Marvin INTARAKUMTHORNCHAI

15/11/2012

09 Mathematics Extended

What are the Odds?

Introduction: The purpose of this task is to explore probabilities associated with rolling a pair of dice. Die 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Die 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2) Shaded in yellow is the probability that we would get a 4 from rolling a pair of dice. P (4) =3/36 (1/12) I have received this answer by shading all the 4s in the table. There are three 4s and there are 36 outcomes in total so the probability of getting a 4 by rolling a pair of dice would be 3/36. Die 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 2 1 2 3 Die 1 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 8 3a) shaded in yellow are the multiples of 4. P (4) = 9/36 (1/4)

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

I came up with this probability by finding the multiples of four and highlighting them. I have counted all of the outcomes that are multiples of 4 and I have received 9. There are 36 outcomes so the answer would be 9/36. Die 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 2 1 2 3 Die 1 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 8 3b) shaded in yellow are the multiples of 2.

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Marvin INTARAKUMTHORNCHAI

15/11/2012

09 Mathematics Extended

P (2) = 18/36 (1/2) I have received this answer by shading the multiples of 2 (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12). In total there are 18 outcomes for a multiple of two therefore the answer would be 18/36 or . Die 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 2 1 2 3 Die 1 2 3 4 3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7 6 7 8 3c) in yellow I have shaded the multiples of 3. P (3) = 12/36 (1/3)

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

I have received this answer by shading the multiples of 6 (3, 6, 9 and 12) and counted them. In total there are 12 outcomes which mean the probability would be 12/36 which simplifies into 1/3. Die 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

1 2 3 1 2 3 4 Die 1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 4 5 6 7 5 6 7 8 6 7 8 9 3d) for this table I have shaded the multiples of 6. P (6) = 6/36 (1/6)

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

6 7 8 9 10 11 12

I have received this answer by highlighting the multiples of 6 (6 and 12) and counting each of them within the table above. I have counted 6 outcomes so the answer would be 6/36 which simplifies into 1/6. 4. My conjecture would be 36 divided by n equals the number of the outcome. P (n) = 36 n. I have ended up this formula by dividing all of the numbers, 2, 3, 4, and 6 from the recent questions. I have ended up with the same probability proving that this formula works for those numbers. This formula may work for most numbers but it does not work with numbers that are not multiples of 36, for example 11. 36/11 = 3.2727 This means that this formula is able to work for numbers such as, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9. 5. Since the outcome is 36, not every number can be divisible by it so there would be many numbers that wont work with the formula. Though 12 is also a number divisible by 36, it

Marvin INTARAKUMTHORNCHAI

15/11/2012

09 Mathematics Extended

does not work for this formula because if we do 36 / 12 = 3. The probability of getting a 12 by rolling a pair of dice would be 1 but if I use my conjecture, the result would be 3. This proves that my formula only works for numbers divisible by 36 except 12. So the numbers that dont work for my conjecture would be 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12. Though 12 is an exception, the rest of the numbers arent divisible by 36 so my conjecture would not work for those numbers. 6.

Die 2 1 2 3 4 5 1 3 4 5 6 7 Die 1 2 5 6 7 8 9 3 7 8 9 10 11 4 9 10 11 12 13 5 11 12 13 14 15 6 13 14 15 16 17 Shaded in yellow are multiples of 6. P (6) = 6/36 (1/6). 36 / 6 = 6 Shaded in green are multiples of 4. P (4) = 9/36 (1/4) 36/4= 9 Shaded in red are multiples of 5. P (5) = 4/36 (1/9) Underlined numbers are multiples of 12. P(12) = 3/36 (1/2)

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

1 2 3 4 5 6

Die 3

For three dices, the outcomes are the same because if I use my same rule e.g. 36/n, n= 6 P (6) = 6/36. This means that the rule works for three dices also but in the three dices, the first dice and the last dice must be the same. Though the rule is normal, the only thing that changes is 12 because by having 12 as n, P (12) = 3/36 while for two dice, P (12) = 1/36. This means that 12 would work if it was used in my conjecture if three dice are thrown. Other than that, it has the same conditions for true and false that if the number is not a multiple of 36, the conjecture wont work.