10/28/2012

Vierendeel girder and frame

Vierendeel girder and frame Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 1

= American Society of Civil Engineers

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

10/28/2012

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

Vierendeel bridge HBF Berlin: Vierendeel frame Vierendeel detail Vierendeel elevator shaft

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

Vierendeel girder and frame

Named after 19th century Belgian inventor, Vierendeel girders and frames are bending resistant
1 2 3 4 1-bay girder Gravity load Lateral load Articulated Inflection points 5 6 7 8 3-bay girder Gravity load Lateral load Articulated Inflection points 1 2 3 4 5 Base girder Global shear Global moment Bending Chord forces 6 7 8 9 10 Pin joints Strong web Strong chord Shear Chord shear One-way girders 1 Plain girder 2 Prismatic girder 3 Prismatic girder Space frames 4 2-way 5 3-way 6 3-D

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

10/28/2012

Salk Institute, La Jolla Architect: Louis Kahn Engineer: Komendant and Dubin

Viernedeel girders of 65 span, provide adaptable interstitial space for evolving research needs

Perspective section and photo, courtesy Salk Institute

Vierendeel girder and frame Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 7

Yale University Library Architect/Engineer: SOM 1 2 3 Vierendeel facade Vierendeel elements Cross section The library features five-story Vierndeel frames Four concrete corner columns support the frames Length direction span: 131 feet Width direction span: 80 feet Faades are assembled from prefab steel crosses welded together at inflection points The tapered crosses visualize inflection points

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

Commerzbank, Frankfurt Architect: Norman Foster Engineer: Ove Arup Floors between sky gardens are supported by eight-story high Vierendeel frames which also resist lateral load

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

10/28/2012

Commerzbank, Frankfurt Architect: Norman Foster Engineer: Ove Arup Vierendeel elevation / plan

Vierendeel / floor girder

Vierendeel / floor girder joint detail

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

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Hong Kong Shanghai Bank Architect: Norman Foster Engineer: Ove Arup Gravity / lateral load support: Hanger / belt truss Vierendeel towers

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

11

Vierendeel steel girder Assume: 10 tubing, allowable bending stress Fb = 0.6x46 ksi Girder depth d = 6, span 10 e = 10x10 DL= 18 psf LL = 12 psf = 30 psf

Fb= 27.6 ksi L = 100

Uniform load w = 30 psf x 20 / 1000 w = 0.6 klf Joint load P = 0.6 x 10 P= 6 k Max shear V = 9 P/2 = 9 x 6/2 V = 27 k CHORD BARS Vc = 13.5 k Shear (2 chords) Vc = V/2 = 27/2 Chord bending Mc = Vc e/2 = 13.5 x (10x12)/ 2 Mc = 810 k Moment of Inertia I = 147 in4 I = Mc c/Fb = 810 k x 5/27.6 ksi 2nd bay chord shear Vc = (VP)/2 = (27-6)/2 Vc = 10.5 k Mc = 630 k 2nd chord bending Mc = Vc e/2 = 10.5 x 120/2 WEB BAR (2nd web resists bending of 2 chords) Web bar bending Mw = Mc end bay + Mc 2nd bay Mw=1,440 k Mw = 810 + 630 Moment of Inertia I = 261 in4 I = Mw c/Fb = 1440 k x 5/27.6 ksi
Vierendeel girder and frame Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 12

10/28/2012

Chord bars Moment of Inertia required Use ST10x10x5/16

I= 147 in4 I= 183>147

Web bars Moment of Inertia required Use ST10x10x1/2

I= 261 in4 I= 271>261

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

13

Sport Center, University of California Davis Architect: Perkins & Will Engineer: Leon Riesemberg Given the residential neighborhood, a major objective was to minimize the building height by several means: The main level is 10 below grade Landscaped berms reduce the visual faade height Along the edge the roof is attached to bottom chords to articulates the faade and reduce bulk Assume Bar cross sections 16x16 tubing, 3/16 to 5/8 thick Frame depth d = 14 (max. allowed for transport) Module size: 21 x 21 x 14 ft Width/length: 252 x 315 ft Fb = 27.6 ksi Structural tubing Fb = 0.6 Fy = 0.6x46 ksi DL = 22 psf LL = 12 psf (60% of 20 psf for tributary area > 600 ft2) = 34 psf Note: two-way frame carries load per relative deflection ratio: r = 0.71 r = L14/(L14+L24) = 3154/(3154+2524) Uniform load per bay w = 0.71 x 34 psf x 21/1000 w = 0.5 klf
Vierendeel girder and frame Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 14

Design end chords Joint load P = w x 21 = 0.5klf x 21 Max. shear V = 11 P /2 = 11 x 10.5 / 2 Chord shear (2 chords) Vc = V/2 = 58 k / 2 Chord bending Mc = Vc e/2 = 29x 21x12/2 Moment of Inertia required I = Mc c /Fb = 3654 x 8/27.6 ksi Check mid-span compression Global moment M = w L2/8 = 0.5 x 2522/8 Compression (d=1416=12.67) C = M/d= 3969 k/ 12.67

P = 10.5 k V = 58 k Vc = 29 k Mc= 3654 k I = 1059 in4

M = 3969 k C = 313 k

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

15

10/28/2012

Chord bars Moment of Inertia required Use ST16x16x1/2 Check mid-span chord stress Compression Allowable compression Note: End-bay bending governs

I= 1059 in4 I =1200 > 1059

C = 313 k Pall = 728 k 313 <<728

Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

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Vierendeel girder and frame

Copyright Prof Schierle 2012

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