. INITIAL. A REVIEW OF MEDIEVAL STUDIES Initial.RMS@gmail.

com

EDITORIAL NORMS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

I General Requirements 1.1. Initial is a multidisciplinary review of medieval studies intended for publishing contributions from all academic fields pertaining to the area of Southeastern Europe and the Mediterranean in the Middle Ages. This includes not only papers discussing new theoretical approaches in medieval studies or interpreting so-called major issues, but also those focusing on narrower, more specialized fields of research. However, with regard to the character of the review authors should craft their material to appeal to a wider audience of medievalists, providing the necessary context to readers who may not be so well-versed in the particular subject. Editions and translations of medieval sources may also be submitted for publication, especially if they are an essential component of a wider study. 1.2. By the very act of submitting a paper for publication in the Initial, the author recognizes that the paper has not been previously or simultaneously submitted to another periodical or collection of papers. Contributions should be original academic works of the highest quality that have not been published before, including editions in other languages, on the internet or in altered form.

1.3. Initial publishes academic papers in Serbian (and other South Slavic languages), English, French, German, Italian, and Russian. Papers submitted in other languages may be considered for publication by decision of the Editor-in-Chief. 1.4. Authors whose papers include illustrations should ensure reproduction rights and provide proof of that to the Editorial Board. 1.5. Initial publishes studies that receive two positive reviews in the process of blind peer review: the authors identity is not known to the reviewers, and vice versa. The Editorial Board submits to the reviewers a version of the paper with the authors name removed from the title. In order to avoid self-disclosure, authors should keep the narrative in the third person and maintain a neutral tone of discussion. 1.6. Manuscripts are submitted in the form of computer files by email to the following address: Initial.RMS@gmail.com. 1.7. Reviewers reports are provided to the authors, who may then modify their papers with regard to the reviewers objections or recommendations. Authors who are not willing to accept the reviewers opinion should notify the Editorial Board in written form, stating the reasons for disagreement. After assessing the authors arguments, the Editorial Board shall either submit the paper to additional reviewers or decide not to publish it. 1.8. Papers that have been accepted for publication are subjected to proofreading. Versions with proofreading marks are then given to the authors for confirmation. Authors may input the corrections themselves or agree that the Initial technical staff do that for them. If the author disagrees with any proofreading interventions, this should be clearly pointed out. Authors will not receive any other preliminary version of their papers. 1.9. Initial is open for publication of academic critiques and reviews of all medievalist monographs, periodical publications, and individual articles, as well as editions of medieval sources. Keeping track of academic life through reports on various gatherings, meetings, lectures, and field research is also an important segment of this journals profile. Since the Initial is conceived as an intermediary between national and international medieval studies, it is recommended that works published in foreign languages should be presented in Serbian and vice versa. Naturally, the authors may submit reviews and reports in their own language the Editorial Board and Publishing Board reserve the right to provide a translation into Serbian if it is deemed in the interest of the national medievalist community.

II Text Edition 2.1. Manuscripts are submitted as Word documents, using Times New Roman font (size 12 pt), with 1.5 line spacing and footnotes (size 10 pt, single line spacing), an Abstract at the beginning and a Summary at the end. 2.2. Authors submit personal information (name and surname, institution of employment, its address, contact email), which is published on the first page of the article. Example: Marko Markovi, Balkanoloki institut SANU, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, Beograd, Srbija, marko.markovic@yahoo.com 2

2.3. Authors from Serbia (as well as others whose legislation on academic research contains such requirements) also submit the name and ID number of the research project/program within which the paper was created, as well as the name of the institution funding it. 2.4. The Abstract, given in Serbian, comes below the title and is limited to 1000 characters (with spaces). The author may submit the abstract in the same language as the paper itself, in which case the Editorial Board and the Publishing Board take the responsibility for providing a translation into Serbian. 2.5. The Summary, given in English, comes below the title and is limited to 3000 characters (with spaces). The author may submit the summary in the same language as the paper itself, in which case the Editorial Board and the Publishing Board take the responsibility for providing a translation into English. 2.6. Keywords, no more than ten, come below both the abstract and the summary, in their respective languages. 2.7. The main text, including references, should not exceed 60000 characters (with spaces). 2.8. The main text and references are given in the same language and script. 2.9. Pictures are submitted in electronic form, in the highest resolution practicable (preferably in color), using one of the usual file formats ( .tiff, .jpg, .png). Other supplements (tables, charts) are also submitted in separate files. The desired location of every supplement within the text should be clearly indicated. 2.10. It is recommended that Old Slavonic text be typed using the font Hram Studenica (codepage English, made available to authors by the Secretary), and Greek text using the font Times New Roman (codepage Greek).

III Typographic Conventions 3.1. Spaces are inserted: Following periods that are part of name initials e.g. M. MARKOVI; Between name and number of journals e.g. Byzantion 52; Between number and designation of units of measure e.g. 15 km, 20 kg; In footnotes, following its reference number e.g. 14 Text of footnote. 3.2. Footnote reference numbers come after quotation and punctuation marks. Examples: quote10 not quote10 this case,10 not this case10, 3.3. So-called German quotation marks should be used (Alt+0132) and (Alt+0147). There is no space after opening quotes or before closing quotes e.g. quote. For quotes within quotes the so-called single English quotation marks and ; e.g. the real expert for that job.

3.4. If a quote begins in mid-sentence, closing quotes come before punctuation marks. If, however, the sentence begins with quotes, closing quotes come after the punctuation mark at its end, since the punctuation mark is considered an integral part of the quoted text. 3.5. Square brackets [ ] are used instead of rounded ( ), when it is necessary to open a new set of brackets within an existing set of round brackets. 3.6. Numbers are written as: words, if smaller than 10 e.g. The diocese had four bishoprics; Arabic numerals, if 10 or larger e.g. There were more than 800 dwellings; Arabic numerals, if designating journal volumes or page numbers e.g. Journal 5 (2006) 3 9; Arabic numerals, even if the original journal volume is given in Roman numerals or if Roman numerals are contained in an original work title; Roman numerals with names of monarchs e.g. John II; Roman numerals and SMALL CAPS when quoting pagination that uses Roman numerals e.g. AUTHOR, Education in the 14th Century, XLLXVI. 3.7. Dates are given according to accepted usage in each individual language, e.g. June 15, 1389; le 15 juin 1389. 3.8. Modern measurements are given using the metric system. 3.9. The hyphen (-) is used exclusively to join compound expressions (e.g. Greco-Roman). The dash () is used in other cases, such as expressing range, relationships, etc (e.g. pages 1935, the monarch baron relationship). 3.10. Bold font style is exclusively used for the papers title and possible subtitles. 3.11. Italic font style is used for titles of monographs, journals, collections of papers, collective publications, and editions of sources.

IV Bibliographic References 4.1. Surnames of authors/editors, including editors of editions of sources, are given in SMALL CAPS, with the first letter (and the accompanying initial) in Normal caps e.g. P. PETROVI. 4.2. The title of a book referenced for the first time is written in italic in full, followed by the place and year of publication, without a comma between them). Pages referenced are given at the end without any accompanying abbreviation such as p. or pp. Examples: P. BROWN, The Cult of the Saints. Its Rise and Function in Latin Christianity, Chicago 1981, 102105. C. TYERMAN, Gods War. A New History of the Crusades, London 20072, 102104 (second edition). C. ERDMANN, The Origin of the Idea of Crusade (trans. M. W. BALDWIN W. GOFFART), Princeton 1977, 209234 (translated book). If there is more than one place of publication, only the first one is given. 4

Subsequent references use the abbreviated title e.g. P. BROWN, The Cult of the Saints, 124127; C. TYERMAN, Gods War, 207210, C. ERDMANN, The Origin, 308311. 4.3. References for monographs published as part of a series should include the name of the series (with accompanying number) since that information is sometimes crucial for locating the book. Example: A. BORST, Die Katharer, Schriften der Monumenta Germaniae Historica 12, Stuttgart 1953, 4873. 4.4. Journal articles are referenced for the first time in the following manner: authors name, full article title, full name of journal in italics, issue number in Arabic numerals, year of publication in round brackets, page range of whole article, quoted pages. Examples: J. BRUNDAGE, An Errant Crusader: Stephen of Blois, Traditio 16 (1960) 380395, p. 388. P. CHARANIS, Aims of the Medieval Crusades and How They Were Viewed by Byzantium, Church History 21/2 (1952) 123134, pp. 128129 (journal published in more than one issue per year). Subsequent references include authors name, abbreviated article title, and quoted pages without p. or pp. e.g. J. BRUNDAGE, An Errant Crusader, 383385; P. CHARANIS, Aims of the Medieval Crusades, 130132. 4.5. References for different journals with the same name, as well as those that are less known or difficult to come by include place of publication alongside the year. Examples: AUTHOR, Title, Herald of the South 17 (Hastings 2010) 180192, pp. 189191. AUTHOR, Title, Herald of the South 15 (Brighton 2006) 164183, p. 176. 4.6. Articles published in collections of papers are referenced for the first time in the following manner: authors name, full article title, full name of journal in italics, collection editor in SMALL CAPS, place and year of publication, page range of whole article, quoted pages. Subsequent references include authors name, abbreviateds article title and quoted pages. Examples: K. LEYSER, The Tenth Century in Byzantine-Western Relationships, Relationships between East and West in the Middle Ages, ed. D. BAKER, Edinburgh 1973, 2963, p. 41. K. LEYSER, The Tenth Century, 3739. 4.7. Chapters in collective publications are referenced for the first time in the following manner: name of publication in italics, book and volume numbers (no comma between name of publication and book/volume numbers) editors name in SMALL CAPS, place and year of publication, page range of whole chapter, quoted pages, authors name in round brackets (in SMALL CAPS). Example: The New Cambridge Medieval History 5, ed. D. ABULAFIA, Cambridge 1999, 164181, p. 167 (B. HAMILTON). Subsequent references include name of publication (abbreviated if possible), book and volume numbers, quoted pages, authors name in round brackets (in SMALL CAPS). 4.8. References for source editions may take one of the following forms:

Reference for medieval narrative sources e.g. DOMENTIJAN, itije svetoga Save, eds. LJ. JUHAS-GEORGIEVSKA T. JOVANOVI, Beograd 2001, 7880. Subsequent references contain only the name of the medieval author, title of his work and page number. Reference for medieval narrative sources published in a series e.g. ALCUIN, Vita Willibrordi, ed. W. LEVISON, MGH SS rerum Merovingicarum 7, Hannover 1920, 113141. Subsequent references same as above. Reference for medieval documents published in collections of documents e.g. Zbornik srednjovekovnih irilikih povelja i pisama Srbije, Bosne i Dubrovnika, I , eds. V. MOIN S. IRKOVI D. SINDIK, Beograd 2011, no 6, 6162. Subsequent references contain only the abbreviated name of the collection, document number and quoted pages. Reference for unpublished sources from archives/libraries when given for the first time should take the following form: name of institution, archival fund, series/subseries (where necessary), file number, leaf (preferably with marks r (recto) for front side and v (verso) or for back): Bibliothque nationale de France, Paris, Ms lat. 4117, fols 108v145r; Dravni arhiv u Dubrovniku, Acta Minoris Consilii, fasc. 19, fol. 256v; Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ms Vat. lat. 6055, fol. 151r. The marks r, v and immediately follow page numbers (without spaces). If back side is marked with , the front side is left unmarked. Subsequent references may leave out the name of the institution, unless the article makes use of similarly named series from different archives. In that case, institution names may be abbreviated. 4.9. Encyclopedia and lexicon articles are referenced thus: P. LEBEAU, Paul of Samosata, New Catholic Encyclopedia 11 (PauRed), Washington D.C. 20032, 34. N. ISAILOVI, Kujava, kraljica, Srpski biografski renik 5 (KvMao), Novi Sad 2011, 415416. 4.10. References for articles from electronic publications or the internet should contain the name of the author, article title, title of electronic publication with web address and date when it was consulted. Examples: P. MAGDALINO, The Byzantine Background to the First Crusade, a pamphlet of Canadian Institute of Balkan Studies (1996), http: // www. deremilitari. org / resources / articles/ magdalino. htm (cons. April 9, 2008). M. ANSANI, Edizione digitale di fonti diplomatiche: esperienze, modelli testuali, priorit, Reti Medievali Rivista 7/2 (2006), http://www.dssg.unifi.it/_RM/rivista/forum/Ansani.htm (cons. November 20, 2008).

V Abbreviations 5.1. In principle, names of periodicals are not to be abbreviated. However, if the author frequently cites articles from a periodical with a lengthy name, an abbreviation may be defined in the first footnote where that periodical is referenced. Abbreviations that have become commonplace for certain publications are preferred. 6

Examples: 10 A. FAILLER, Pachymeriana nova, Revue des tudes byzantines (= REB) 49 (1991) 171195, pp. 180184; C. M. BRAND, The Turkish Element in Byzantium (11th12th Centuries), Dumbarton
Oaks Papers (= DOP) 43 (1989) 125, p. 18.
14

. MALAMUT, Les reines de Milutin, Byzantinische Zeitschrift (= BZ) 93 (2000) 490507, p. 500. 5.2. The following abbreviations for series of source editions may be used without explanations: BHG, BHL and BHO (Bibliotheca hagiographica Graeca, Latina and Orientalis); CCCM and CCSL (Corpus Christianorum, continuatio mediaevalis and series Latina); CFHB (Corpus fontium historiae Byzantinae); CSHB (Corpus scriptorum historiae Byzantinae); MGH (Monumenta Germaniae historica) and its various subseries; MHH (Monumenta Hungariae historica); MHJSM (Monumenta historico-juridica Slavorum Meridionalium); MSHSM (Monumenta spectantia historiam Slavorum Meridionalium); PG, PL and PO (Patrologia Graeca, Latina and Orientalis); ( ). Names of other collections should be given in full when referenced for the first time. Both abbreviated and full variants are given in regular font style. 5.3. Authors may submit a list of abbreviations for more frequently cited works at the end of the article, bearing in mind that this list is counted in the 60000 character quota allowed per article. It is left to the authors to decide which references will be listed (e.g. those appearing four or more times). 5.4. For frequently referenced works, it is sufficient to define an abbreviation when first cited. Examples: 3 D. ANGELOV, Imperial Ideology and Political Thought in Byzantium, 12041330, Cambridge 2007, 3739 (= ANGELOV, Imperial Ideology). 6 J. W BARKER, Manuel II Palaeologus (13911425): A Study in Late Byzantine Statemanship, New Brunswick 1969, 5863 (= BARKER, Manuel II). 5.5. If deemed necessary, the reader may be directed to the first citation by adding (see footnote XY) to the abbreviated reference e.g. I. BURNS, The Catalan Company, 767 (see footnote 14), where footnote 14 reads: I. BURNS, The Catalan Company and the European Powers (1305 1311), Speculum 29/4 (1954) 751771, pp. 760763. This is especially recommended if the first and latter references are far apart. 5.6. Use of op. cit. should be avoided. Terms such as eadem, idem, are to be used when works by the same author are cited next to each other. Ibidem and such are to be used for successive references to one work within the same footnote or when referring to the work cited in the previous footnote on the condition that the previous footnote does not contain references to other works. 5.7. Critical apparatus may include the following Latin abbreviations: v. (see), cf. (confer), n. (note), ed/eds. (editor/s), sq. (and following), no (number, plural: nos), trans. (translation), etc. Authors should try to maintain uniform criteria for the use of these abbreviations throughout the article. 5.8. The following abbreviations are used for archival codes: ser. for series, fasc. for books or files, fol. for leaf (plural fols), r for front side, or v for back side, Ms for manuscript (plural Mss). 7

VI Varia 6.1. The author is responsible for providing correct references. Therefore, the critical apparatus should be checked before the manuscript is submitted. 6.2. Notes should be succinct and limited to providing support for statements in the main text. In book reviews they should be avoided. 6.3. Notes and references are intended to make it easier for the reader to follow the text. It is therefore better to be precise than concise when in doubt, it is better to provide more information than less. 6.4. One frequent mistake is leaving the comma after an italicized title in italics it should be in regular font style! 6.5. The meaning of cf. is confer, compare, and should not be used in cases when see or see also is the correct term. 6.6. Authors are kindly asked to take the above recommendations into consideration.