Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Frank Shallenberger’s
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Clearly, doctors should check all hor- • DHEA
mone levels before prescribing. But when • testosterone
signs and symptoms of deficiency are pres- • TSH
ent, they should not withhold treatment • free T3
simply because the laboratory test falls • free T4
within the normal range. • insulin
• cortisol
Check Them All • somatomedin-c
When most people think of “hor- Different Hormones —
mones,” they automatically think of the sex Different Tests
hormones estrogen, progesterone, and
testosterone. But other hormones can Most people and doctors alike think
become deficient and need to be replaced that the best way to test hormone levels is
besides the sex hormones. These include by using a fasting blood specimen. This test
thyroid hormones, adrenal hormones, and works for thyroid hormones, insulin, and
growth hormone. somatomedin-c. The blood levels of these
Hormones do not function in a vacu- hormones on a fasting specimen are steady.
um. They are interdependent and synergis- They don’t change from minute to minute.
tic. That means they need each other to But this is not true of the other hormones.
work effectively, and they work together. The blood levels of the sex hormones
This means that any hormone, even though (estradiol, estriol, estrone, progesterone, and
it’s present in its optimal amount, won’t testosterone) and the adrenal hormones
function completely unless all of the other (cortisol and DHEA) do change from minute
hormones are also present in their optimal to minute. There’s only one way to get
amounts. around this with blood tests. Your doctor has
So for the best possible results, you to draw three different blood specimens 15-
have to replace all the deficient hormones. If 20 minutes apart. And then he has to mix
you take only one hormone and others are the specimens together. At that point, the
deficient, then you can cause problems. For lab can analyze the mixed specimen to get
example, if you have hot flashes and take an accurate picture of your hormone levels.
only estrogen to treat it, then it will take a The only problem is I have never heard
much larger dose to be effective. This can of one doctor ever doing the test this way.
create an imbalance, and greatly increase And no wonder. He would have to charge
the chance of side effects. the patient for three draws instead of one.
When I treat hot flashes, I typically And the patient would need to spend up to
prescribe a dose of estrogen that’s about an hour in the lab to get the specimens.
one-eighth of the dose that most doctors So instead of doing it by the book, doc-
use. I can get the same protective effects tors keep on ordering blood tests that are
that estrogen offers with a much smaller inaccurate.
dose because I prescribe it along with every But there’s a really great way to get
other hormone that’s needed. around all of that. All your doctor has to do
So when you have your hormones is analyze the hormone levels in a sample of
checked, be sure to check them all. Here’s a saliva. While this may sound a little unusu-
list of hormones your doctor should test for: al, salivary testing has many advantages
over the now obsolete blood testing.
• estradiol
First, blood consists almost entirely of
• estriol (women only) non-bioavailable hormones. These are hor-
• estrone (women only)
• progesterone mones that are bound up by binding pro-
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Clinical
Why Arthritis Is a Disease of replacement therapy slows down and even stops
Aging — And How to Stop It the long-term progression of osteoarthritis. This
is particularly true in the knees and ankles.
Have you ever noticed that arthritis hits Still other studies show that women who
most people after they reach age 50? There’s a take estrogen replacement therapy consistently
simple reason for this. And, believe it or not, it’s have a lower rate of osteoarthritis than women
fairly easy to treat. not taking estrogen. I’ve seen this in my own
You just read that hormone deficiencies practice.
can cause a host of problems as you age. And In fact, when a woman walks into my
osteoarthritis is one of these problems. Did you office with osteoarthritis, the first thing I want
know that the incidence of osteoarthritis in to know is if her body has an adequate amount
women dramatically increases over that of men
of hormones. And I explain that if she wants to
once women reach menopause? That’s because
heal the damage that has already occurred, as
sex-hormone levels drop rapidly and significant-
well as prevent any more damage, hormonal
ly during menopause. Although the levels of
sex hormones decrease in men, they do so at a replacement therapy is essential.
much slower rate than they do in women. Of course, I’m not talking about replacing
Research has shown that both estrogen their deficient levels with synthetic drugs, such
and testosterone have receptors in cartilage. as Premarin or Provera. Studies have clearly
This means that these hormones will react with shown that these therapies are associated with
cartilage cells and cause metabolic effects. an increased risk of heart disease, cancer,
strokes, Alzheimer’s, and osteoporosis.
In particular, researchers have identified
two estrogen receptors in normal and No, I am talking about replacing their defi-
osteoarthritic cartilage. This indicates that cient hormones with bio-identical hormones.
cartilage can respond to estrogens. Researchers have never shown natural hor-
And, a recently published study in Joint, mone replacement to have any of the risks iden-
Bone, and Spine confirmed this. The authors tified with synthetic treatment.
state that hormone replacement therapy for
menopause can decrease the symptoms of Men Are at Risk Too
osteoarthritis. It can also reduce the damage Earlier, I mentioned another important
to the hip and knee. hormone to prevent osteoarthritis. Testosterone
Other studies suggest that estrogen deficiency is also a major cause of arthritis, par-
teins, such as sex hormone binding globulin have less than perfect veins, saliva testing is
(SHBG), cortisol binding globulin (CBG), much less stressful.
and albumin. Measuring these bound And steroid hormones are exceptionally
up hormones gives a very inaccurate idea stable in saliva. Much more so than with
of what is effectively going on at the tissue blood specimens. This means that the levels
levels. of the hormones in saliva are much less like-
Saliva on the other hand contains only ly to change while they sit in the test tube
bio-available, unbound hormones. So analyz- than the levels of hormones in blood.
ing the hormone content of a saliva speci- And saliva hormone tests are much less
men gives a far more accurate result. expensive. Because of the specimen stability,
Another advantage to saliva testing is your doctor can send saliva specimens to the
the ease and simplicity of collecting the laboratory by inexpensive couriers.
specimen. No need to go to the lab. No need Blood, on the other hand, requires
for blood draws. And for those of you who
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l Pearls
ticularly in men. Very few men make it to their high? It’s quite simple. While estrogen and
60s without developing a deficiency of this hor- testosterone deficiency always requires pills,
mone. Men with diabetes develop the problem shots, or creams, you can often increase your
at an even younger age. IGF-1 levels with exercise and diet.
When we correct testosterone deficiency, Appropriate exercise for even only 30 min-
you can bet that within several months their utes, can often immediately double your growth
symptoms improve significantly. I’ve seen this in hormone levels. And the higher level of growth
my practice. And many scientific studies prove hormone will stimulate your liver to produce
that men lose on average about 3% of their joint more IGF-1.
cartilage each year because of falling testos- To form a dietary perspective, you will
terone levels. need to keep a lid on how many carbohydrates
you eat. The more carbohydrates you eat, the
The Most Important Hormone higher your insulin levels will be, and the lower
for Arthritis your IGF-1 levels will be. This is because insulin
blocks the ability of growth hormone to stimu-
Finally, I should mention what may be the late the production of IGF-1 in your liver. This is
single most important hormone of all regarding yet another reason to keep those carbohydrates
osteoarthritis. It has the hard-to-remember out of your diet and focus more on high protein
name of IGF-1, which stands for insulin growth foods, such as nuts, seeds, meats, eggs, and dairy.
factor-1. And if that’s not hard enough to Cicuttini FM, Wluka A, Bailey M, O’Sullivan R, Poon C, Yeung S,
remember, try this — it also goes by the name of Ebeling PR. Factors affecting knee cartilage volume in healthy
somatomedin-c. No matter which name you men. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003 Feb;42(2):258-62.
choose to use, this hormone is made in the liver Denko CW, Boja B, Moskowitz RW. Growth promoting peptides
in response to another hormone called growth in osteoarthritis: insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, growth
hormone. hormone. J Rheumatol. 1990 Sep;17(9):1217-21.
Researchers have shown that cartilage Reginster JY, Kvasz A, Bruyere O, Henrotin Y. Is there any
rationale for prescribing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to
repair is absolutely contingent on there being prevent or to treat osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2003
enough IGF-1 around. Not surprisingly, other Feb;11(2):87-91.
researchers have demonstrated that the lower Richette P, Corvol M, Bardin T. Estrogens, cartilage, and
your blood levels of IGF-1, the more likely you osteoarthritis. Joint Bone Spine. 2003 Aug;70(4):257-62.
are to have osteoarthritis. Tsai CL, Liu TK. Osteoarthritis in women: its relationship to
So how can you keep your IGF-1 levels estrogen and current trends. Life Sci. 1992;50(23):1737-44.
qualified personnel (phlebotomist), special One final note: If your doctor is hesi-
procedures (needles and serum collection tant to use the saliva test, show him this
tubes) and equipment (centrifuge and lab article and have him read an excellent
space to house it), specialized shipping ves- review article on salivary testing. David
sels (ice pack), and express delivery Zava published the article in the January
(overnight). A typical complete saliva hor- 2004 edition of the Townsend Letter for
mone panel costs $180. The same panel Doctors and Patients. It contains some of
done on blood would cost between $500-600. the technicalities that will appeal to your
Remember, if you’re over 50, there’s a doctor. He can find it at:
good chance you need hormone replacement http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0ISW/i
therapy (not drug therapy). So it’s impor- s_246/ai_112728019. Q
tant you see a doctor soon. If you can’t find REF: Bernard, H, editor. “Clinical diagnosis and management
by laboratory measurements.” Seventeenth edition (1984), W. B.
a doctor who will test and treat you for hor- Saunders. West Washington Square, Philadelphia, PA 19105.
mone deficiency, you can find one at
www.acam.org.
—5—
Why Your Doctor Can’t Find the Cause
(and Cure) of Your Fluid Retention
Do your feet and legs begin to swell roidism) — Hypothyroidism is extremely
after you’ve been standing for long periods common. I often diagnose it in young per-
of time? Do your socks leave a depression in sons. And I find it in over 80% of all patients
your legs where the elastic top compresses over the age of 50. Most doctors will miss
the tissue? If so, you have a classical case of the diagnosis, however, because their med-
edema. Edema is simply fluid retention. ical school taught them that hypothyroidism
Edema is an important indicator of a can’t be present unless a blood test called
significant imbalance in the body. And, as “TSH” is abnormal. This is very unfortu-
such, you need to discover the cause and nate because several studies published in
properly treated it. medical journals have pointed out that the
TSH test can be normal in patients with
When you first consult your doctor obvious hypothyroidism. And edema is cer-
about edema, the two primary causes that tainly a very common symptom of hypothy-
he’s been trained to discover are heart fail- roidism. Hypothyroidism will often respond
ure and kidney disease. If the edema is just to iodine supplements, which you can buy at
in your legs, you can rule out kidney dis- many health food stores and on the
ease. The edema caused by kidney disorders Internet. My favorite brand is Iodoral.
is typically present not only in the legs but
also in the face and arms and hands. A protein-deficient diet — If edema
exists in a patient that’s a vegetarian, I
Your doctor can quickly determine if always first think of this as being the cause.
the cause is heart failure. He just has to do The best way to determine this is to get a
a clinical examination, and perhaps a chest blood test called a serum albumin. In
X-ray. healthy patients, the serum albumin is over
The problem is that about 90% of the 4 grams/dl. If the value is lower than this,
time, the cause of edema, even severe the odds are pretty good that either the
edema, is not one of these conditions. Once patient is not eating enough protein, or they
he rules out these two causes, all too often have a digestive disorder that interferes
doctors will just stop looking for the real with the proper digestion and assimilation
cause. Instead, they might prescribe a of protein. Correct the disorder and the
diuretic drug to “pull the water off.” This edema will go away.
approach however introduces a drug into Excessive use of salt — This is prob-
the system while at the same time failing to ably the most common cause of fluid reten-
determine what the actual cause of the dis- tion. Even if you don’t add extra salt to your
order is. food, many foods, especially processed and
So, if you have edema, but don’t have restaurant foods, are high in sodium. If you
kidney disease or heart failure, it’s time to suspect this to be the cause, then simply go
find the real cause. Here are some of the on a very low sodium diet for three weeks,
most common causes and what you can do and take some additional magnesium sup-
about them. plementation (500 mg). The edema will go
Obesity — Frequently the develop- away if excessive salt is the cause.
ment of edema is simply secondary to exces- Excess estrogen (in women) —
sive weight. Lose the weight and the edema During hormone replacement therapy,
goes away. This is particularly true if hot edema can occur either as a result of the
weather aggravates the edema. excessive use of estrogen or an insufficient
Low thyroid function (hypothy- dose of progesterone. Keep in mind that the
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drug Provera, which doctors commonly use both of these conditions is to use over-the-
as a substitute for progesterone, is a very counter progesterone cream. The problem
poor substitute. In fact, it often causes fluid will typically disappear after one to two
retention. The other cause, one that’s com- months of therapy.
mon in menstruating women, is when the If your doctor rules out kidney disease
body doesn’t produce enough progesterone. and heart failure, don’t let him put you on a
In these cases, the woman will often notice diuretic. First, look for one of these causes.
the edema in the two weeks before she has Then fix the cause and your edema will go
her menstrual period. The treatment for away. It really is that simple. Q
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Q. I’m a 48-year-old male in good something was wrong. But today, we know
that low vitamin D levels are very common
health. My doctor suggested I get a
whole body CT scan to make sure — even in people who spend a lot of time in
there aren’t any cancers or artery the sun. In fact, unless you’re taking a vita-
blockages. Is this a good idea? — Marty min D supplement, the chances are good
M., St. Louis, MO that your levels are going to be unacceptably
low. The consensus is that for optimal
Dear Marty, health, vitamin D levels should be greater
than 80 ng/ml.
This is a bad idea. I think all you are
asking for is trouble. There are three prob- I began to routinely examine the vita-
lems with this approach. min D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels of every
one of my patients over the age of 30. What
First, whole body scans frequently miss
I found was astounding. Not one of them
what they are supposed to find. In fact,
had blood levels anywhere close to 80 ng/ml.
before you get the scan you will be required
In fact, 30% of them had levels below the
to sign an informed consent form that says
deficiency mark of 30 ng/ml. And it has been
exactly that.
rare to find anyone with a level over 40
Second, more often than not, the report ng/ml.
will come back inconclusive in one or more
For most people, the only way you can
ways. This problem is then “solved” by
reach a level greater than 80 ng/ml is by
ordering even more studies, including more
taking vitamin D capsules. The starting
X-rays, and maybe even biopsies that all too
dose is 5,000 units of vitamin D3. Advanced
often come back normal anyway. But along
Bionutritionals has an excellent product
the way, you’re subjected to significant, but
(call 800-728-2288). I am so impressed with
unnecessary radiation, pain, and risk.
how poorly sunlight is able to increase vita-
Third, they use levels of radiation in min D levels that I no longer check vitamin
these studies that are high enough to D levels in my patients unless they are
increase your risk of developing cancer. As already taking vitamin D. What’s the point?
you might already know, ionizing radiation, I know they’re going to be low. And I can
the kind that is used in CT scans, causes save them the expense of an unnecessary
cancer. The Environmental Protection test.
Agency (EPA) agrees. It says that in people REFS: Binkley, N., et al. “Vitamin D Level May Be Low Despite
under the age of 50, the radiation risk from Adequate Sun Exposure,” J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
whole body CT scans exceeds the potential 2007;92:2130-2135.
benefit. In fact, the EPA insists that “the
procedure is inappropriate for general diag-
nosis of healthy individuals.”
REF: www.epa.nsw.gov.au/radiation/ctbodyscans.htm.
Got a Question?
Q. My doctor recently surprised me. Do you have a question for Dr.
He said my vitamin D levels are low. It Shallenberger? If so, please send it (typed
was a surprise because I spend a lot of only) to him c/o Soundview Publications,
time outdoors in the sun. Is there P.O. Box 8051, Norcross, GA 30091-8051 or
something wrong with me? — Dorothy feedback@RealCuresLetter.com. While he
H., Orlando, FL won’t be able to respond personally, he’ll try
to answer as many questions as he can in
Dear Dorothy, these pages.
Years ago, we might have assumed
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