Landing Gear

General Description: The S-64F landing gear is a non-retractable type with a right and left main landing gear strut and a nose landing gear with a parking lock. Wheel brakes are mounted on the main gears for holding the aircraft still on uneven surfaces. The landing gear consists of the following subsystems a. Main landing gear strut b. Nose landing gear strut c. Wheels and brakes Position and warning subsystem d. Tail Skid Main Landing Gear Strut Description: The main landing consists of two main gear struts mounted to the side of the fuselage that support the helicopter while it is on the ground. The main landing gear consists of the following components: a. Strut and fork assembly b. Torque arms c. Schrader valve

Main Landing Gear Strut Component Description

Strut and Fork Assembly: The strut and fork assembly consists of the following parts: a. a cylinder b. a strut piston attached to c. a fork, d. a floating piston e. a metering pin and orifice f. a Schrader valve g. a plug h. and torque arms The piston acts as a shock. The fork houses the axle. The floating piston separates the hydraulic fluid from the nitrogen charge. The metering pin and orifice control the vertical movement of the piston. The plug permits filling the strut with hydraulic fluid. In normal flight the strut is held in the extended position by nitrogen pressure in the strut and the weight of the wheel and brake assemblies. As the wheels contact the ground, the hydraulic fluid moves up with the strut piston, but must go through the orifice, slowing down the piston in its upward stroke. As the tapered metering moves down through the orifice, the hydraulic fluid is further slowed down, causing a slower upward movement of the piston. Torque Arms: The torque arms are bolted to the cylinder and to the piston. The separate torque arms a bolted together to form a joint.
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The torque arm allows vertical movement, but prevents swiveling of the piston in the cylinder. Three lubrication fittings are installed in each torque arm. Schrader Valve: The Schrader valve is a high pressure charging valve located at the lower end of the main landing gear strut piston. The Schrader valve permits charging the strut with nitrogen.

Servicing instructions:
A/C on Jacks: Open Schrader valve and bleed all nitrogen from strut. Remove cover on top of strut. Remove filler port on top of strut. Bottom the floating piston, using a hand pump, or a long drift. Remove pressure line to filler and fill with hydraulic fluid to level with the filler cap. Replace servicing cap and cover. Service with nitrogen to 270 psi. Nose Gear Strut Description: The nose gear strut is a non steerable type oleo strut mounted to the front of the helicopter to support the helicopter on the ground. The nose landing gear strut consists of the following components: a. Strut housing b. Strut assembly. c. Torque arm d. Schrader valve e. Locking device housing f. Nose landing gear locking device g. Spring Cylinder h. Centering cylinder i. Shimmy damper

Nose Gear Strut Component Description

Nose Landing Gear Strut Housing: The nose landing gear is attached to the fuselage by four bolts that pass through the housing structure. The cylinder, to which the centering cylinder is connected, contains the lower bearing and spacer. This prevents the orifice from bottoming on the bearing during full extension of the gear while in flight. The centering cylinder provides a positive trail position of the gear during flight. Torque arms connect the strut with the cylinder. The nose wheel is locked in the trailing position by a spring locking lever. The locking action is engaged or disengaged through linkage to the cockpit.

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Nose Landing Gear Strut Assembly: The strut and fork assembly consists of: a. a cylinder, b. a strut piston attached to c. a fork, d. a floating piston, e. a metering pin, an orifice f. a Schrader valve, g. a plug, and h. torque arms. The piston acts as a shock. The fork houses the axle. The floating piston separates the hydraulic fluid from the nitrogen charge. The metering pin and orifice control the vertical movement of the piston. The Schrader valve permits charging the strut with nitrogen and the plug permits filling the strut with hydraulic fluid. As the wheel contacts the ground, on landing, the hydraulic fluid moves up with the strut piston, but must go through the orifice, slowing down the piston in its upward stroke. As the tapered metering moves down through the orifice, the hydraulic fluid is further slowed down, causing a slower upward movement of the piston. Torque Arms: The torque arms are bolted to the cylinder and to the piston. The separate torque arms a bolted together to form a joint. The torque arms allow vertical movement, but prevent swiveling of the piston in the cylinder. The torque arms are reached through the nose wheel door. Schrader Valve: The Schrader valve is a high pressure charging valve located at the lower end of the nose strut piston. The Schrader valve permits charging the strut with nitrogen. Locking Device Housing: A locking device housing is installed to provide support for the shimmy damper and a connection point for the nose wheel centering cylinder. It is keyed to the top of the strut cylinder. The housing device contains mounting provisions for the roller and the bumper that are parts of the nose landing gear parking lock.

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Nose Landing Gear Locking Device: The nose landing gear locking device consists of: a. a spring cylinder, b. lever arm, c. support arms, d. cam spacers and e. rollers. The spring cylinder provides tension through cam action on the lever arm attached through a linkage to the nose landing gear housing. The lever arm engages the roller mounted on the locking housing, locking the strut. Cam and spring cylinder action absorb any shock on the locking mechanism if the nose wheel attempts to turn while locked. A control handle on the right aft side of the center console, when pulled out, releases the locking lever this action locks the nose gear in the trail position. The locking lever is disengaged by pressing the button on the handle and pushing the handle all the way in. Spring Cylinder: The spring cylinder is a part of the nose gear parking lock mechanism and consists of: a. an outer cylinder, b. a cylinder base, c. a link, and d. a spring assembly. The spring assembly contains: a. an inner cylinder, b. a series of spring washers, c. two disks, and d. a nut. The spring cylinder dampens any violent movement of the locking mechanism when it is in the locked position, yet allows the locking mechanism to release during overload to prevent damage to the nose gear.

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Centering Cylinder: The nose wheel centering cylinder is a pneumatic unit and consists of: a. an outer cylinder b. inner cylinder, c. piston, d. rod end, and e. Schrader valve. The cylinder is serviced to 125 psi and holds the nose landing wheel in trailing position for flight and landing operations. The cylinder is reached through the nose gear door. Shimmy Damper: The viscous shimmy damper controls nose landing gear wheel vibrations during take off, landing, and taxiing. The damper is an annular shaped unit installed at the top of the nose landing gear. It is reached through the nose landing gear door. Energy Absorption Fuse: The energy absorption fuse is a safety device to prevent too much of a pressure surge in case of a hard landing. A fuse is installed in the hydraulic line to each main landing gear and is mounted on the aft side of the landing gear support. When a sudden pressure surge occurs due to hard landing, a piston in the fuse breaks the shear pin and moves forward to allow the fluid in the line to exhaust to relieve pressure. Relief Valve: The relief valve is mounted on the hydraulic panel. The relief valve relieves excessive pressure caused by thermal expansion when the helicopter is jacked.

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Landing Gear Wheels and Brakes Description The wheel brake system is a master power boost type system consisting of: a. Master power boost cylinder b. Parking brake valve c. Shuttle valves d. Brake assembly e. Main Gear Wheel and Tire f. Nose Gear Wheel and Tire The brakes are actuated by the toe portion of the rudder pedals. The brakes hold the aircraft still on uneven surfaces

Landing Gear Wheels and Brakes Component Description

Master Power Boost Cylinder: The master power boost cylinders are connected to each toe brake pedal by mechanical linkage. The cylinder increases braking pressure by acting as a primary mechanically operated hydraulic cylinder as initial brake action is applied. As foot pressure is increased, utility system pressure provides boost within the cylinder, increasing pressure to the main wheel brakes. The cylinders are located below the cockpit floor. Parking Brake Valve: The parking brake valve is a dual unit with internal sequence valves. When actuated, the sequence valves trap pressure to the brakes. They also provide thermal compensation. The parking brake valve is mechanically controlled by the parking brake handle on the center console. Shuttle Valves: The shuttle valves are mounted on the cockpit floor structure next to the left pilots master power boost cylinders. They prevent simultaneous brake application by both pilots.

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Brake Assembly: The wheel brake assembly is a single disc brake. The housing is bolted to the axle flange and the disc is keyed to the wheel in such a manner that it is permitted to float laterally. Friction is produced when the linings on the face of the pistons are pressed against the disc Main Gear Wheel and Tire: Four each. Two per axle. Each tire is a 8.5 x 10 tubeless, 12 ply type 3 helicopter tire. Each wheel is a split rim type containing roller bearings, an Schrader valve, a hub cap and a retainer. Nose Gear Wheel and Tire: The nose wheel consists of a tubeless tire and a bearing mounted aluminum split rim. The tire is an 8.5 x 10, 12 ply rating tubeless helicopter tire. The wheel is mounted to the nose landing gear axle. Landing Gear Wheels and Brakes Theory of Operation When the pilot applies pressure to the toe portion of the tail rotor control pedals, mechanical linkage positions the master power boost cylinder directing metered utility system pressure to the brake assembly on the main landing gear. Initial pressure on the toe brake pedals supplies manually developed hydraulic pressure to the wheel brakes. Continuation of pressure on the pedals causes the utility hydraulic system pressure to supplement the manually developed pressure through the power boost cylinders. The utility hydraulic system supplies 1500 psi pressure to operate the hydraulic power boost portion of the brake system. To park, the brake pedals are held down and the parking brake valve handle is pulled up to the park position and the pedals released. The latching pins on the parking brake valve locks the valve and handle in the parked position. The caution advisory panel light marked PARKING BRAKE ON will illuminate, indicating that the parking brake valves are in the parked position. To release the brakes, (HOLD UP ON THE HANDLE), depress the brake pedals and move the handle SLOWLY to the off position. The brakes should always be parked with boosted pressure for the best braking action and proper thermal compensation. Tail Skid Subsystem Description: The tail skid system is located at the base of the pylon and protects the aft empennage and pylon during abnormal landings. The tail skid system consists of the following components: a. Strut and Knee b. Brace c. Fork. The tube connects the male knee to the shock strut. The shock strut absorbs impact loads that may occur on an abnormal landing. The shock strut is a pneumatic-hydraulic cylinder containing a floating piston that separates the air from the hydraulic fluid, a damper that regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid during ground contact, and spacers in the piston and cylinder to limit the stroke of the strut.
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Brace: The brace consists of two tubes with end fittings. The brace is bolted to the bottom of the pylon and positions the bottom of the strut and knee.

Fork. The fork connects the strut and knee assembly to the fuselage at the bottom of the pylon.

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