic bearing from the station QNH is used to report altitude

If you are requested to report your height, you would refer to Q-codesetting QFE

Meteorological "VOLMET" is Meteorological information for aircraft in flight.

 Aviation routine weather reports (METAR) of specific airports be obtained by aircraft in flight by VOLMET The visibility in an aviation routine weather report (METAR) expressed in plain language is in metres up to 5000m and in kilometres above 5000m VHF The frequency band containing frequencies of the Aeronautical Mobile Service is 118.000 - 136.975 MHZ The minimum frequency separation between consecutive frequencies in the VHF band is 8.33 KHz The frequency separation between consecutive frequencies in the VHF band is 25 KHz The propagation characteristics of VHF are practically straight-line similar to light waves The maximum distance at which you might expect solid VHF contact over flat terrain at the following flight levels is FL 100 is about 120 NM FL 50 is about 85 NM

Phraseology The phraseology to be used when requesting permission from the control tower to taxi on a runway in the direction opposite to that in use is "Request backtrack on runway".

The time is 9:20 A.M. The correct way of transmitting this time if there is no possibility of confusion about the hour is Two zero. The radiotelephony call sign for the aeronautical station providing flight information service is "INFORMATION

In the event that a pilot is required to make a blind transmission, this should be made twice on the designated frequency

 Radar instructs aircraft X-BC to do the following: "X-BC squawk standby ". This means X-BC is requested to switch to standby position "X-BC recycle 1015". This means X-BC is requested to reselect SSR code 1015 The instruction "Orbit right" means make 360 turns to the right

Category of Messages Air traffic control messages (clearances, instructions, etc.) belong to the category of Flight safety messages.

A message concerning aircraft parts and material urgently required is A flight regularity message.

Priority of Messages The order of priority of the following messages in the aeronautical mobile service is:

1. Flight safety message 2. Meteorological message 3. Flight regularity message The priority of the pilot's message "request QDM" is Greater than "turn left heading..." The priority of the instruction "taxi to runway 05" is the same as "line-up runway 07 and wait".