6.

2 Utilice a) la iteracin de punto fijo y b) el mtodo de Newton-Rapsn para determinar la raz de

f(x) = -0.9x^2+1.7x + 2.5 usando xo = 5.

f(x) = -0.9x2+1.7x + 2.5

x

f(x)=-1.8x+1.7
Xo= 5

f(x)
-10.7
-7.375
-4.5
-2.075
-0.1
1.425
2.5
3.125
3.3
3.025
2.3
1.125
-0.5

-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3

Mtodo de Newton-Rapsn
i
0
1
2
3
4
5

iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6

Xi
5
3.42465753
2.924357
2.86114698
2.86010469
2.86010441

f(Xi)
-11.5
-2.2335335
-0.22527057
-0.00359596
-9.7773E-07
-7.1942E-14

f'(Xi)
-7.3
-4.46438356
-3.56384259
-3.45006456
-3.44818844
-3.44818793

g(X)
3.49602949
3.06290533
2.9263058
2.88188207
2.86728666
2.8624751
2.86088713
2.86036286
2.86018975
2.86013259
2.86011371
2.86010748
2.86010542

f(g(X))
-2.55674986
-0.73631108
-0.2322192
-0.07552033
-0.0248122
-0.00817966
-0.00269954
-0.00089126
-0.00029429
-9.7176E-05
-3.2089E-05
-1.0596E-05
-3.499E-06

la iteracin de punto fijo

iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

X
5
3.49602949
3.06290533
2.9263058
2.88188207
2.86728666
2.8624751
2.86088713
2.86036286
2.86018975
2.86013259
2.86011371
2.86010748

Xi+1
3.42465753
2.924357
2.86114698
2.86010469
2.86010441
2.86010441

f(Xi+1)
-2.2335335
-0.22527057
-0.00359596
-9.7773E-07
-7.1942E-14
0

Rapsn para determinar la raz de

6.4 emplee el mtodo de NewtonRapson para determinar la raz real de

f(x) = -2.0+6x-4x2+0.5x3, usando valores iniciales de a) 4.2 y b) 4.43

f(x) = -2.0+6x-4x2+0.5x3
x
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3

i
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

iteraciones
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

x
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5

f(x)=6-8x+1,5x2
Xo= 0.5

f(x)
-69.5
-49.8125
-34
-21.6875
-12.5
-6.0625
-2
0.0625
0.5
-0.3125
-2
-4.1875
-6.5

-4

Xi

f(Xi)
0.5
0.0625
0.47368421 -0.0022598
0.47635106 0.00450952
0.47099895 -0.00912315
0.48170433 0.01795684
0.46014574 -0.03734769
0.50298855
0.0695688

Xi

f(Xi)

7
6.34042553
6.61679171
7.34361057
9.45869315
17.2889996
67.9351268

15.5
2.68427998
7.42098419
24.3625766
120.004518
1490.01916
138711.354

f'(Xi)
2.375
0.84736842
0.84256809
0.8522019
0.83293221
0.87173766
0.79462061

f'(Xi)
23.5
-9.71276596
-10.2102251
-11.518499
-15.3256477
-29.4201994
-120.583228

Xi+1
f(Xi+1)
0.47368421 -0.0022598
0.47635106 0.00450952
0.47099895 -0.00912315
0.48170433 0.01795684
0.46014574 -0.03734769
0.50298855
0.0695688
0.41543885 -0.16187447

Xi+1
6.34042553
6.61679171
7.34361057
9.45869315
17.2889996
67.9351268
1218.27216

f(x)
-69.5
-49.8125
-34
-21.6875
20

f(Xi+1)
2.68427998
7.42098419
24.3625766
120.004518
1490.01916
138711.354
898142454

-3

-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
6
6.5
7

-12.5
-6.0625
-2
0.0625
0.5
-0.3125
-2
-4.1875
-6.5
-8.5625
-10
-10.4375
-9.5
-6.8125
-2
5.3125
15.5

20
10
0
-4

metodo de la secante
iteraciones
Xi-1
f(Xi-1)
0
5
-9.5
1
6.5
5.3125
2 5.96202532 -2.4485132
3 6.13175034 -0.33106175
4
6.1582867
0.0266967
5
6.1563065 -0.00025398
5 6.15632516 -1.9164E-07

-2

-10 0

-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80

Xi

f'(Xi)
6.5
5.3125
5.96202532 -2.4485132
6.13175034 -0.33106175
6.1582867
0.0266967
6.1563065 -0.00025398
6.15632516 -1.9164E-07
6.15632517 1.3927E-12

Xi+1
5.96202532
6.13175034
6.1582867
6.1563065
6.15632516
6.15632517
6.15632517

0
-3

-2

-1

-5

-10

Series1

f(Xi+1)
-2.4485132
-0.33106175
0.0266967
-0.00025398
-1.9164E-07
1.3927E-12
0

6.6 localice la primera raz positiva de

f(x) = sen x + cos(1+x^2) -1
Donde x est en radianes. Use cuatro iteraciones con el mtodo de la secante con
valores iniciales de a) xi-1 = 1.0 y xi =2, y b) xi-1 = 1.8 y xi =2, para localizar la raz.
c) use el mtodo grfico para verificar los resultados.

f(x) = sen x + cos(1+x2) -1

x
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3

f(x)
-1.98019154
-1.03054797
-1.62563524
-2.99162466
-2.25761782
-1.16410318
-0.45969769
-0.2052521
-0.57467585
-0.99663469
0.19295961
0.16639632
-1.69795152

1
2
3
4

metodo de la secante
iteraciones
Xi-1
f(Xi-1)
1
1 -0.57467585
2
2 0.19295961
3 1.74863119 -0.62467479
4 1.94067761 -0.01381514

1
2
3
4

iteraciones
1
2
3
4

Xi-1

f'(x)=cosx -2x*sen(1+x2)

f(Xi-1)
1.8 -0.4811673
2 0.19295961
1.94275273 -0.00652222
1.94462448 5.6429E-05

a)
Xi-1= 1
Xi= 2
b)
Xi-1= 1.8
Xi= 2

Xi

f'(Xi)
2 0.19295961
1.74863119 -0.62467479
1.94067761 -0.01381514
1.94502091 0.00144979

Xi+1
1.74863119
1.94067761
1.94502091
1.9446084

Xi

Xi+1
1.94275273
1.94462448
1.94460842
1.94460843

f'(Xi)
2 0.19295961
1.94275273 -0.00652222
1.94462448 5.6429E-05
1.94460842 -8.4043E-10

con el mtodo de la secante con

= 1.8 y xi =2, para localizar la raz.

f(Xi+1)
-0.62467479
-0.01381514
0.00144979
-7.2811E-08

f(Xi+1)
-0.00652222
5.6429E-05
-8.4043E-10
0

6.8 determine la mayor raz real de f(x) = x^3-6x^2+11x-6.1:

a) grficamente
b) con el mtodo de Newton-Rapsn (tres iteraciones, xi =3.5)
c) utilizando el mtodo de la secante (tres iteraciones xi-1 = 2.5 y xi =3.5).
d) usando el mtodo de la secante modificado (tres iteraciones, xi =3.5, = 0.02)

f(x) = x3-6x2+11x-6,1
x
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5

f(x)
-13.225
-6.1
-1.975
-0.1
0.275
-0.1
-0.475
-0.1
1.775
5.9
13.025
23.9
39.275

metodo de newton-rapson
i
iteraciones
Xi
0
1
3.5
1
2 3.19130435
2
3 3.06869882

f'(x)=3x2-12x+11
f'(x)=6x-12
b)
Xo= 3.5
c)
Xi-1= 2.5
Xi= 3.5
d)
Xi= 3.5
= 0.02

f(Xi)
1.775
0.39940199
0.05188045

f'(Xi)
5.75
3.25761815
2.42635151

Xi+1
3.19130435
3.06869882
3.04731674

metodo de la secante modificado

i
iteraciones
Xi
f(Xi)
0
1
3.5
1.775
1
2 2.90270666 -0.26710968
2
3 3.01190546 -0.07576217

f'(Xi)
5.75
1.44463793
2.07185798

f''(Xi)
9
5.41623994
6.07143276

f(x) = x^3-6x^2+11x-6.1
4
2
0
-1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

-2
-4
-6
-8

f(Xi+1)
0.39940199
0.05188045
0.00145603

Xi+1
f(Xi+1)
2.90270666 -0.26710968
3.01190546 -0.07576217
3.04493351 -0.0039852

metodo de la secante
iteraciones
Xi-1
f(Xi-1)
1
0
2.5
-0.475
2
1
3.5
1.775
3
2
0
-6.1

3.5

Xi
3.5
0
3.5

f(Xi)
1.775
-6.1
1.775

Xi+1
f(Xi+1)
2.71111111 -0.45151715
2.71111111 -0.45151715
2.71111111 -0.45151715

6.10 la funcin x^3+2x^2-3 tiene una raz doble en x = 1. use a) el mtodo estndar de
Newton-Rapsn, b) el mtodo de Newton-Rapsn modificado para resolver la raz en x=1.
Compare y analice la velocidad de convergencia usando xo=0.2.

f(x)= x^3+2x^2-3

f'(x)= 3x^2+4x

f(x)
-3
-2.5
-2
-1.5
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3

-12
-6.125
-3
-1.875
-2
-2.625
-3
-2.375
0
4.875
13
25.125
42

metodo de newton-rapson modificado

i
iteraciones
Xi
0
1
0.2
1
2 -1.22745098
2
3 -1.90874421
3
4 -5.0376922
4
5 -1.8958757
5
6 -4.81260643
6
7 -1.79962429
7
8 -3.69368447
8
9 -1.22549867
9
10 -1.90624852
10
11 -4.99195257
11
12 -1.87659866
12
13 -4.51928863
13
14 -1.66790889
14
15 -2.91639169
15
16 -0.47714451
16
17 -1.3295301
17
18 -2.05327181
18
19 -13.4614535
19
20 -4.88060858
20
21 -1.82908606
21
22 -3.95938621
22
23 -1.38486569
23
24 -2.14554243
24
25 30.0632254
25
26 9.56142281
26
27 2.70661437

a)
Xo= 0.2
m

f(Xi)
-2.912
-1.83604991
-2.66752739
-80.0915938
-2.62574137
-68.1432857
-2.3510537
-26.1074538
-1.83681751
-2.65932741
-77.5582326
-2.56542705
-54.4538745
-2.07614908
-10.7942234
-2.65329624
-1.81484369
-3.22458998
-2079.93836
-71.6170763
-2.42819788
-33.7167865
-1.82026283
-3.66998307
28975.6635
1053.95459
31.4795335

f'(Xi)
-4.08
-5.38989619
-1.70506343
50.9842594
-1.80046882
45.2331163
-2.48255438
21.155177
-5.3964537
-1.72364385
49.790961
-1.94152707
38.1947545
-3.32587535
8.85045472
-6.22557739
-5.01516953
-0.56531182
484.786377
46.9385861
-2.27967677
26.1926726
-4.7859038
0.22788721
2826.64546
307.50811
27.8037414

Xi+1
-1.22745098
-1.90874421
-5.0376922
-1.8958757
-4.81260643
-1.79962429
-3.69368447
-1.22549867
-1.90624852
-4.99195257
-1.87659866
-4.51928863
-1.66790889
-2.91639169
-0.47714451
-1.3295301
-2.05327181
-13.4614535
-4.88060858
-1.82908606
-3.95938621
-1.38486569
-2.14554243
30.0632254
9.56142281
2.70661437
0.44220448

27
28
29

28 0.44220448 -2.52243961 -2.64454768 -1.46544849

29 -1.46544849 -1.85202963 -4.41917615 -2.30362718
30 -2.30362718 -4.61125778 1.70558579 3.10361508

0
-3.5

-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0.5

1.5

2.5

-2

-4

f(Xi+1)
-1.83604991
-2.66752739
-80.0915938
-2.62574137
-68.1432857
-2.3510537
-26.1074538
-1.83681751
-2.65932741
-77.5582326
-2.56542705
-54.4538745
-2.07614908
-10.7942234
-2.65329624
-1.81484369
-3.22458998
-2079.93836
-71.6170763
-2.42819788
-33.7167865
-1.82026283
-3.66998307
28975.6635
1053.95459
31.4795335
-2.52243961

metodo de newton-rapson
i
iteraciones
Xi
0
1
0.2
1
2 3.36521739
2
3 2.14756178
3
4 1.42837779
4
5 1.09081726
5
6 1.00538729
6
7 1.00002062
7
8
1

f(Xi)
-2.912
57.7594135
16.1286444
3.9947927
0.67770873
0.03785633
0.00014432
2.1251E-09

f'(Xi)
0.92
47.4349338
22.4263119
11.8343005
7.93291592
7.05396001
7.00020617
7

-1.85202963
-4.61125778
46.1601974

3.5

Xi+1
3.36521739
2.14756178
1.42837779
1.09081726
1.00538729
1.00002062
1
1

f(Xi+1)
57.7594135
16.1286444
3.9947927
0.67770873
0.03785633
0.00014432
2.1251E-09
0

6.12 determine las races de las ecuaciones simultneas no lineales

(x-4)^2 + (y-4)^2 = 4
x^2 +y^2 =16
Utilice una aproximacin grfica para obtener los valores iniciales. Determine una
mejor aproximacin con el mtodo de Newton-Rapsn.

6.14 el balance de masa para un contaminante bien mezclado en un lago se escribe as

V dc/dt = W Qc - kVc
Dados los valores de los parmetros V = 1 x 106 m3, W = 1 x 106 m3/ao y k = 0.2, use el mtodo de la
secante modificado para determinar la concentracin en estado estacionario. Emplee como valores iniciales
c = 4 g/m3 y =0.5.

dc
0
dt
kV c Qc W 0

0,21x10 6

c 1x10 6 c 1x10 6 0

f (c) 0,2 c c 1
c 1 / 2
1 0,1c 1 / 2 1
2
c 3 / 2
0,05c 3 / 2
f ' ' (c) 0,1
2

f ' (c) 0,2

Co=

metodo de la secante modificado

i
iteraciones
Ci
0
1
4
1
2 0.82313682

f(Ci)
3.4
0.00459059

f'(Ci)
f''(Ci)
1.05
-0.00625
1.11022091 -0.06695175

o se escribe as

o y k = 0.2, use el mtodo de la

ario. Emplee como valores iniciales

Ci+1

0.82313682
0.819003

f(Ci+1)
0.00459059
5.7089E-07