Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Fluids Hydrostatics Basic new variables are density and pressure Learn a few densities to get a fell for relative heaviness of stuff. Know in MKS and cgs. What is specific gravity? Pressure: Units originally defined by an instrument: u-tube manometer
Chap14--Fluids
page 1
Is the pressure the same in all directions? Related question: What causes bouancy?
Life of Archimedes
Archimedes principle doesnt tell you why there is a buoyant force; it tells you how to figure out how big that force is.
Chap14--Fluids
page 2
Chap14--Fluids
page 3
Pascals principle: key points--fluid is incompressible, fluid is confined. Application: Hydraulic lift. Problem: lifting a car
Chap14--Fluids
page 4
Chap14--Fluids
page 5
Hydrodynamics Continuity Equation Why does a liquid speed up when it is forced through a small pipe?
Chap14--Fluids
page 6
Bernoulli Principle Where the velocity is high, the pressure is low Application: Bunsen Burner and gas range
Chimney
Airplane flight and shape of wing. Be sure to distinguish between momentum transfer (at low speeds) and dynamic lift (high speeds). Note there is controversy about the application of Bernoullis effect to these situations.
Chap14--Fluids
page 7
Viscosity: How does it vary with temperature. Viscous flow mean flow of a fluid that possesses viscosity. Since almost all fluids possess viscosity, viscous flow describes how things actually behave. I might be better characterized as the study of flow in which the effects of viscosity are taken into account.
Poiseilles Equation: This is the equation that is used for viscous flow because it contains the coefficient of viscosity. Note the profound effect of variation of r. Note that viscosity coefficient is in the denominator. Note how the equation can be used to model blood flow.
Chap14--Fluids
page 8
The Reynolds number informs us of when laminar flow turns turbulent. This strongly depends on the linear flow rate. Turbulence causes Korotkov sounds in measuring BP
Blood Pressure: We use 3 effects from the physics of fluids in measuring blood pressure: Pascals principle, the continuity equation and Poiseilles equation. Further, the expression for hydrostatic pressure as a function of depth informs us why we have to standardize on measuring BP at the level of the heart.
Chap14--Fluids
page 9