WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

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Product name Product version Document version

WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Drafted by: Reviewed by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Kenny Wang

Date: Date: Date: Date:

2007-09-12

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Date 2007-9-12

Revised version 1.00

Description Initial version

Author Kenny Wang

2011-01-27

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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Chapter 1 Introduction to Single Site Verification

In WCDMA RNO, completing automatic check and test of functions of equipment in each site is necessary and ensures that the basic functions (such as access and call) of each cell and site in the area to be optimized are normal. By single site verification, we can achieve the following goal: To distinguish the call drop and access problems due to poor coverage from those due to equipment performance. This helps locate and solve problems in early stages, and raise efficiency of network optimization.

Single site verification involves the following aspects: Parameter setting check in idle mode Services call (AMR/VP/PS) function check in connected mode CPICH RSCP&Ec/Io

Chapter 2 Basic Processes

Figure 1.1 shows the flow of network optimization. According to the figure, after sites are constructed and tested, the network optimization proceeds to the single site verification stage. Single site verification includes automatic test of equipment functions for cells and in this stage we check whether the equipment of each cell functions normally. When all the cells in the area to be optimized pass single site verification without function problem, the single site verification ends. Consequently, optimization proceeds to RF optimization stage.

Figure 1.1 Flow chat of network optimization

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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Radio parameter planning data table

Preparations before test Chec king site statu s Single site test Chec king Fre confi qu gure enc d y data che ck Othe rs Scr am ble che ck

Radio parameter configuration data table

Solving the LA problem C/ RA C Figure 1.2 Flow chat of single site verification che ck Single site verification includes preparations before test, single site test, and solving CP problems. IC H must input the Radio Parameter Planning In the stage of preparations before test, you RS (RNP). After check configured data, output Data Table output in radio network planning the Radio Parameter Configuration DataCP Table and select proper test points and test &E route. c/Io In the stage of single site test, output theche Single Site Verification Checklist according to the template. ck Ser In the stage of solving problems, on-site engineers and product support engineers solve vic the function problems. e call fun ctio n che ck UEs and check the cell status and service On-site engineers verifies single sites by test connection conditions in the Verification(voi in Idle Mode and Verification in Connected ce/ U626 handset as example for completing Mode. The following sections take Huawei VP/types, the method for starting testing mode single site verification. For handsets of other and measurement interface is different, PS but the following sections can still serve as ) reference.

Chapter 3 Verifications by On-site Engineers

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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

3.1 Preparations before Test

3.1.1 Testing Point Selection
I. Aim to Select Testing Points
To ensure that the services to be tested are provided by the cell to be measured, you must test cell equipment functions by selecting a test point meeting the following conditions:

Where the signals of target cell are strong Where the signals of other cells are weak

II. Methods for Selecting Testing Points

To ensure that the services to be tested are provided by the cell to be measured, the most ideal method is to disable power amplifiers of other cells except the cell to be measured. In this situation, no requirements are on the testing points. If you cannot disable the power amplifier of other cells, select a testing point near the center of the cell, with line-of-sight distance to the NodeB. In this way, the signals are strong enough and do not fluctuate. For a macro cell, select a testing point 100 meters from NodeB in the direction of major transmission of cell antenna, with line-of-sight distance to NodeB.

3.1.2 Test UE Setup

Set the handset to testing mode before test. For different types of handset, the method for starting testing mode is different. For Huawei U626, press the keys * and #, as well as left navigation key in the same time to start engineering mode, and this serves for locking frequency. Press the application key to starting testing mode, as shown in Figure 1.11

Application key

Figure 1.1 Method for starting testing mode of Huawei U626 test UE

3.1.3 Other Preparations

Besides the tasks mentioned previously, you must complete the following tasks:
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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Check from the operator's optimization engineers whether the power transmission of each site is allowed Obtain the number of test UE Check whether the UE is a test UE in engineering mode or uses a data card and whether the UE power is enough Print the test table Familiarize the following information about NodeB before test, including: Site location Cell ID Scramble Omnidirectional/Directional site Azimuth

3.2 Verification in Idle Mode

Verification in idle mode includes the following aspects:

Frequency Check Scramble Check LAC/RAC Check CPICH_RSCP/CPICH_EcIo (Near Site) Test

3.2.1 Frequency Check

I. Aim
Check whether the frequency number of the cell to be measured is consistent with the planned data.

II. Method
According to the method mentioned in 3.1.1, press the application key to start testing mode of the handset. Then the handset displays testing mode. Query WCDMA-Network Information, and the handset displays the basic information of the serving network, including the uplink and downlink frequency number.

III. Remarks
Check whether the ID of the serving cell (CI) is consistent with the planned one in frequency check. If not, the UE might receive signals from other cells. 1) If the ID of the serving cell is consistent with the planned one, you do as below: Move the UE to a location with stronger signals and wait for two minutes. If the measured CI is inconsistent with the planned one, the UE does not reselect a cell. You must power off the UE, and then power on the UE to ensure that the UE camps on the cell with strongest signals, namely, the primary serving cell. Only when both the frequency and CI are consistent can the test pass. If the ID of the serving cell is inconsistent with the planned one, you do as below: You must lock frequency. For Huawei U626 handset, press the keys * and #, as well as the left navigation key at the same time to start engineering mode. Press Locking Frequency, and then Start Locking Frequency. After typing the frequency point, click OK to complete locking frequency. After frequency locking, you must restart testing mode. If the frequency and CI are consistent, the single site verification test passes.

2)

If you cannot find the serving CI for a long time, possibly the signals of the primary
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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

serving cell are transmitted abnormally, and the antenna-feeder are reversely connected. You must adjust them and then restart the test.

3.2.2 Scramble Check

I. Aim
Check whether the scramble configuration is consistent with the planned configuration.

II. Method
Press the application key to start testing mode of the handset. Query WCDMA-Network Information, and the handset displays the basic information of the serving network, including the primary scramble (P-SC) information.

III. Remarks
Based on consistency of CI, check whether the P-SC is consistent with the planned one. If yes, the site passes the test. If no, you must readjust and retest.

3.2.3 LAC/RAC Check

I. Aim
Check whether the LAC/RAC of the cell to be measured is consistent with the planed one.

II. Method
Press the application key to start testing mode of the handset. Query WCDMA-Network Information, and the handset displays the basic information of the serving network, including LAC and RAC.

III. Remarks
If the measured LAC/RAC is consistent with the planned one, the site passes test. If not, you must readjust and retest.

3.2.4 CPICH_RSCP/CPICH_EcIo (Near Site) Test

I. Aim
Check whether the CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by UE are greater than the threshold. Check whether there are problems, such as abnormal power amplifier, abnormal connection of antenna-feeder, inconsistent of antenna tilt/azimuth from the planned one, and blocking by buildings.

II. Method
In the major transmission direction of antenna, fix a location with line-of-sight distance from the antenna within 100 meters from the NodeB.
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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Power on the test UE and start testing mode by pressing the application key. Query WCDMA-Power/RRC, and the handset displays the information about the received signals, including the received signal strength Rx (CPICH_RSCP) and the received signal-to-interference radio (SIR) (CPICH Ec/Io).

III. Remarks
The threshold of CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io are related to site types (macro cell, micro cell) and loading conditions. You must determine them according to the actual situations.

For macro cells, CPICH RSCP > 70 dBm. For micro cells, CPICH RSCP > 60 dBm. For no-load cells, CPICH Ec/Io > 6 dB. For load-on cells, CPICH Ec/Io > 10 dB.

If the operator also runs a 2G network and the 3G sites and 2G sites share sites, you can compare the coverage of corresponding 2G sites for checking signal coverage problems. If no special note is for a cell, the related CPICH RSCP: 75 dBm, CPICH Ec/Io: 8 dB. If CPICH RSCP < 75dBm, you must check for the following problems:

Abnormal power amplifier Abnormal connection of antenna-feeder Inconsistency of antenna tile/direction angle from planned one Blocking by buildings

If CPICH Ec/Io < 8dB (when loading, the CPICH Ec/Io < 10dB), you must inform of RNO engineers.

3.3 Verification in Connected Mode

3.3.1 Originating and Terminating Connection Test of Voice Service
I. Aim
Check whether the originating and terminating function of voice service function normally by call quality test (CQT).

II. Method
Use two handsets to call each other for five times. Record the originating and terminating connection conditions,

III. Remarks
If the originating or terminating handset fails, you must locate to solve the problem and retest it.

3.3.2 Originating and Terminating Connection Test of VP Service

I. Aim
Check whether the originating and terminating function of VP service function normally by call quality test (CQT).
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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

II. Method
Use two handsets to call each other for five times. Record the originating and terminating connection conditions,

III. Remarks
If the originating or terminating handset fails, you must locate to solve the problem and retest it.

3.3.3 Connection Test of PS Services

I. Aim
Check whether the originating function of PS services are normal by handset online service.

II. Method
Before test, check whether you can go online with the test UE in normal cells. If the handset is available for online service, type the website address in the browser. It is a symbol for connection of PS services that the handset is available for online services and browsing web pages. The method for Huawei U626 handset to browse online is below: 1) 2) Select Main Menu > Data Connection > Data Account. Check the IP address of data account. Ensure than the access point name (APN) is correctly configured. For example, the ANP for Chine Mobile Monternet is cmwap. Select Main Menu > Browser > Selecting Network Settings. Select the network settings, press Edit and the handset displays the editing interface. You can editing the following items: Homepage: type the website address entitled "http://" WAP gateway: if there is a WAP gateway, type the IP address, IP port number, user name, and password. If not, neglect it Timeout: the default out time is 60s Data account: select as described in 1 Connection type: select HTTP Select Main Menu > Browser > Homepage. Select OK to browse the homepage. If no homepage address is in Network Settings, or you aim to browse other web pages, select Main Menu > Browser > Typing Website Address. After typing a website address, select OK. Then you can browse the specified web page. Edit online settings. Select Menu > Tools > Web Access > Web Sessions. Move the cursor to the target web session, press , and a menu is displayed. Select Edit to edit online settings as below: Homepage: type homepage address excluding "http://" Service Type1: HTTP Service Type2: WAP Port1: 8080 GPRS APN: for example, the APN for China Mobile Monternet is cmwap. Select Menu > Tools > Web Access > Web Sessions. Select Launch to browse the specified web page.

3)

The method for Moto A835 handset to browse online is below: 1)

2)

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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

III. Remarks
If you can browse the specified web page with the UE in the cell to be measured, the site passes the test. If not, the PS services are unavailable and you must location to retest.

3.4 Solving Problems

If on-site engineers find product function problems or parameter configuration problems, the engineers must location them and retest until the problems are solved and process terminates.

Chapter 4 Single Site Verification Checklist

Si ngl e Si t e V er i f i cat i on C heckl i st . xl s

CPICH stands for Common Pilot CHannel in UMTS and some other CDMA communications systems. In WCDMA FDD cellular systems, CPICH is a downlink channel broadcast by Node Bs with constant power and of a known bit sequence. Its power is usually between 5% and 15% of the total Node B transmit power. Commonly, the CPICH power is 10% of the typical total transmit power of 43 dBm. The Primary Common Pilot Channel is used by the Primary

UEs to first complete identification of the

Scrambling Code used for scrambling Primary Common Control Physical Channel (P-CCPCH) transmissions from the Node B. Later CPICH channels provide allow phase and power estimations to be made, as well as aiding discovery of other radio paths. There is one primary CPICH (P-CPICH), which is transmitted using spreading code 0 with a spreading factor of 256, notationally written as Cch,256,0[1]. Optionally a Node B may
broadcast one or more secondary common pilot channels (S-CPICH), which use arbitrarily chosen 256 codes, written as Cch,256,n where 0 <

n < 256.

The CPICH contains 20 bits of data, which are either all zeros, or in the case that Space-Time Transmit Diversity (STTD) is employed, is a pattern of alternating 1's and 0's for transmissions on the
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WCDMA RNO Single Site Verification Guide

Node B's second antenna[2]. The first antenna of a base station always transmits all zeros for CPICH. A UE searching for a WCDMA Node B will first use the primary and secondary synchronisation channels (P-SCH and S-SCH respectively) to determine the slot and frame timing of a candidate PCCPCH, whether STTD is in use, as well as identifying which one of 64 code groups is being used by the cell. Crucially this allows to UE to reduce the set of possible Primary Scrambling Codes being used for P-CPICH to only 8 from 512 choices. At this point the correct PSC can be determined through the use of a matched filter, configured with the fixed channelisation code C ch,256,0, looking for the known CPICH bit sequence, while trying each of the possible 8 PSCs in turn. The results of each run of the matched filter can be compared, the correct PSC being identified by the greatest correlation result. Once the scrambling code for a CPICH is known, the channel can be used for measurements of signal quality, usually with RSCP and Ec/I0. Timing and phase estimations can also be made, providing a reference that helps to improve reliability when decoding other channels from the same Node B. Pilot signals are not a requirement of CDMA, however, they do make the UE's receiver simpler and improve the reliability of the system.

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