C0NJP0L ANu M0NlJ0PlN6

i
M|f0M 4LS10M 1, z 8 nomer|ca| fo|| scheme d|stance re|ays prov|de f|ex|b|e and re||ab|e
protect|on, contro| and mon|tor|ng of transm|ss|on and sobtransm|ss|on ||nes.
Jhe wide ranqe cl ccmmunicaticns cticns
hel in easily ccnnectinq the relay tc any
tye cl diqital ccntrcl system cr SCAuA.
Jhe cticnal redundant ethernet bcard
(Pz/P cnly) reduces the ccsts since
the relay is natively embedded in the
switchbcard. Jhis reduces the amcunt cl
standalcne switches needed, reducinq the
wirinq, cwer suly and maintenance
ccsts.
Furthermcre, increasinq the availability rate
decreases the risk cl cwer cutaqes.
J .se J .se J .se J .se
Jhe MiC0M ALSJ0M distance
rctecticn relays can be alied tc a
wide ranqe cl cverhead lines and
underqrcund cables in hiqh and extra
hiqh vcltaqe systems. Based cn a
atented, rcven alqcrithm with mcre
than twc decades cl established lield
alicaticn, the Pi, Pz 8 P
relays rcvide an unaralleled
ccmbinaticn cl seed, security and
selectivity lcr any kind cl cwer system
lault.
fo|| scheme d|stance re|ay
PP0JLCJl0N
M|f0M 4LS10M 1, z 8
8J .se 8J .se 8J .se 8J .se
l
4pp||cat|on
MiC0M ALSJ0M Pi, Pz and P numerical lull scheme distance relays rcvide ccmrehensive distance rctecticn lcr dillerent alicaticns
such as: lines, cables, taed lines, lines with multile zerc sequence scurces, ncn-hcmcqenecus lines, series ccmensated lines and arallel lines.
Jhe indeendently ccnliqurable resistive reach lcr each zcne allcws easy alicaticn tc shcrt lines and cable rctecticn. usinq well-rcven, atented
techniques tc directicnalise - and makinq lull use cl diqital memcry - the relays can be alied in situaticns that may cause classic distance
imlementaticns tc malcerate (crcssccuntry laults, clcse-u laults, etc.).
Jhe Pi, Pz and P all ccntain a library cl channel aided scheme lcqic and sulementary and back-u rctecticn. Jhey rcvide ccmlete
rctecticn (lcur alternative settinq qrcus) tc sclidly earthed systems, lrcm distributicn tc transmissicn vcltaqe levels.
s-hase triinq with laulted hase indicaticn is rcvided lcr all rctecticn luncticns. ln additicn mcdels Pz and P allcw sinqle-hase triinq
lcr distance rctecticn and channel aided uLF rctecticn (6N).
Jhe Pi, Pz and P distance relays, equied with iscMlz CPu and ccrccesscr bcard, have ncw been enhanced as described in the
lcllcwinq table:
l
Full scheme distance relay
z
k01f1l0N
Sequence cl event reccrdinq
Ccmrehensive disturbance reccrdinq
(wavelcrm cature)
user ccnliqurable LLus
Lccal and remcte ccmmunicaticn crts
Multile ccmmunicaticn rctcccls and
interlace cticns
Jime synchrcnisaticn
Fully custcmisable menu texts
Multi level asswcrd rctecticn
Jest lacilities
Pcwer-u diaqncstics and ccntinucus sell
mcnitcrinq cl the relay
user lriendly settinqs and analysis
scltware (Si Studic)
Management fonct|ons
Jc ccmlement the wide ranqe cl rctecticn
luncticns listed in the table, the Pi, Pz
and P relays are rcvided with the
lcllcwinq measurement, ccntrcl,
mcnitcrinq, cst lault analysis and sell-
diaqncstic luncticns:
Fault lccatcr
uislay cl instantanecus measured and
derived values
Circuit breaker ccntrcl, status 8 ccnditicn
mcnitcrinq.
Jri circuit and ccil suervisicn
Fcur alternative settinq qrcus
Prcqrammable scheme lcqic
Prcqrammable allccaticn cl diqital inuts
and cututs
l
Full scheme distance relay
A w|de range of features to su|t the protect|on needs for a|| types of app||cat|ons. A w|de range of features to su|t the protect|on needs for a|| types of app||cat|ons. A w|de range of features to su|t the protect|on needs for a|| types of app||cat|ons. A w|de range of features to su|t the protect|on needs for a|| types of app||cat|ons.
s
un.|cn.| cve:v|e. un.|cn.| cve:v|e. un.|cn.| cve:v|e. un.|cn.| cve:v|e.
k01f1l0N
l
Six indeendently ccnliqurable quadrilateral
zcnes, lcr hase laults and earth laults, are
rcvided. Fcur indeendent earth lault
residual ccmensaticn ccellicients are
rcvided lcr ncn-hcmcqenecus line
rctecticn, cr the back-u rctecticn cl
translcrmers. Z and Zq can be selected as
lcrward cr reverse.
Jhe distance tc lault measurement is
immune tc lault resistance and lcad current.
A least squares methcd is used tc qet the
alqcrithms tc ccnverqe raidly.
b|stance protect|on
Jhe ceraticn cl the distance relay is based
cn the ccmbined use cl twc lault detecticn
alqcrithms:
Calculaticn cl the suerimcsed current
and vcltaqe values that are characteristic
cl the lault (delta alqcrithm).
Measurement cl imedance values
(ccnventicnal alqcrithm).
Jhis dual alqcrithm cllers reliable detecticn
cl all tyes cl laults in the netwcrk. Jhe
imedance calculaticns are erlcrmed every
samle lcr all six lccs AN, BN, CN, AB, BC
and CA, makinq this a true lull scheme
numerical distance relay.
Based cn transient ccmcnents, the delta
alqcrithm is a atented technique with
nearly twc decades cl alicaticn in varicus
relays. Jhe delta alqcrithm uses the
suerimcsed siqnals, which aear durinq
laults, lcr lault detecticn, hase selecticn
and directicn determinaticn. Jhe directicnal
element uses the siqn cl the enerqy
calculated lrcm v and l tc decide the
directicn cl the lault:
Fcr a lcrward lault, v and l are cl ccsite
clarity (siqn cl enerqy: neqative)
Fcr a reverse lault, v and l are cl the same
clarity (siqn cl enerqy: csitive).
Jhe directicnal and hase selecticn
elements will chanqe their decisicns il
required, lcr examle durinq evclvinq laults.
Jhe ccnventicnal alqcrithm uses the
imedance measurement criteria with
quadrilateral-shaed characteristics. Phase
selecticn is enhanced lcr hiqh current laults
by utilisinq current hase selecticn. ll the
lault current is lcw, imedance based hase
selecticn is used.
l
Full scheme distance relay
bes|gned for tota|
protect|on of yoor system

mec.ne |.:..e:|s.|s (c.|cn.| .||. mec.ne |.:..e:|s.|s (c.|cn.| .||. mec.ne |.:..e:|s.|s (c.|cn.| .||. mec.ne |.:..e:|s.|s (c.|cn.| .||.
.|.| 1///, | se|e.ec .c) .|.| 1///, | se|e.ec .c) .|.| 1///, | se|e.ec .c) .|.| 1///, | se|e.ec .c)
k01f1l0N
e|..|cns|| |e..een sue:|mcsec .nc .u|.ec c.e: s,s.em e|..|cns|| |e..een sue:|mcsec .nc .u|.ec c.e: s,s.em e|..|cns|| |e..een sue:|mcsec .nc .u|.ec c.e: s,s.em e|..|cns|| |e..een sue:|mcsec .nc .u|.ec c.e: s,s.em
Bcth alqcrithms wcrk in arallel,
indeendently mcnitcrinq the system,
measurinq the imedance lccs and
calculatinq delta values ccntinucusly. Frcm
the Bi.c versicn cnwards, the distance
alqcrithm chaininq is ctimised tc ensure a
tyical time cl i - i.i cycles lcr any tye cl
lault and SlP (lrcm i tc sc).
l
l
8ack-op I t|me de|ayed protect|on
Phase cvercurrent: lcur indeendent
staqes cl hase cvercurrent rctecticn with
twc staqes settable as directicnal and luMJ
are available. Nine lLC/lLLL luMJ curves
are rcvided tc chccse lrcm.
Larth lault: lcur standby earth lault
elements, where all can be set tc directicnal
and either uJ cr luMJ, with an cticn cl
timer hcld cn reset. Bcth elements can be
enabled at the same time.
vcltaqe: twc indeendent staqes cl cver
and undervcltaqe rctecticn are rcvided.
0ne cl them can be ccnliqured tc cerate
with inverse characteristics.
Jhe brcken ccnductcr rctecticn rcvided
detects unbalanced ccnditicns caused by
brcken ccnductcrs, malceraticn cl sinqle
hase cl switchqear cr by cther sinqle
hasinq ccnditicns.
v1 I fv1 soperv|s|on {v1SIfv1S)
vcltaqe translcrmer suervisicn is rcvided
tc detect lcss cl cne, twc cr three hases cl
the vJ siqnal, rcvidinq indicaticn and
inhibiticn cl vcltaqe deendent rctecticn
elements. An ctc-inut may alsc be
ccnliqured tc initiate the vcltaqe
translcrmer suervisicn alarm and blcckinq
when used with MCBs cr cther external
lcrms cl vcltaqe translcrmer suervisicn. A
searate caacitive vcltaqe translcrmer
suervisicn element is alsc rcvided tc
detect a vcltaqe errcr due tc a caacitcr
shcrt-circuited in a CvJ. Jhe relay detects a
ermanent small zerc sequence vcltaqe and
qives an alarm (adjustable timer).
ower sw|ng b|ock|ng
A cwer swinq is detected when the
imedance lccus takes mcre than
sms tc crcss the P and X band. Any cl the
zcnes (Zi/ZiX, Zz, Zs, Z, Zq cr Z) can be
selectively blccked. Fcur searate elements
can be set tc cverride the cwer swinq
blcckinq in case cl majcr laults (the delta
methcd is used in hase selecticn). Jhe
relay can dillerentiate a stable cwer swinq
lrcm cut cl ste ccnditicns, by mcnitcrinq
the siqn cl the resistance.
Sw|tch-on-to-fao|t {S01f) 8 tr|p-on-
rec|ose {10k)
Jhe switch-cn-tc-lault and tri-cn-reclcse
rctecticn cllers last lault clearance
lcllcwinq manual cr autc-reclcsinq cl circuit
breakers resectively.
fhanne| a|ded scheme |og|c
Jhe relay is rcvided with a ccmrehensive
selecticn cl lLC and ANSl/lLLL ccmatible
channel-aided schemes:
Permissive under reach rctecticn,
acceleratinq zcne z (PuP Zz),
Permissive under reach rctecticn, triinq
via lcrward start (PuP lcrward),
Permissive cverreach rctecticn with
cverreachinq zcne i (P0P Zi),
Permissive scheme unblcckinq lcqic, (lcss
cl quard, lcss cl carrier)
Blcckinq cverreach rctecticn with,
cverreachinq zcne z (B0P Zz),
Blcckinq cverreach rctecticn with,
cverreachinq zcne i (B0P Zi),
Weak inleed and echc lcqic.
Current reversal quard lcqic is alsc available
tc revent triinq cl a healthy line in
dcuble circuit lines.
l
Full scheme distance relay
fhanne|-a|ded d|rect|ona| earth fao|t
{a|ded bf)
Channel aided directicnal earth lault
rctecticn cerates in cc-crdinaticn with
cne cr twc remcte end relays. Jhe aided
uLF rctecticn is able tc tri sinqle cr three-
cle usinq ermissive cr blcckinq scheme
lcqic. Jhe transmissicn channels may be the
same as thcse used by the distance
rctecticn cr may be indeendent. Jhe
directicnality cl the earth lault elements is
rcvided by either zerc sequence cr neqative
sequence clarisaticn.
lnterm|com {opt|ona|)
lntermiccm allcws hiqh erlcrmance
ermissive and blcckinq tye unit rctecticn
tc be ccnliqured, lus transler cl any diqital
status inlcrmaticn between line ends.
lntertriinq is sucrted tcc, with channel
health mcnitcrinq and cyclic redundancy
checks (CPC) cn the received data lcr
maximum messaqe security. lntermiccm
rcvides eiqht end-end siqnals, assiqnable tc
any luncticn within a Miccm Alstcm relay's
rcqrammable lcqic. uelault lailsale states
can be set in case cl channel cutaqe.
s
Lv 8 v sue:v|s|cn Lv 8 v sue:v|s|cn Lv 8 v sue:v|s|cn Lv 8 v sue:v|s|cn
k01f1l0N
Measorement and record|ng fac|||t|es
A wide ranqe cl inlcrmaticn can be dislayed
and stcred in Pi, Pz 8 P relays. All
events, lault and disturbance reccrds are time
taqqed tc a rescluticn cl ims usinq an
internal real time clcck. An cticnal lPl6-B
crt is alsc available lcr accurate time
synchrcnisaticn. A lithium battery rcvides a
back-u lcr the real time clcck and all reccrds
in the event cl suly lailure. Jhis battery is
suervised and easily relaced lrcm the lrcnt
cl the relay.
Jhe measurements rcvided, which may be
viewed in rimary cr seccndary values, can
be accessed by the backlit liquid crystal
dislay, cr the ccmmunicaticns crts. A wide
ranqe cl instantanecus and derived
arameters are available. Phase nctaticn is
user delinable usinq the Si Studic text editcr.
u tc scc time-taqqed event reccrds are
stcred, and can be extracted usinq the
ccmmunicaticns crts cr viewed cn the lrcnt
anel dislay.
1herma| over|oad
A thermal relica (sinqle cr dual
characteristic) rcvides alarm and tri
staqes, tc warn and rctect in the event cl
rclcnqed circuit cverlcadinq.
1r|p c|rco|t soperv|s|on
Jhe relay suervises the tri circuit in bcth
breaker-cen and clcsed states usinq
dedicated rcqrammable scheme lcqic.
forrent transformer soperv|s|on {f1S)
Current translcrmer suervisicn is rcvided
tc detect lcss cl hase CJ siqnals and inhibit
the ceraticn cl current-deendent
rctecticn elements. Jhis is achieved by
detectinq the resence cl residual current
in the absence cl residual vcltaqe.
f|rco|t breaker fa||ore protect|on
{L88)
Circuit breaker lailure rctecticn can be
used lcr backtriinq ustream circuit
breakers, and/cr lcr retriinq via a seccnd
breaker tri ccil when a lccal breaker lailure
is detected. Jhe circuit breaker lailure lcqic
may alsc be initiated externally lrcm cther
rctecticn devices il required.
4otorec|ose w|th check synchron|s|ng
Jhe Pi rcvides three cle multi-shct (u
tc lcur shcts) autcreclcse with cticnal
check synchrcnisinq. Jhe Pz and P
rcvide cne and three cle multishct (u tc
lcur shcts) autcreclcse with cticnal
synchrcnism check. Fcr bcth mcdels, the
user may select a sinqle, twc, three cr lcur
shct autcreclcse cycle, with indeendently
settable dead times and reclaim time. Jhe
check synchrcnisinq luncticn cllers
indeendent settinqs lcr manual clcsinq and
autcreclcsinq.
l
Full scheme distance relay
rogrammab|e scheme |og|c
Prcqrammable scheme lcqic (PSL) allcws the
user tc custcmise the rctecticn and ccntrcl
luncticns. lt is alsc used tc rcqram the
luncticnality cl the ctically isclated inuts,
relay cututs, LLu indicaticns, lntermiccm
(ccntrcl inut) and virtual inut/cuut
usinq 600SL. Jhe rcqrammable scheme
lcqic ccmrises qate lcqic and qeneral
urcse timers. Jhe qate lcqic includes 0P,
ANu and majcrity qate luncticns, with the
ability tc invert the inuts and cututs, and
rcvide leedback. Jhe rcqrammable scheme
lcqic is ccnliqured usinq the qrahical Si
Studic PC based sucrt scltware.
fao|t |ocat|on
A lault lccaticn alqcrithm, immune tc lault
resistance and lcad current, rcvides distance
tc lault in miles, kilcmetres, chms cr
ercentaqe cl line. A mutual ccmensaticn
leature is rcvided tc eliminate the
ellect cl zerc sequence mutual cculinq lrcm
arallel lines.
6
:c:.mm.||e s|eme |c| (1 .uc|c ec|.c:) :c:.mm.||e s|eme |c| (1 .uc|c ec|.c:) :c:.mm.||e s|eme |c| (1 .uc|c ec|.c:) :c:.mm.||e s|eme |c| (1 .uc|c ec|.c:)
k01f1l0N
Second rear common|cat|on port
An cticnal seccnd rear ccurier crt is
available which may be ccnliqured as
PSzsz, PSss cr K-Bus. Jhe seccnd crt is
desiqned tyically lcr dial-u mcdem access
by rctecticn enqineers/ceratcrs,
when the main crt is reserved lcr SCAuA.
Selectinq this bcard alsc ensures that the
relays have lntermiccm hardware litted, as
bcth cticns reside cn the same bcard.
M|com 4|stom z-graph
MiC0M ALSJ0M z-6rah allcws the
dcwnlcadinq cl distance rctecticn settinqs
lrcm the relay and the dislayinq cl the
triinq characteristic lcr all lcur qrcus.
Jhe user can mcdily the distance settinqs
and ulcad the new ccnliquraticn intc the
relay. Ccnversicn tc ric lcrmat and an
exert tccl lcr analysis is alsc available
Peccrds cl the last s laults are stcred.
Jhe inlcrmaticn rcvided in the lault reccrd
includes:
lndicaticn cl laulted hase
Prctecticn ceraticn
Active settinq qrcu
Fault lccaticn
Pelay and CB ceratinq time
Currents, vcltaqes and lrequency
f8 cond|t|on mon|tor|ng
Jhe circuit breaker ccnditicn mcnitcrinq
leatures include:
Mcnitcrinq the number cl breaker tri
ceraticns er hase
Peccrdinq the sum cl the brcken current
quantity lx, i.c < x < z.c
Mcnitcrinq the breaker ceratinq time
Mcnitcrinq the number cl breaker
ceraticns within a redeterminedericd.
fontro|- hotkey meno
Jri and clcse ccmmands are lacilitated
lrcm lrcnt anel hctkeys, tc allcw direct CB
ccntrcl withcut the need tc naviqate a
menu. 0ther in/cut, cn/cll and
enable/disable ccntrcls are easily
rcqrammed.
b|storbance records
Jhe internal disturbance reccrder has eiqht
analcque channels, sz diqital and cne time
channel. zs reccrds cl ss duraticn each can
be stcred. All channels and the triqqer
scurce are ccnliqurable. uisturbance
reccrds can be extracted via remcte
ccmmunicaticns and saved in the Ccmtrade
lcrmat. Jhese reccrds can be viewed usinq
Si Studic cr any cther suitable scltware
rcqram.
l
Full scheme distance relay
D|s.u:|.ne :ec:c v|e.ec |n 1 .uc|c D|s.u:|.ne :ec:c v|e.ec |n 1 .uc|c D|s.u:|.ne :ec:c v|e.ec |n 1 .uc|c D|s.u:|.ne :ec:c v|e.ec |n 1 .uc|c

Loca| and remote common|cat|ons

Jwc ccmmunicaticns crts are available as
standard: a rear crt rcvidinq remcte
ccmmunicaticns and a lrcnt crt rcvidinq
lccal ccmmunicaticns.
Jhe lrcnt PSzsz crt is desiqned lcr use
with Si Studic, which lully sucrts
luncticns within the relay by rcvidinq the
ability tc rcqram the settinqs cll-line,
ccnliqure the rcqrammable scheme lcqic,
extract and view event, disturbance and
lault reccrds, view the measurement
inlcrmaticn dynamically and erlcrm
ccntrcl luncticns (usinq Ccurier rctcccl).
Jhe delault remcte ccmmunicaticns are
based cn PSss vcltaqe levels.
Any cl the rctcccls listed belcw can be
chcsen at the time cl crderinq:
Ccurier / K-bus
Mcdbus
lLC6csc-s-ics
uNP s.c
lLC 6issc-s-i
k01f1l0N
s
Bardware
All mcdels include:
A backlit liquid crystal dislay (s lines)
iz LLus (s rcqrammable)
An cticnal lPl6-B crt (nct Pi)
An PSzsz crt 8 an PSss crt
An cticnal seccnd PSzsz/PSss/K-Bus
crt (nct Pi)
A dcwnlcad/mcnitcr crt
A battery (suervised)
N/0 and N/C watchdcq ccntacts
Suervised +s v lield vcltaqe
k01f1l0N Full scheme distance relay
4|stom 6r|d Wor|dw|de fontact fentre
www.qrid.alstcm.ccm/ccntactcentre/
Jel: + (c) iss zsc cc
www.qrid.alstcm.ccm
l
Jhe ctc-inuts, relay cututs and eiqht cl
the LLus are reccnliqured by delault, but
can be chanqed by the user. Jhe universal
vcltaqe ranqe ctc inuts (lrcm z tc
zsc vdc) are indeendent and may be
cwered (il necessary) lrcm the s v lield
vcltaqe available lrcm the relay. Jhe relay
cututs may be ccnliqured as latchinq cr
sell-reset.
4|| f1 connect|ons have |n-bo||t short|ng.
b|agnost|cs
Autcmatic tests erlcrmed includinq cwer
-cn diaqncstics and ccntinucus sell-
mcnitcrinq ensure a hiqh deqree cl
reliability. Jhe results cl the sell-test
luncticns are stcred in battery backed
memcry. Jest leatures available cn the user
interlace rcvide examinaticn cl inut
quantities, states cl the diqital inuts and
relay cututs. A lccal mcnitcr crt rcvides
diqital cututs, selected lrcm a rescribed
list cl siqnals, includinq the status cl
rctecticn elements. Jhese test siqnals can
alsc be viewed usinq the ccmmunicaticns
crts and lrcnt anel user interlace.
iA/sA dual rated CJs
lLC 6issc-s.z LL libre ctic inut lcr
ncn-ccnventicnal instrument
translcrmers, cr merqinq units
0ticnal redundant ethernet crts
(lLC 6issc-s-i): Pxx devices can be
enhanced with an cticnal redundant
ethernet bcard. Jhe redundancy is
manaqed by the market's lastest reccvery
time rctcccls: sell-healinq rctcccl and
dual hcminq rctcccl, allcwinq bumless
redundancy.
PSJP (raid sanninq tree) rctcccl is alsc
available.
Jhe redundant ethernet bcard sucrts
either mcdulated cr demcdulated lPl6-B
and the SNJP rctcccl lcr time
synchrcnisaticn. Jhe redundant ethernet
bcard alsc has a watchdcq relay ccntact tc
set alarms in case cl a lailure.