Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

Topic No
1 2 3 4 5 6

Title
About ASME B.31.8 Scope of the Report Hydro test Provisions in ASME B.31.8 Study of Hydro Test Conclusion Bibliography

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 1.ABOUT ASME B.31.8 ASME is the acronym for American Society for Mechanical Engineers. Which includes the standards and recommendation for turbine, boilers and pipeline of Gas, Air and steam etc., The standard ASME B.31.8 confirms the standard for Gas Transmission and Distribution piping systems. A brief review of the older specifications in chronological order may help define their usefulness, as well as help in the appreciation of the improved modern standards. The basis for design in almost all specifications to date is the Barlow formula, or Hoop Stress formula. It embodies the basic principle for design of a thin cylinder for internal pressure. The formula may be stated as: t = pd 2S in which t is the thickness of the pipe in inches; p is the internal pressure in pounds per square inch (psi); d is the inside diameter in inches; and S is the allowable working stress of the metal in pounds per square inch. In the development of the design of cast iron pipe, this formula has been modified in several ways by prominent water works engineers such as Allen Hazen, Thomas H. Wiggin, James T. Fanning, Dexter Brackett, I. J. Fairchild and James P. Kirkwood. Mr. Kirkwood, as chief engineer for the Brooklyn Water Works, developed a design for cast iron pipe which was a variant of the Barlow formula. Kirkwoods calculations took into consideration casting imperfection, corrosion, strength of the metal and other factors affecting the life of the pipe. In the late 1880s, a formula by Dexter Brackett, distribution engineer for the City of Boston, was adopted by the New England Water Works Association as their standard. The formula is as follows: t = (p + p1)r + 0.25 3,300 in which t is the thickness of the pipe wall in inches; p is the static pressure in psi; p1 is the pressure allowed for water hammer in psi; r is the internal radius of the pipe in inches;

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 3,300 is equal to one-fifth the tensile strength of cast iron, taken as 16,500 psi; and 0.25 is an allowance for corrosion and foundry tolerance in inches. Brackett accordingly used a safety factor of 5 in his formula. Although the 1902 NEWWA specifications did not provide a formula for pipe thicknesses, the Brackett formula was used in determining the thicknesses recommended. The AWWA in 1908 adopted a standard covering bell and spigot pipe produced in 12-foot laying lengths by the pit casting method. Prior to 1908, at least two unofficial documents dealing with pipe design were acknowledged by AWWA. The first of these used thicknesses for pipe determined by averaging the thicknesses used in a large number of American cities. The second dealt with actual design of pipe based on Bracketts method with variations. The 1908 AWWA standards employed a system of class designations applied to specific wall thicknesses in diameters 4 through 84 inclusive for a range of hydraulic heads. The most common of these classes were A, B, C and D for 100-, 200-, 300- and 400-feet hydraulic head, respectively. The design was based on a variation of the Brackett formula by J. T. Fanning and included a variation in the outside diameter for the different classes of pipe. The basic design of pipe with a different outside diameter for each class was followed in modern specifications until the 1961 revisions. The general acceptance by the water works industry of the standardized mechanical joint necessitated a standard outside diameter for cast iron pipe. AWWA revised their standards in 1939 to incorporate a new method of designing cast iron pressure pipe. This new method was published as ANSI A21.1. The A21.1 method of determining the required thickness of cast iron pipe takes into consideration trench load and internal pressure in combination. Trench load consists of the earth load on the pipe plus any super load resulting from traffic over the trench; internal pressure consists of the design working pressure plus an additional allowance for surge pressure. Laying conditions and strength of the iron in the pipe are also factors involved in the design. Additions for casting tolerance and a corrosion allowance are included in the design thickness. Actually, the first standard covering centrifugally cast pipe was issued by the United States Government in 1927, and was known as the Federal Specification No. 537. In July 1931, the specification was revised to include pipe cast centrifugally in sand-lined -4-

Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 molds, pipe cast centrifugally in metal molds, and pit cast pipe. This specification has been modified several times and now is basically the same as ANSI/AWWA Standards. Development of ductile iron in the 1950s initiated research into design of ductile iron pipe to take advantage of the superior strength, toughness, impact resistance and corrosion resistance of this new metal. The A21 Committee issued the ANSI A21.50 (AWWA H3-65) and ANSI A21.51 (AWWA C151) Standards for ductile iron pipe in 1965. The work of Prof. M. G. Spangler and others at Iowa State University on flexible conduit is the basis for principles that have been applied extensively by the designers of flexible underground pipe. The design principles and procedures for ductile iron pipe that were included in the ANSI Standard A21.50 (AWWA C150) were verified by actual trench tests at AMERICAN and by tests conducted by various researchers. Continued research on ductile iron pipe reflects through these updated standards the advancements in metallurgical technology and manufacturing skills. Furthermore, the quality of AMERICANs products and conformance to appropriate specifications are assured by the British Standards Institutes certification that AMERICANs quality system complies with ISO 9001 Quality Management System Standard. AMERICAN also subscribes to NSF's listing program for products under ANSI/NSF Standard 61Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth Effects. Check AMERICAN for current listing of our products.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 2.SCOPE OF THE REPORT: The report mainly concerns about the Hydro Test conducted after the construction of the pipe line is over. This report also contains the information for the hydro test provision as per ASME B31.8 for the steel pipes. The hydro test is also realized with a study project at the end of the description. Various calculation incurred in the process of hydro test are also given for the specified project. Hydro test is conducted for the stress analysis of the pipe line. The various factors and equipments required for the hydro test are also discussed in the standards it self.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

3.Hydro test Proviosion in B.31.8

841.3 Testing After Construction 841.31 General Provisions. All piping systems shall Pre-tested tie-in sections. and tie-in connections. The circumferential welds of welded tie-in connections not pressure tested after construction shall be inspected by radiographic or other accepted nondestructive methods in accordance with para. 826.2. Non-welded tie-in connections not pressure tested after construction shall be leak tested at not less than the pressure available when the tie-in is placed into service. 841.32 Test Required to Prove Strength of Pipelines and Mains to Operate at Hoop Stresses of 30% or More of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength of the Pipe 841.321 All pipelines and mains to be operated at a hoop stress of 30% or more of the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe shall be given a test for at least 2 hr to prove strength after construction and before being placed in operation. 841.322 Location Classes 1-4 (a) Pipelines located in Location Class 1, Division 1 shall be tested hydrostatically to 1.25 times design pressure if the maximum operating pressure is greater than 72% SMYS. (See para. 841.36.) (b) Pipelines located in Location Class 1, Division 2 shall be tested either with air or gas to 1.t times the maximum operating pressure or hydrostatically to at least 1.1 times the maximum operating pressure if the maximum operating pressure is 72% SMYS or less. (See para. 841.36.) (c) Pipelines and mains in Location Class 2 shall be tested either with air to 1.25 times the maximum operating pressure or hydrostatically to at least 1.25 times the maximum operating pressure. (See para. 841.36.) -7be tested after construction to the requirements of this Code except for pre-tested fabricated assemblies.

Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 (d) Pipelines and mains in Location Classes 3 and 4 shall be tested hydrostatically to a pressure not less than 1.4 times the maximum operating pressure. This requirement does not apply if, at the time the pipeline or main is first ready for test, one or both of the following conditions exist: (1) The ground temperature at pipe depth is 32P or test . or might fall to that temperature before the hydrostatic test could be completed, or (2) Water of satisfactory quality is not available in sufficient quantity. In such cases an air test to 1.1 times the maximum operating pressure shall be made, and the limitations on operating pressure imposed by Table 841.322(f) do not apply. (e) The test requirement given in paras. 841.322(a), 841.31-841.33 (b), (c), and (d) are summarized in Table 841.322(f). (See also para. 816.) (f) In selecting the test level, the designer or operating company should be aware of the provisions of para. 854 and the relationship between test pressure and operating pressure when the pipeline experiences a future increase in the number of dwellings intended for human occupancy. 841.323 Other provisions of this Code notwithstanding, pipelines and mains crossing highways and railroads may be tested in each case in the same manner and to the same pressure as the pipeline on each side of the crossing. 841.324 Other provisions of this Code notwithstanding, fabricated assemblies, including main line valve assemblies, cross connections, river crossing headers, etc., installed in pipelines in Location Class 1 and designed in accordance with a design factor of 0.60 as required in para. 841.121, may be tested as required for Location Class 1. 841.325 Notwithstanding the limitations on air testing imposed on para. 841.322(d), air testing may be used in Location Classes 3 and 4, provided that all of the following conditions apply:

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 (a) The maximum hoop stress during the test is less than 50% of the specified minimum yield strength in Location Class 3, and less than 40% of the specified minimum yield strength in Location Class 4. (b) The maximum pressure at which the pipeline or main is to be operated does not exceed 80% of the maximum field test pressure used. (c) The pipe involved is new pipe having a longitudinal joint factor, E, in Table 841.115A of 1.00. 841.326 Records: The operating company shall maintain in its file for the useful life of each pipeline and main, records showing the procedures used and the darn developed in establishing its maximum allowable operating pressure. 841.33 Tests Required to Prove Strength for Pipelines and Mains to Operate at Less Than 30% of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength of the Pipe, but in Excess 0f 100 psi. Steel piping that is to operate at stresses less than 30% of the specified minimum yield strength in Class 1 Locations shall at least be tested in accordance with para. 841.34. In Class 2, 3, and 4 Locations, such piping shall be tested in accordance with Table 841.322(f), except that gas or air may be used as the test medium within the maximum limits set in Table 841.33.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 TABLE841.322(f) TEST REQUIREMENTSFORPIPELINES AND MAINS TO OPERATE AT HOOP STRESSES OF 30% OR MORE OF THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH OF THE PIPE 1 Location Class 2 Permissible Test Fluid Minimum Maximum 3 4 5 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure, the Lesser of 1 Division I 1 Division 2 Water Air Gas 2 Water Air 3 and 4 [Note (1)] d.p. = design pressure m.o.p. = maximum operating pressure (not necessarily the maximum allowable operating pressure) t.p. = test pressure Water 1.1 x m.o.p. 1.1 x m.O.p. 1.1 .' m.o.p. 1.25 x m.o.p. 1.25 x m.o.p. 1.40 x m.o.p. None 1.1 x d.p. 1.1 x d.p. None 1.25 x d.p. None or d.p. t.p. + 1.25 or d.p. lop. + 1 40 or d.p. t.p. + 1.1 or d.p. Water 1.25 x m.o.p. None Lp. + 1.25

Pressure Test Prescribed

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 GENERAL NOTE: This Table defines the relationship between test pressure and maximum allowable operating pressures subsequent to the test. If an operating company decides that the maximum operating pressure will be less than the design pressure, a corresponding reduction in prescribed test pressure may be made as indicated in the Pressure Test Prescribed, Minimum, column. If this reduced test pressure is used, however, the maximum operating pressure cannot later be raised to the design pressure without retesting the line to the test pressure prescribed in the Pressure Test Prescribed, Maximum, column. See paras. 805.214, 845.213, and 845.214. NOTE: (1) For exceptions, see para. 841.322(d TABLE 841.33 MAXIMUM HOOPSTRESS PERMISSIBLE DURING TEST Class Location, % of Specified Minimum Yield Strength Test Medium Air Gas 2 75 30 3 50 30 4 40 30

841.34 Leak Tests for Pipelines or Mains to Operate at 100 psi or More 841.341 Each pipeline and main shall be tested after construction and before being placed in operation to demonstrate that it does not leak. If the test indicates that a leak exists, the leak. I)r leaks shall be located and eliminated, unless it can be determined that no undue hazard to public safety exists. 841.342 The test procedure used shall be capable of disclosing all leaks in the section being tested and shall be selected after giving due consideration to the volumetric content of the section and to its location. This requires the exercise of responsible and experienced judgment, rather than numerical precision. 841.343 In all cases where a line is to be stressed in a strength proof test to 20% or more of the specified minimum yield strength If the pipe, and gas or air is the test medium. a leak test shall be made at a - 11 -

Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 pressure in the range from 100 psi to that required to produce a hoop stress of 20% of the minimum specified yield, or the line shall be walked while the hoop stress is held at approximately 20% of the specified minimum yield. 40 30 841.35 Leak Tests for Pipelines and Mains to Operate at Less Than 100 psi 841.351 Each pipeline, main, and related equipment that will operate at less than 100 psi shall be tested after construction and before being placed in operation to demonstrate that it does not leak. 841.352 Gas may be used as the test medium at the maximum pressure available in the distribution system at the time of the test. In this case, the soap bubble test may be used to locate leaks if all joints are accessible during the test. 841.353 Testing at available distribution system pressures as provided for in para. 841.352 may not be adequate if substantial protective coatings are used that would seal a split pipe seam. If such coatings are used, the leak test pressure shall be 100 psi. 841.36 Safety During Tests. All testing of pipelines and mains after construction shall be done with due regard for the safety of employees and the public during the test. When air or gas is used, suitable steps shall be taken to keep persons not working on the testing operations out of the testing area when the hoop stress is first raised from 50% of the specified minimum yield to the maximum test stress, and until the pressure is reduced to the maximum operating pressure. 841.4 Commissioning of Facilities 841.41 General. Written procedures shall be established for commissioning. Procedures shall consider the characteristics of the gas to be transported, the need to isolate the pipeline from other connected facilities, and the transfer of the constructed pipeline to those responsible for its operation. Commissioning procedures, devices, and fluids shall be selected to ensure that nothing is introduced into the pipeline system that

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 will be incompatible with the gas to be transported, or with the materials in the pipeline components. 841.42 Cleaning and Drying Procedures . Consideration shall be given to the need for cleaning and drying the' pipe and its components beyond that required for removal of the test medium. 841.43 Functional Testing of Equipment and Systems. As a part of commissioning, all pipeline and compressor station monitor and control equipment and systems shall be fully function-tested, especially including safety systems such as pig trap interlocks, pressure and flow monitoring systems, and emergency pipeline shut-down systems. Consideration should a1so be given to performing a final test of pipeline valves before the gas is introduced to ensure that each valve is operating correctly. 841.44 Start-Up Procedures and Introduction of Transported Gas . Written start-up procedures shall be prepared before introducing the transported gas into the system and shall require the following: (a) the system be mechanically complete and operational (b) all functional tests be performed and accepted (c) all necessary safety systems be operational (d) operating procedures be available (e) a communications system be established (f) transfer of the completed pipeline system to those responsible for its operation. 841.45 Documentation and Records: The following commissioning records shall be maintained as permanent records: (a) cleaning and drying procedures (b) cleaning and drying results (c) function-testing records of pipeline monitoring (d) control equipment systems (e) completed pre-start checklist

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 STUDY OF HYDRO TEST: We see a study about a Hydro Test and its calculations for a pipe line with following details: Section Details Section Total Length of Pipe Line Total Length of Headers Inner Radius of Header Inner Radius of Pipe Pipe wall thickness Header wall thickness Geometric Volume Test Pressure Weather Hold Period : : : : : : : : : : : 8 NB pipe line

6144.94 Mtrs. 4.66 Mtrs. 103.15 mm 103.15 mm 6.4 mm 6.4 mm 205.55 M3 75 Kg/Cm2 Normal 24 Hrs.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Cleaning of Pipe Line Using Brush Pig First Run Start Up Ended Up Total Time Taken : : : 09.16 Hrs 11.42 Hrs 02.26 Hrs

Brush pig driven by pneumatic pressure by compressed air from compressor. Compressor Pressure used (Max) Line Pressure(Max) : : 4Kg/Cm2 0.5Kg/Cm2

Remarks: Large amount of mud, dry soil and dust came out. Gauge Pigging Gauge Plate Dia Start up Ended Up Total Time Taken : : : : 195.98 mm(95% ID) 12.11 Hrs. 13.42 Hrs. 01.31 Hrs.

Brush pig driven by pneumatic pressure by compressed air from compressor. Compressor Pressure Used (Max) Line Pressure (Max) : : 4 Kg/Cm2 0.5 Kg/cm2

Remarks: Minor scratches observed, gauge pigging accepted, released for water filling.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Geometric Volume Calculation: API 5L Gr.X60 8 seam Pipe of 6.4 mm thick Total Length of the Header = = 6144.94 Mtrs. 4.66 Mtrs.

Total Length of 6.4mm thick seam pipe with header= 6144.94+4.66 = Geometric Volume VG1 = = VG1 Geometric Volume VG2 = = = VG2 = 6149.60 Mtrs. /4D2L /4(0.2063) 2 x 6144.94 205.40 M3 /4D2L /4(0.2063) 2 x 4.66 0.155 M3

Total Volume VG

= = = =

VG1+VG2 205.40 + 0.155 205.55 M3 2,05,550 Lit

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

Water Filling: Sl.No Pumping Pumping starting Stopping time Time Hrs. Hrs. 7.58 8.05 8.14 8.35 8.45 8.54 9.04 9.12 9.24 9.32 9.42 9.52 10.02 10.10 10.21 10.31 10.49 10.57 11.09 11.19 11.29 11.39 11.49 11.59 12.09 12.20 12.30 12.40 12.50 1.17 1.27 1.37 1.49 1.59 8.05 8.14 8.35 8.45 8.54 9.04 9.12 9.24 9.32 9.42 9.52 10.02 10.10 10.21 10.31 10.49 10.57 11.09 11.19 11.29 11.39 11.49 11.59 12.09 12.20 12.30 12.40 12.50 1.17 1.27 1.37 1.49 1.59 2.09 Flowmeter Reading Initial Final 265000 270000 275000 276900 282000 287000 292000 293000 296000 301000 306000 311000 316000 320000 325000 330000 333000 338000 341000 346000 351000 356000 361000 366000 371000 376000 381000 386000 391000 396000 401000 406000 409000 414000 270000 275000 276900 282000 287000 292000 293000 296000 301000 306000 311000 316000 320000 325000 330000 333000 338000 341000 346000 351000 356000 361000 366000 371000 376000 381000 386000 391000 396000 401000 406000 409000 414000 419000 Volum e Ltrs Cum. Volum e Ltrs 5000 10000 11900 17000 22000 27000 28000 31000 36000 41000 46000 51000 55000 60000 65000 68000 73000 76000 81000 86000 91000 96000 101000 106000 111000 116000 121000 126000 131000 136000 141000 144000 149000 154000 Pressure Remarks Kg/Cm2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34

5000 5000 1900 5100 5000 5000 1000 3000 5000 5000 5000 5000 4000 5000 5000 3000 5000 3000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 5000 3000 5000 5000

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Sl.No Pumping Pumping starting Stopping time Time Hrs. Hrs. 2.09 2.17 2.27 2.36 2.55 3.03 3.12 3.22 3.31 3.47 3.56 4.05 4.29 4.38 4.47 5.35 6.53 7.46 7.56 8.06 8.48 9.00 10.26 10.40 11.39 11.45 2.17 2.27 2.36 2.55 3.03 3.12 3.22 3.31 3.47 3.56 4.05 4.29 4.38 4.47 5.35 6.53 7.46 7.56 8.06 8.48 9.00 10.26 10.40 11.39 11.45 11.47 Flowmeter Reading Initial Final 419000 420000 425000 430000 432000 437000 442000 443000 448000 452000 457000 462000 465000 470000 471000 476000 478000 482500 487500 492500 496500 501000 511350 516100 517300 520500 420000 425000 430000 432000 437000 442000 443000 448000 452000 457000 462000 465000 470000 471000 476000 478000 482500 487500 492500 496500 501000 511350 516100 517300 520500 521600 Volum e Ltrs Cum. Volum e Ltrs 155000 160000 165000 167000 172000 177000 178000 183000 187000 192000 197000 200000 205000 206000 211000 213000 217500 222500 227500 231500 236000 246350 251100 252300 255500 256600 Pressure Remarks Kg/Cm2

35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

1000 5000 5000 2000 5000 5000 1000 5000 4000 5000 5000 3000 5000 1000 5000 2000 4500 5000 5000 4000 4500 10350 4750 1200 3200 1100

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Air Bubbles Removal Date 25.09.2006 Pumping starting time Hrs. 12.01 Pumping Stopping Time Hrs. 12.05 Flowmeter Reading Initial 0 Final 10 Pressure Raised to 10 Kg/Cm2 at Dispatch terminal Pressure brought down to 3Kg/Cm2 at Dispatch Terminal Pressure brought down to 2Kg/Cm2 at Receiving Terminal Pressure brought down to 2Kg/Cm2 at Receiving Terminal Pressure brought down to 6Kg/Cm2 at Dispatch Terminal Remarks

12.09

12.13

10

12.17

12.21

10

12.25

12.29

10

12.31

12.35

10

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 50% Pressure Tabulation Pressure Cycling Date 25.09.06 Time Hrs. 12.34 12.39 12.43 12.45 12.51 12.55 12.59 01.01 01.10 DWT Pressure Kg/Cm2 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 35.44 37.50 Remarks

26.09.06

50% of Test Pressure Reached

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Air Volume Ratio Calculation Let initial Pressure Let final Pressure Pi Pf P = = = 36.85 Kg/Cm2 36.35 Kg/Cm2 0.5 Kg/Cm2 = (0.884 x r1/t1+A)xVGxPxK

Theoritical amount of water required Vt Let A = Vt = =

44.22 Pressure 36.35 Kg/Cm2 at 30oC ((0.884x103.15/6.4)+44.22) x 205.55 x 0.5 x 0.98 x 1.02 x 10-6 6.005 Ltrs

Air volume ratio = Va/Vt Let the actual amount of water required is Va = 6.080 Then, Air volume ratio = 6.080/6.005 = 1.0125 and hence the ratio may be acceptable.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 75% Pressure Tabulation Pressure Cycling Date 26.09.06 Time Hrs. 03.08 03.13 03.17 03.21 03.26 03.29 03.32 03.37 03.42 03.46 03.54 DWT Pressure Kg/Cm2 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 56.25 Remarks

75% of Test Pressure Reached

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 Air Volume Ratio Calculation Let initial Pressure Let final Pressure Pi Pf P = = = 56.20 Kg/Cm2 55.70 Kg/Cm2 0.5 Kg/Cm2 = (0.884 x r1/t1+A)xVGxPxK

Theoritical amount of water required Vt Let A = Vt = =

44.05 Pressure 55.70 Kg/Cm2 at 30oC ((0.884x103.15/6.4)+44.22) x 205.55 x 0.5 x 0.98 x 1.02 x 10-6 5.988 Ltrs

Air volume ratio = Va/Vt Let the actual amount of water required is Va = 6.050 Then, Air volume ratio = 6.050/5.988 = 1.01 and hence the ratio may be acceptable.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 100% Pressure Tabulation Pressure Cycling Date 26.09.06 Time Hrs. 05.41 05.45 05.49 05.53 05.56 06.00 06.06 06.09 06.12 06.16 06.22 06.26 06.36 06.45 DWT Pressure Kg/Cm2 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75.60 Remarks

Date 26.09.0 6

Time Hrs

DWT Press. Kg/Cm2 75.6 75.55 75.55 75.6 75.65 75.75 75.8 75.9 75.85

Pipe Wall Temp. 0C 30 31 32.7 33.8 34.2 35 36.9 38.1 37.1

Amb. Temp 0C 27 27 31 32 33 34 33 31 32

PG1 Pressure

Remarks 24 Hrs. Hold Period

7.45 8.45 9.45 10.45 11.45 12.45 13.45 14.45 15.45

76 Started 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8 16.45 17.45 18.45 19.45 20.45 21.45 22.45 23.45 27.09.0 6 0.45 1.45 2.45 3.45 4.45 5.45 6.45 7.45 8.00 75.85 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.8 75.85 31.9 31.7 31.5 31.2 30.9 30.7 30.7 32.4 32.2 28 28 28 28 27 27 28 33 29 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 24 Hrs. Hold Period Comp. 75.85 75.85 75.85 75.85 75.85 75.85 75.85 75.85 36.9 34.3 33.7 33.4 33.1 32.1 32.2 32 31 29 28 29 28 28 28 28 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

Test Result Conclusion The difference in pressure value before hold up and after hold up should be less than % to accept the test. For example: Let the Initial Pressure Final Pressure Pressure Difference Pi Pf = = = 75.60 75.85 0.15 = 0.24 bar

This 0.24 bar comes within the range and hence the test can be accepted.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

Conclusion:
In this report the history of ASME standard was given in a compromise able way to get into the heart of ASME B.31.8 standard. The ASME B.31.8 insisting on the recommendation of stress analysis of the pipe and its procedure are also discussed. An example of the hydro test is also presented here for better understanding of the stress analysis.

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Hydro Test Provisions in ASME B31.8

6.Bibliography:
1. ASME B31.8-1999 Edition 2. Hydro Test Report for Sai Regency Power Corporation Limited 3. www.acipco.com 4. webstore.ansi.org 5. www.techstreet.com 6. catalog.asme.org

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