Concepts of Ethics, Morality, and Values - Ethical and Moral Concepts Preview Values : quality of a thing according to the

degree of words Ethics : study of moral ( moral judgement and responsibility) Morality : social instrument that guide us in our daily life to help us behave rationally in society Concepts Values : Kamus Dewan price appraisal, the price of something compared with the price of another, rank, quality, grade, standard, and high attribute ( in thoughts, religion, society, etc. ) Websters New World Dictionary that quality of a thing according to which it is thought of as being more or less desirable, useful, estimable, important and etc. Moral value and ethical value conveying the sense of good or correct as opposed to immoral and unethical. In the context of moral problem, moral consideration, moral code, moral debate, moral experience, moral awareness or moral opinion ethics is also used in the same manner. Ethics : The word ethics is derived from the Greek word ethos means custom or usage. According to V. Grassian (1981), ethics can be defined as a philosophical study of moral. For example, good behavior,

moral obligation, moral attitude, moral responsibility, social justice and good living qualities. W.K. Frankena (1973) ethics is a moral philosophy or philosophical thinking about morality, moral problems and moral judgement. Morality : Opposite to immorality. Refer to something that is different from arts, science, law, customs and religion. Definitions social instrument that guides individuals and groups in their daily lives. It requires individuals and groups to follow it. It helps the people to behave rationally as members of society. Socio-psychology and moral philosophy aspects morality is a set of objectives defined by culture and regulations. External element that is imposed on the individuals and cultivated until it becomes a habit. The objectives and regulations normally become internalized or interiorized. Factors that influence ethics Humans : Human beings are gifted with intelligence. Therefore, we have the ability to choose between good and bad. Instincts : The main instincts in humans are the instincts to eat, wed, love children, defend ones life and worship divinity. We can use these instincts at any time for good purposes (good ethics) and bad purposes (bad ethics). Therefore, we should control our instinctive urges with our minds and not just with emotions.

Customs and norms : These are values accepted by the majority of society. Therefore, they have strong influence in shaping ethics, whether good or bad. For example, gotongroyong activities can help us form good ethics, while gambling is unacceptable in society and is treated with contempt. Descendants : This is important factor in forming noble ethics or the lack of it. For example, children are likely to follow their parents behavior. Environment : The environment that influence ethics is divided into two ; Physical climate and geographical factors Spiritual the essence of the individual connected to religion or belief These two factors shape the conduct of a person. Values in Life Values in life from the moral aspect -values in life of an individual with morals are not differentiated quantitatively. For example, stealing RM5 or RM10 makes no difference morally as stealing is a value of moral, not the amount stolen. Hence, regardless of RM5 or RM10, stealing is still wrong and is against the law. Values in life intrinsically -the value of an item is dependent on the individuals, for example the value of being rich. It is the norm in our society today to consider a person with a lot of money as being rich, and poor if the opposite. However, if we view wealth from the point of personality, moral values and quality of life, then the person who is rich does not necessarily mean he or she has great amounts of money. From Islam views human are thought to be moderate, seeking and owning materials values by taking into

consideration moral values and rejecting unscrupulous material values. Conclusion values arising from ethics and moral are the basis in forming the attitudes, opinions, motivation, personality, progress and development of a nation and organization.