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Gas Laws and Gas Stoichiometry REVIEW (mass-volume)

Use Gas Laws to solve the following: 1) A 100 g sample of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 3.2 L at 40 oC and exerts a pressure of 2 atm. What is its molar mass?

2) A sample of oxygen gas occupies 25 L at 720 mm Hg and 30oC. What volume will it occupy under STP conditions?

3) If I have 5.6 liters of gas in a piston at a pressure of 1.5 atm and compress the gas until its volume is 4.8 L, what will the new pressure inside the piston be?

4) A balloon has a volume of 2 L at 25.0 oC. The balloon is heated to 508.0 oC. Calculate the new volume of the balloon.

5) If a container has a mixture of neon and argon gases exerting pressures of 0.75atm and 850 mm Hg respectively. What is the total pressure of the container?

6) Four cylinders contains a different gas, methane gas, argon gas, carbon dioxide gas and chlorine gas at STP. Each springs a leak exactly the same size as the others. Which tank will empty first?

Unit 5 Gases Review

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For problems 1 to 3, assume that the reactions are being performed at a pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 298 K. 1) Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide: CaCO3(s) CO2(g) + CaO(s) How many grams of calcium carbonate will I need to form 3.45 liters of carbon dioxide at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature?

2)

Ethylene burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapor: C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) How many liters of water can be formed if 1.25 liters of ethylene are consumed in this reaction at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature?

3)

When chlorine is added to acetylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is formed: 2 Cl2(g) + C2H2(g) C2H2Cl4(l) How many liters of chlorine will be needed to make 75.0 grams of C2H2Cl4 at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature?

Unit 5 Gases Review

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4)

H2O

H2

O2

Balance the equation above to answer the questions below. The reaction occurs at STP. a. How many liters of water are required to produce 100 L of hydrogen gas?

b. How many liters of oxygen are produced with the 100 L of hydrogen gas?

c. When 37.5 L of water react, how many liters of hydrogen are produced?

5)

N2

H2

NH3

Balance the equation above to answer the questions below. The reaction occurs at STP. d. How many liters of ammonia can be produced from 1.4 L of hydrogen?

e. How many grams of nitrogen are needed to react with 1.4 L of hydrogen?

6)

C3H8

O2

CO2

H2O

The reaction above occurs at 0.97 atm and 273 K. How many liters of carbon dioxide will be produced when 77.0 g of propane react with oxygen?

Answers: Gas Laws: 1) 401.52g/mole 2) 21.40L 3) 1.75 atm 4) 2.17 L 5) 1.87 atm 6) methane gas Gas stoichiometry: 1) 14.1 grams 2) 2.50L 3) 21.8 L 4a) 100L 4b) 50L 4c) 37.5L 5a) 0.93 L 5b) 0.583 g 6) 121.3L Unit 5 Gases Review

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Gas Stoichiometry REVIEW - KEY Use Gas Laws to solve the following: 1) A 100 g sample of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 3.2 L at 40 oC and exerts a pressure of 2 atm. What is its molar mass? 401.52 g/mole 2) A sample of oxygen gas occupies 25 L at 720 mm Hg and 30oC. What volume will it occupy under STP conditions? 21.40 L 3) If I have 5.6 liters of gas in a piston at a pressure of 1.5 atm and compress the gas until its volume is 4.8 L, what will the new pressure inside the piston be? 1.75 atm 4) A balloon has a volume of 2 L at 25.0 oC. The balloon is heated to 50.0 oC. Calculate the new volume of the balloon. 2.17 L 5) If a container has a mixture of neon and argon gases exerting pressures of 0.75atm and 850 mm Hg respectively. What is the total pressure of the container? 1.87 atm 6) Four cylinders contain a different gas, argon gas, carbon dioxide gas, methane gas and ammonia gas at STP. Each springs a leak exactly the same size as the others. Which tank will empty first? argon gas =40g/mole, carbon dioxide gas =44 g/mole, Methane gas =16 g/mole, ammonia gas =17 g/mole According to Grahams law of diffusion the lighter gas diffuses or effuses faster than heavier gas. Methan gas will empty first because the molar mass of methane is lowest compared to the molar masses of the other gases. For problems 1 to 3, assume that the reactions are being performed at a pressure of 1.0 atm and a temperature of 298 K. 1) Calcium carbonate decomposes at high temperatures to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide: CaCO3(s) CO2(g) + CaO(s) How many grams of calcium carbonate will I need to form 3.45 liters of carbon dioxide at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature? 14.1 grams 2) Ethylene burns in oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapor: C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) How many liters of water can be formed if 1.25 liters of ethylene are consumed in this reaction at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature? 2.50 liters When chlorine is added to acetylene, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is formed: 2 Cl2(g) + C2H2(g) C2H2Cl4(l) How many liters of chlorine will be needed to make 75.0 grams of C2H2Cl4 at 1 atm pressure and 298 k temperature? 21.8 L

3)

4)

2H2O 2H2 + O2 Balance the equation above to answer the questions below. The reaction occurs at STP. a. How many liters of water are required to produce 100 L of hydrogen gas? 100 L H2O b. How liters of oxygen are produced with the 100 L of hydrogen gas? 50 L O2 c. When 37.5 L of water react, how many liters of hydrogen are produced? 37.5 L H2 5) N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Balance the equation above to answer the questions below. The reaction occurs at STP. d. How many liters of ammonia can be produced from 1.4 L of hydrogen? 0.93 L NH3 e. How many grams of nitrogen are needed to react with 1.4 L of hydrogen? 0.583 g of N2 6) C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O The reaction above occurs at 0.97 atm and 273 K. How many liters of carbon dioxide will be produced when 77.0 g of propane react with oxygen? 121.3 L of CO2
Unit 5 Gases Review