Professional Documents
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Section A
[20 marks]
[Time suggested : 30 minutes]
Question 1
Read the following text and complete the given task.
Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe and debilitating mental illness. It is considered
one of the psychotic mental disorders and is characterized by symptoms of thought,
behavior, and social problems. The thought problems associated with schizophrenia are
described as psychosis, in that the person's thinking is completely out of touch with
reality at times.
There are five types of schizophrenia which are paranoid schizophrenia,
disorganized schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia and
residual schizophrenia. Each is based on the kind of symptoms the person has at the
time of assessment:
There is no single cause for schizophrenia. Rather, it is the result of a complex group
of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors. Genetically, schizophrenia and
bipolar disorder have much in common, in that the two disorders share a number of the
same risk genes. However, the fact is that both illnesses also have some genetic factors
that are unique. Environmentally, the risks of developing schizophrenia can even occur
before birth. For example, the risk of schizophrenia is increased in individuals whose
mother had one of certain infections during pregnancy. Difficult life circumstances during
childhood, like the early loss of a parent, parental poverty, bullying, witnessing parental
violence; emotional, sexual, or physical abuse; physical or emotional neglect; and
insecure attachment have been associated with the development of this illness.
A person with schizophrenia may not have any outward appearance of being ill. In
other cases, the illness may be more apparent, causing changes in behavior as well as
bizarre behaviors. These may include social withdrawal, depersonalization, loss of
appetite, loss of hygiene, delusions, hallucinations, and a sense of being controlled by
outside forces. In order to better understand schizophrenia, the concept of clusters of
symptoms is often used.
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Based on the information from the text, complete the table below.
Schizophrenia
Definiti
on
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2
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Types
3
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4
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5
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Causes
6
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7
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Sympto
ms
8
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10
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[10 marks]
Question 2
Read the following text and complete the given task.
Chocolate is made from plants, which means it contains many of the health
benefits of dark vegetables. These benefits are from flavonoids, which act as
antioxidants. Antioxidants protect the body from aging caused by free radicals, which
can cause damage that leads to heart disease. Dark chocolate contains a large number
of antioxidants (nearly 8 times the number found in strawberries). Flavonoids also help
relax blood pressure through the production of nitric oxide, and balance certain
hormones in the body.
Dark chocolate is good for your heart. A small bar of it everyday can help keep your
heart and cardiovascular system running well. Two heart health benefits of dark
chocolate are lower blood pressure and lower cholesterol. Studies have shown that
consuming a small bar of dark chocolate everyday can reduce blood pressure in
6355/1 Hak Cipta PKPSM Cawangan Perlis
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individuals with high blood pressure. Dark chocolate has also been shown to reduce LDL
cholesterol - the bad cholesterol - by up to 10 percent.
Chocolate also holds other benefits apart from protecting your heart. It tastes good. It
stimulates endorphin production, which gives a feeling of pleasure. It contains serotonin,
which acts as an anti-depressant and also theobromine, caffeine and other substances
which are stimulants.
Some of the fats in chocolate do not impact your cholesterol. The fats in chocolate
are 1/3 oleic acid, 1/3 stearic acid and 1/3 palmitic acid. Oleic Acid is a healthy
monounsaturated fat that is also found in olive oil. Stearic Acid is a saturated fat but has
a neutral effect on cholesterol. Palmitic Acid is also a saturated fat, one which raises
cholesterol and heart disease risk. Thus, only 1/3 of the fat in dark chocolate is bad
for you.
Based on the information from the text, complete the table below.
DARK CHOCOLATE
1
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Benefits
2
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3
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6
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4
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5
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6
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Types of
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fat
7
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8
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Flavonoids
Serotonin
Theobromine and
Caffeine
function as
functions as
Contains
function as
10
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_________________
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stimulants
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[10 marks]
Section B
[30 marks]
[Time suggested: 45 minutes]
Read the information given about biomass energy and complete the
task.
BIOMASS ENERGY
-
Advantages
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Disadvantages
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