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Flame front and temperature contours for an offshore jet fire release. Results from the CFD simulations provide important information for major accident hazard evaluation, including assessments of the effectiveness of proposed mitigation strategies. Key outputs from fire modelling simulations include: Flame front, showing interactions with primary structures. Temperature contours. Thermal radiation flux contours. Movies of flame development and regression due to the deployment blow-down systems.
At MMI Engineering, CFD is employed extensively to simulate Major Accident Hazards within the Oil and Gas industry, such as jet and pool fires within complex process areas. Results from CFD simulations often reveal important flow features not available from more simplistic phenomenological models, for example the interaction of a flame with a platform structure or the complex nature of smoke dispersion leeward of an offshore platform. These results provide valuable insight for our clients into the nature of their particular scenarios. MMI consultants have extensive experience in CFD modelling both in industry and academia. The modelling software most commonly employed is ANSYS-CFX, an industry-leading commercial CFD package. State-of-the-art turbulence, combustion and radiation models are used for fire and smoke modelling. In addition, several innovative sourceterm models have been developed by MMIs consultants that provide input into CFD simulations that allow a wide range of relevant scenarios to be modelled. These include pipeline and vessel blow-down models, a bubble plume model for subsea releases, and a smoke-production model for the combustion of complex hydrocarbon fuels.
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Contact
Simon Thurlbeck Tel: +44 (0) 1925 230655 Email: sthurlbeck@mmiengineering.com Website: www.mmiengineering.com
Carbon monoxide concentration contours showing escape impedance (red) following a process-related fire. Conventional outputs from CFD simulations include concentrations of the primary toxic gases within the smoke, particularly carbon monoxide (CO). However, MMI have developed a technique whereby the combinative nature of hazards due to toxicants and irritants within the smoke (such as CO, carbon dioxide, oxygen-depletion, hydrogen cyanide etc.) are accounted for by calculating an overall time-toincapacitation or time-to-death due to these effects. This gives an immediate indication as to escape or muster is possible and/or safe. In summary, MMIs capability regarding smoke modelling includes: Modelling of internal and/or external smoke dispersion following an ignited accidental release. Definition of accurate volumetric smoke source terms including toxic gas concentrations. Estimating smoke visibility within an internal structure, such as an accommodation block during a galley fire. Incorporation of the effects conditions on smoke dispersion. of atmospheric
Time-to-incapacitation contours for smoke-inhalation. Key outputs from smoke dispersion analysis using CFD are: Smoke concentration isosurfaces indicating the dispersion of the combustion products. Concentration contours for various toxic gases. Time-to-incapacitation and time-to-death contours due to smoke inhalation.
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