Orozco, Marko Grant A. THR1 1.3 Define physical property and chemical property.

Physical property refers to properties that are observable and measurable without the change of the composition of matter. Physical properties can be intensive and extensive properties. Some physical properties are color, length and volume. Chemical property refers to properties that become evident during a chemical reaction. The substances internal structure must be changed for a chemical property to be observed. Examples of chemical properties are toxicity and flammability.

Identify each type of property in the following statements: (a) Yellow-green chlorine gas attacks silvery sodium metal to form white crystals of sodium chloride (table salt). The color of the chlorine gas can be classified as a physical property while the reaction of sodium with chlorine to produce sodium chloride can be classified as a chemical property. (b) A magnet separates a mixture of black iron shavings and white sand. Since the mixture can be separated by physical means such as the use of magnet, it can be classified as a physical property. Also, the color of the iron shavings and the sand can be classified as a physical property.

1.4 Define physical change and chemical change. We can say a physical change happened when a change occur without altering the chemical composition of the matter. It is usually a change in the matters state. Physical change is also reversible. However, when a substance combine with another substance to form a new substance or decomposes into two or more new substance, a chemical change occurred.

State which type of change occurs in each of the following statements: (a) Passing an electric current through molten magnesium chloride yields molten magnesium and gaseous chlorine. Chemical change caused the molten magnesium chloride to dissociate to molten magnesium and gaseous chlorine. (b) The iron in discarded automobiles slowly forms reddish brown, crumbly rust. The iron underwent oxidation, which is a chemical change, to form reddish brown, crumbly rust.

1.19 Explain the difference between heat and temperature. Does 1 L of water at 65F have more, less, or the same quantity of energy as 1 L of water at 65C? Heat is the amount of energy transferred by a body to its environment or vice versa. It can be through radiation, convection or conduction. Temperature is the measure of hotness and coldness on a numeric scale, Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin. 1 L of water at 65F has less quantity of energy as 1 L of water at 65C because when 65F is converted to Celsius, we will get 18.33C which is less than 65C.