Analogies 8

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ 17. 18. 19. 20. _______ _______ _______ _______

1. Bat is to swing as ball is to A. throw B. soft 2. Clock is to time as ruler is to A. length B. watch 3. Germs are to disease as war is to A. soldiers B. destruction 4. Five is to 10 as 15 is to A. 50 B. 30 5. C. 25 D. 40 C. enemies D. tanks C. weight D. inches C. base D. dance

The fishing industry throughout the Pacific has been harmed by many factors, the largest of which is over-fishing by huge fishing fleets from Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the United States. These nations have often ignored restrictions placed on their activities. Many nations also use fishing methods that kill large numbers of other animals. Drift nets, for example, can measure over a mile long and catch not just tuna but marine mammals such as dolphins. The fragile coral reefs in the South Pacific are another greatly threatened marine resource. Tourists and tour guides often approach the reefs too closely, and pollutants such as fertilizer chemicals create runoff that damages the reefs. (modified from Microsoft Encarta 2003) Based on the information in the selection, which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship below? pollutants : reefs A. fragile : coral B. drift nets : dolphins C. restrictions : harm D. industry : causes

6.

Josiah Wedgwood was an English potter whose works are among the finest ever created. Wedgwood was born in Burslem, Staffordshire, into a family with a long tradition as potters. At the age of nine, after the death of his father, he worked in his family's pottery business. In 1759, he set up his own pottery works in Burslem. During his long career, Wedgwood developed new types of ceramic materials. The most important were basalt and jasperware. Jasperware, his most successful innovation, was a durable unglazed porcelain, usually blue, decorated with white figures. Other inventions by Wedgwood include a device for measuring high oven temperatures, an improved green glaze, and better factory distribution methods. Which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship below? Wedgwood : jasperware A. Shakespeare : poetry B. Washington : president C. NSync : music D. Edison : light bulb

7. Stanza is to poem as verse is

to A. music B. song 8. Peak is to mountain as crest is to A. wave B. ocean 9. Kindness is to friend as cruelty is to A. enemy B. war 10. Letter is to word as note is to A. song B. tone 11. Food is to nutrition as light is to A. sunshine B. darkness 12. C. bulb D. vision C. instrument D. singer C. unkindness D. meanness C. beach D. water C. singing D. rhyme

The Milky Way is a large, disk-shaped group of stars, or galaxy, that includes the sun and its solar system. In addition to the sun, the Milky Way contains about a trillion other stars. Its name comes from its appearance as a faintly flowing band that stretches across Earth's sky at night. This band is the disk in which the solar system lies. Its hazy appearance comes from the combined light of stars too far away to be seen individually by the unaided eye. The individual stars that are distinct in the sky are those in the Milky Way galaxy that lie close enough to the solar system to be seen separately. (modified from Microsoft Encarta 2003) Based on the information in the selection, which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship below? Milky Way : galaxy A. sun : solar system B. sun : star C. solar system : star D. galaxy : solar system

13.

Snow is made up of clear ice crystals that form around dust or other small particles in the atmosphere. Ice crystals form when water vapor condenses at temperatures below freezing. Partly melted crystals usually cling together to form snowflakes, which may be as large as three or four inches in diameter. Snow crystals form six-sided shapes, depending upon the temperatures present during their formation. Among these six-sided shapes are needle, columnar or stud, platelike, and star-shaped crystalline types. Because of the many varieties of weather conditions, every snow crystal is unique. In other words, no two are alike. The large number of reflecting surfaces on the crystals make snow appear white. The longer arms of star-shaped flakes are generally hollow tubes. They are evidently built up by additions to the edge of an original crystal. Based on the information in the selection, which of the following relationships is most similar to the relationship below? snow : white A. unique : snow crystals B. crystals : snowflakes C. snow crystals : six-sided D. particles : atmosphere

14. Red is to color as cinnamon is to A. spice B. baking C. sugar D. cookies

15. Knife is to cut as copy machine is to A. office B. paper 16. Crying is to sorrow as smiling is to A. teeth B. friends 17. Back is to rear as pit is to A. hole B. dark 18. Mumble is to talk as scrawl is to A. paper B. write 19. Shoestring is to shoe as brim is to A. shade B. hat 20. Finger is to nail as leg is to A. torso B. walk C. arm D. knee C. cup D. scarf C. pen D. signature C. peach D. punishment C. mouth D. joy C. worker D. duplicate