1

Spectral Analyzer
Berrio Clavijo Carlos, Gamba Gomez Gustavo, Tamayo Correa Juan, Tellez Acua Ceidy (cmberrioc,ggamabag, jmtamayoc, catelleza)@libertadores.edu.co Los Libertadores University frequency in the x axis. The measurement of power is indicated in dBm, a logarithmic relative to the mill watt unit. Description and operation There are varieties of spectrum analyzers in the market, of greater or lesser complexity, but they all have certain features and controls basics that are described below. -Frequency. Allows you to set the window of frequencies to the on-screen visualize. Definer can be the initial and final frequency (STAR-STOP) or the center frequency with the SPAN width of the window. -Amplitude. Controls the amplitude of the input signal representation. Allows you to set the value of the reference, number of dBm by each division on the display as well as the attenuation on the input value. View/trace. Manages parameters of representation of the measure, including the storage of a particular measure to be able to be compared later. -Resolution/average filters. The Spectrum Analyzer captures the measure to move a filter of small bandwidth along the window of frequencies. Smaller the bandwidth of this filter is better is the resolution of the extent and time it takes to complete. -Marker/peak search. Controls the position and function of the markers. A marker or marker indicates the value of power of the graph at a particular frequency. The search for peak position a marker of how automatic the value with higher power within our window of representation. Use and measures Before you configure the spectrum analyzer we must have a clear idea of the characteristics of the signal to be measured, i.e. their power, bandwidth, center frequency, etc. Also, we will have to know that the signal parameters want to measure, so for example is next even greater frequency window if you want to measure their harmonic or a less if what you want to measure is phase noise. Once known the realize measure the window of frequencies is fixed, it can be determined in two different ways. The first of these is definer a center frequency and a window of frequencies around it, also known as SPAN. In this way would be equivalent definer a window with initial frequency 150

Abstract
This report is made in order to meet the performance and utility of a spectrum analyzer shows that the antennas are the units of measurement and how it can be implemented in the aeronautical telecommunications.

Keywords
telecommunications.

spectrum,

spectral

Analyzer,

I.INTRODUCTION
Spectral analysis has to do with vibrations and oscillations, which, in its purest form, are ripples without abrupt breaks that repeat periodically over time, maintaining the same amplitude and frequency of oscillation.

II.

SIMULATION OF MODULATION AMPLITUDE

The Spectrum Analyzer is a tool capable of representing the spectral components of a given signal. This representation in the frequency domain allows visualize parameters of the signal that hardly could be found working in the time domain with the help of an oscilloscope .oscilloscope.

Figure 1 spectral Analyzer It is especially useful to measure the frequency response of telecommunications equipment (amplifiers, couplers, filter, etc) and to check the spectrum radiolectrico in an area with the help of an antenna on the screen of the amplitude or power of signals equipment is represented in the shaft and and

2 MHz and final 250 MHz, which do so from a center frequency of 200 MHz and 100 MHz SPAN. Once set the display window is very likely to seam able to distinguish the signal to be measured. Only restrain adjust amplitude reference and resolution in dBm/div so that the signal is perfectly represented on screen. Playing with these values you can distinguish more precisely certain characteristics of the signal as curly, modulations, etc. Finally, and to obtain accurate insofar as the signal values, you may use the markers of the scanner. These markers can be used absolutely (delivered direct measurement of the graph). The use of one or other will depend on as always the realize measure.

III.

LABORATORY PROCEDURE
Figure 3 spectral Analyzer

In the practice of laboratory started to physically display the spectral Analyzer explain each one of its parts, their functions and the correct way of use and interpret the results that we see. We then proceeded to connect an antenna to Analyzer, this antenna serious which captain the frequency we would like to analyze in this case was established to analyzer the frequency of the oxygen channel capital and airport control tower radio stations the Dorado. Results obtained during practice were not expected due to the implemented antenna in it practices, already it was too small to receive the frequency of each radio station, still goes specify that certain moments node Name the direction in which the antenna is pointed is could persevere frequency transmission changes.

The dorado

Frequency band fm 88m 108m

Figure 4 spectral Analyzer

Caracol radio 8.10khz

Figure 2 spectral Analyzer

90.9 mega

Figure 5 spectral Analyzer

175.5 MHz FREQUENCY TV

Figure 6 spectral Analyzer

IV.

CONCLUSIONS

With this work gave us to understand because we can observe the spectrum analyzer frequency variations in the moments in which a message is transmitted compared to times when there is silence or changes depending on whether a low or high is that this transmission is in this case in the radio frequency established.

REFERENCES

[1] T. Kornel, Handbook of modern telecommunications. 2da ed. Ed. Press Taylor & Francis Group. . [2] J. G. Proakis . Fundamental of communication systems1 ed. Ed. NJ Pearson & Prentice Hall 2005 [3] M. Schwartz Redes de Telecomunicaciones. 1ed. Ed. Adison-Wesley Iberoamericana. [4] P. H. Hwei Theory and problems of analog and digital communication 2 ed. Ed Mc Graw Hill 2003. [5] Figure 1. Spectral Analyzer