Freezing Point Depression Odaro Osayimwen Chem 1212L-197 February 14, 2013

Purpose and Procedure: The purpose (goal) of this experiment is to determine the molar mass of the unknown alcohol. The procedure for the experiment is from the lab manual referenced below. We didnt really follow the instructions in the lab book because the methods were a little old fashion. The computer helped to most of the work. The following are some of the things changed: 1. Water is used instead of alcohol. 2. We didnt use rock salt. 3. We only did option A, found the molar mass. Block/McKelvy/Denniston/Silverstein (2012). Laboratory Experiments for Chem 1211L and 1212L, with contribution from Georgia Perimeter Faculty, 7e, p 135-141(Freezing Point Depression)

Data: Unknown A Given: Kf TBA = 9.8 C/m Mass of TBA: 18.30 g Mass of alcohol: .76 g Volume of TBA: 25.50 ml The data points for the Temperature vs. Time are in a large excel file. Placing them on the lab would take a lot of unreasonable space. This is the graph for the TBA:

Temperature Vs Time
35 30 temperature 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 200 400 time 600 800 Temperature

Graph of Alcohol:

Temperature Vs. Time

40 35 30 temperature 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 50 100 time 150 200 250 Temperature

Calculation: T = Tf - Ti = 21.0oC 23.8oC =

|oC

=2.8 oC
T = iKf msolute 2.8 oC = (1) (9.8 C/m) (msolute) m= .2857 m m= MM= (gsolute)/ (kgsolvent * m) MM=.76 g/((18.30 g/1000g/kg)* .2857 (mol/kg)) MM= 145 g/mol

Result: Molar mass: 145 g/mol Unknown Substance: Ethyl benzene

Error Analysis The errors from this experiment came from the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. The buret reading of the TBA. The measurement of the volume of the unknown. When the bowl was cooling down. Measuring the mass of the alcohol and unknown.

This affected my results in the following: 1. The freezing point would be affected. 2. The mass of both the unknown and TBA would be affected. 3. Due to all of these, the molality and molarity would be different from it actual value. Percent error= ((145 106.17)/(106.17)) *100% = 37.1% error

Discussion In this experiment, we worked with TBA; this alcohol had a really high freezing point, in fact, because the class was a little bit cold, it began to freeze in the beaker. It started melting at about 25oC and Ill bet it has a small boiling point too. This is probably due to it intermolecular force. We used TBA so that our experiment can be finished on time, water would have taken too long. My experimental value for the molar mass is greater than any of the alcohols given in class; however, the closest is ethyl benzene with a molar mass of 106.17 g/mol, which is why I choose it. The error of the result is 37.1% error, which is quite high, it doesnt look like it came from the calculations, I probably messed up somewhere in the experiment.