POWER FACTOR TEST ON BUSHING AND WINDINGS

Measure and record the ambient temperature and humidity. It is a common practice to perform power factor test on the bushing and the solid winding together. Connect the ground lead of the test set to a station ground. Donot disconnect the ground connection to tank and core of the transformer.Check if the tank and core are grounded. Use safety grounding devices to discharge any trapped before connecting/disconnecting any test or other connections. Disconnect all high voltage,low voltage and neutral connections of the transformer. Disconnect all lightning arresters,fan systems, meters and any other low voltage control systems connected to the transformer. Transformer equipped with load tap changers should be set some position of neutral and this position should be noted. Jumper together all high voltage bushings including the neutral to make them into an equivalent high voltage bushing. Neutrals must be ungrounded.Check that the jumpers are not in contact with any metal or grounded parts. Jumper together all low voltage bushing including then neutral to make them into an equivalent low voltage bushing. Neutral must be ungrounded. Check that the jumpers are not in contact with any metat or grounded parts.

 Connect the test leads, first to the test set and then to the transformer .Ensure the test set is properly grounded. In a three phase two winding transformer , the transformer winding insulation system is comprised of a three insultion system as shown in Fig.3 where;

CH CL CHL
H1

= = =

Insulation resistance between Hv winding and ground Insulation resistance between

Lv winding and ground

Insulation resistance between Hv winding and Lv winding H2 X1 X2

CHL

CH

CL

FIG-3

 Four power factor test are made as shown in the table below. The result of test 1 minus test 2, minus test 4 are calculated to validate that the power factor test have been made correctly.

Test no 1 2 3 4

Winding Energized/HV lead HV HV LV LV

Winding Grounded/Lv leads LV HV -

Winding Guarded/G lead LV HV

Insulation measured

CH plus CHL CH CL plus CHL CL

Table-1 Calculated results of the table Test 1. minus test 2 1. 2. 3. Subtract charging current of test 2 from test 1 Subtract watt loss of test 2 from test 1 Then calculated (CL+CHL) - CH=CHL

Test 3 minus test 4 1. 2. 3. Subtract charging current of test 4 from test 3 Subtract watt loss of test 4 from test 3 Then calculated (CL+CHL) - CL=CHL

The calculated value of CHL should be essentially the same.

Testing connections are to be made as shown in Fig . 4 (for three- phase two winding transformer) and as given in Table 1. Test 1 : Grounded specimen test GST

Test 2 : Grounded specimen test with guard connection GST G Test 3: Grounded specimen test GST. Test 4: Grounded specimen test with guard connection GST-G

G HV LV

Transforme r

DALTA 2000 TEST- 1

G HV LV

Transforme r

DALTA 2000 Test -3

TEST-2

G HV LV

Transforme r LV SIDE

HV SIDE DALTA 2000

G HV LV

Transforme r LV SIDE

HV SIDE DALTA 2000

TEST-4