DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUGS
GENERIC NAME (Chlorampenicol)

ACTIONS
a bacteriostatic drug that stops bacterial growth by inhibiting

CONTRAINDICATION
Chloramphenicol is contraindicated if another drug can be used instead due to its potential to cause bone marrow depression.

INDICATION
To treat serious infections due to organisms resistant to other less toxic antibiotics, or when its penetration into the site

SIDE EFFECTS
This medication may cause stomach upset, diarrhea ,headache nausea, and vomiting which should disappear in a few days as your body adjusts to the medication. If these symptoms persist or become severe, inform your doctor. Notify your doctor immediately if you experience: fever, fatigue, sore throat, unusual bleeding or bruising, abdominal pain bloating, vision changes or eye pain, tingling of the hands or feet.

BRAND NAME (Chloromycetin Sodium Sumlinate)

protein synthesis. Chloramphenicol prevents protein chain elongation by

Not recommended for use with Tylan, azithromycin or erythromycin, as they may be antagonistic with chloramphenicol. Acetaminophen will elevate chloramphenicol levels. Chloramphenicol has the potential to antagonize bactericidal activity of the penicillins and aminoglycosides.

of infection is clinically superior to other antibiotics. Those bacteria sensitive to this drug include clostridium, chlamydia, mycoplasma, and salmonella.

CLASSIFICATION: ( antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections)

inhibiting the peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome.

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Rifampin may decrease serum chloramphenicol levels.

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DRUG STUDY NAME OF DRUGS

GENERIC NAME (Ranitidine) BRAND NAME (Zantac) CLASSIFICATION: (Anti-ulcer agents)

ACTIONS
Inhibits the action of histamine at the H2 receptor site located primarily in gastric parietal cells, resulting in inhibition of gastric acid secretion. In addition, ranitidine bismuth citrate has some antibacterial action against H. pylori.

CONTRAINDICATION Hypersensitivity, Crosssensitivity may occur; some oral liquids contain alcohol and should be avoided in patients with known intolerance.

INDICATION
Treatment and prevention of heartburn, CNS:

SIDE EFFECTS

Confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, CV: Arrhythmias GI: Altered taste, black tongue, constipation, dark stools, diarrhea, drug-induced hepatitis, nausea GU: Decreased sperm count, impotence ENDO: Gynecomastia HEMAT: Agranulocytosis, Aplastic Anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia

acid indigestion, and sour hallucinations, headache stomach.

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DRUG STUDY NAME OF DRUGS

GENERIC NAME: (Manitol) BRAND NAME: (Osmirol) CLASSIFICATION: (Osmotic diuretic) ACTIONS Increases osmotic pressure of plasma in glomerular filtrate, inhibiting tubular reabsorption of water andelectrolytes (including sodium and potassium). These actions enhance water flow from various tissuesand ultimately decrease intracranial and intraocular pressures CONTRAINDICATION Active intracranial bleeding (except during craniotomy),

INDICATION
Test dose for marked oliguria or suspected

SIDE EFFECTS
CNS: dizziness, headache, seizures CV: chest pain, hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia, thrombophlebitis, heart failure, vascularoverload EENT: blurred vision, rhinitisGI: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dry mouthGU: polyuria, urinary retention, osmotic nephrosisMetabolic: dehydration, water intoxication, hypernatremia, hyponatremia, hypovolemia, hypokalemia,hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis.

anuria secondary to severe renal inadequate renal disease,progressive heart failure, pulmonary congestion, renal damage, or renal dysfunction after mannitoltherapy begins, severe pulmonary congestion or pulmonary edema, and severe dehydration. function, prevent acute renal failure duringcardiovascular and other surgeries, acute renal failure, to reduce intracranial pressure and brain mass,reduce intraocular pressure, to promote dieresis in drug toxicity, irrigation during transurethralresection of prostate

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DRUG STUDY NAME OF DRUGS

GENERIC NAME: (Dexamethasone)

ACTIONS
Is a synthetic glucocorticoid which decreases

CONTRAINDICATION

INDICATION
Hypercalcemia associated with cancer Short-term management of various inflammatory and allergic disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, collagen diseases (SLE), dermatologic diseases (pemphigus), status asthmaticus, and autoimmune disorders Hematologic disorders: Thrombocytopenic

SIDE EFFECTS
Hypersensitivity; active untreated infections; ophthalmic use in viral, fungal disease of the eye.

Existing gastrointestinal ulceration Cushing's syndrome Severe forms of heart insufficiency

BRANDNAME: (Dexasone)

inflammation by inhibiting the migration of

Severe hypertension Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus

CLASSIFICATION: (Corticosteroid, Glucocorticoid, Hormone )

leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability. It suppresses normal immune response

Systemic tuberculosis Severe systemic viral, bacterial, and fungal infections

Pre-existing wide angle glaucoma

Osteoporosis

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DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUG
Penicillin G Procaine CLASSIFICATION: (Antibiotic)

ACTION
is bound to serum protein. The drug is distributed throughout the body tissues in widely varying amounts. Highest levels are found in the kidneys with lesser amounts in the liver, skin, and intestines. Penicillin G penetrates into all other tissues to a lesser degree with a very small level found in the cerebrospinal

CONTRAINDICATION
A previous hypersensitivity reaction to any penicillin is a contraindication.

INDICATION
is indicated in the treatment of moderately severe infections in both adults and pediatric patients due to penicillin-Gsusceptible microorganisms that are susceptible to the low and persistent serum levels common to this particular dosage form in the indications listed below. Therapy should be guided by bacteriological

SIDE EFFECT
is a substance of low toxicity but does possess a significant index of sensitization. The following hypersensitivity reactions associated with use of penicillin have been reported: Skin rashes, ranging from maculopapular eruptions to exfoliative dermatitis; urticaria; serum-sicknesslike reactions, including chills, fever, edema, arthralgia, and prostration.

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DRUG STUDY
fluid. With normal kidney function, the drug is excreted rapidly by tubular excretion. In neonates and young infants and in individuals with impaired kidney functions, excretion is considerably delayed. studies (including susceptibility tests) and by clinical response.

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DRUG STUDY NAME OF DRUG ACTION CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECT

GENERIC NAME: (Paracetamol) BRAND NAME: (Paracetamol) CLASSIFICATION (Analgesic and antipyretic drug)

Paracetamol reduces the synthesis of prostaglandins which are responsible for the mediation of pain and fever.

Paracetamol is contraindicated Paracetamol has in hypersensitivity, analgesic nephropathy, renal and hepatic impairment. analgesic and antipyretic action with weak antiinflammatory action. It is commonly used in fever and in mild to moderate pain.

A rash hypotension (low blood pressure) when given in hospital by infusion (a continuous drip of medicine into a vein in your arm)

liver and kidney damage, when taken at higher-thanrecommended doses (overdose)

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DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUG
GENERIC NAME: (Diazepam)

ACTION
Depress the CNS, probably by potentiating GABA, an inhibitory

CONTRAINDICATION
- Hypersensitivity - Cross-sensitivity with other benzodiazepines may occurs - Comatose patients - Pre-existing CNS depression

INDICATION
Adjunct in the management of: 1) Anxiety 2) Preoperative sedation 3) Conscious sedation - Provides light anesthesia and anterograde amnesia - Treatment of status

SIDE EFFECT
- CNS: 1) dizziness 2) drowsiness 3) lethargy 4) hangover 5) headache 6) depression - EENT: 1) blurred vision

BRAND NAME: (Valium)

neurotransmitter. - Produces

skeletal muscle relaxation - Uncontrolled severe painUse CLASSIFICATION: Antianxiety agents, anticonvulsants, sedative/hyptonics, by inhibiting spinal polysynaptic afferent pathways. - Has anticonvul-sant cautiously in: 1) Hepatic dysfunction 2) Severe renal impairment 3) History of suicide attempt or drug dependence

epilepticus/ uncontrolled - RESP: seizures Skeletal muscle relaxant - Management of the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal 1) respiratory depression - CV: 1) hypotension - GI: 1) constipation 2) diarrhea 3) nausea 4) vomiting - DERM:

skeletal muscle relaxants properties due to (centrally acting) enhanced presynaptic inhibi-tion.Therapeutic effects: (1) Relief of Anxiety (2) Sedation (3) Amnesia (4) Skeletal muscle relaxant (5) Decreased seizure

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activity 1) rashes - LOCAL: 1) pain (IM) 2) phlebitis (IV) 3) venous thrombosis - MISC: 1) physical & psychological depen-dence 2)tolerance

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