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with permission of the Academy of Change
The authors have asserted their right under the
Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988,
to be identified as the Authors of this work.
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data.
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(1) Sarin (2001), BodyHammer, Tactics and Self Defense for the Modern
Protester, v1.1, http://www.devo.com/sarin/bodyhammer.html, accessed
March 6, 2007.
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● Gene Sharp, The Politics of non-violent action. Boston:
Porter sargent, 1973. Three volumes.
● Leonid Tarassuk and Claude Blair, The complete
encyclopedia of arms & weapons, Simon and Schuster,
1982
● Richard A. Gabriel, Karen S. MetzFrom Sumer to Rome:
The Military Capabilities of Ancient Armies, Greenwood
Press Publication 1991
● Sarin (2001), BodyHammer, Tactics and Self Defense for
the Modern Protester, v1.1, http://www.devo.com/sarin/
bodyhammer.html, accessed March 6,2007
● http://www.florilegium.org/files/COMBAT/W-T-
Shields/W-T-Shields-art.html
● http://urgencemanif.meagerman.net

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