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In This Lesson:
Unique Characteristics of OSPF When OSPF is the Best Design Choice OSPF Planning Methodology Verification Plan for Implementation Implementation Steps Transitioning to OSPF from Another Protocol
1989
First OSPF Interoperability Testing OSPF V1 Published
1991
1993
Internet Adopts CIDR
1995
1997
OSPF V2 Updated
John Moy, OSPF: Anatomy of an Internet Routing Protocol (Reading Mass: Addison-Wesley, 1998)
Need for More Robust IGP IETF Formed OSPF Working Group in 1988 to Replace RIP: Network size limitations Inability to choose higher bandwidth interfaces/links Derived from Several Sources Bolt, Beranek, and Newman's (BBN) SPF algorithm for ARPANET (1978) Radia Perlmans research on fault tolerant broadcast of routing data (1988) BBNs Area Routing Work (1986) Early Version of OSI IS-IS Protocol
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Formal Neighbor Relationships Hello packets sent for neighbor discovery and maintenance Database synchronization and exchange Active tracking of neighbor state Link State (Topology) Database Constructed of information about active paths (links) in the network All routers contain copies of the database Update Process Once database is built only changes sent When there is a change it is flooded Dijkstra algorithm used for calculation
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Rapid Convergence Link-state database and path calculation process is rapid and very efficient Loop avoidance inherent in the protocol Higher CPU and memory utilization Complexity Greater amount of effort required in planning and design process Configuration requires more work Vastly greater depth in routing logic and computation process
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Formal Hierarchy Ability to segment the network into multiple section called areas Area 0 (Backbone) is required and all other areas must directly connect to it Flooding and route calculation is restricted within each area Route Summarization Support for aggregation/supernetting Configurable on a per-area basis Industry Standard Protocol Open designates OSPF as standard Implemented by every equipment vendor
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Cost as Basis for Route Selection Bandwidth of interface assigned a cost Lowest cumulative cost to destination network makes for best route Different Network Types Supported Broadcast (e.g., Ethernet LAN) Non-Broadcast Point-to-Point Point to Multipoint (Non)Broadcast Neighbor Types Designated Router (DR): Single peer on broadcast network Backup DR: Secondary peer
Implementation Steps
1. Detailed Project Plan 2. Device-Specific Configurations 3. Verification Steps
Implementation Steps
Detailed Project Plan Basic Document Format Identification of stakeholders Identification of roles and responsibilities Timelines and milestones Communication plan Account for power, cabling, and device placement Implementation plan(s) Expected outcomes Criteria for completion
Implementation Steps
Device-Specific Configurations Routers/Layer 3 Devices Hostnames (adhering to standards) Interface configurations Security configurations EIGRP Routing configuration elements Usernames/Passwords/TACACS Network Time Protocol SNMP/Syslog WAN configurations Device access Advanced configurations
Implementation Steps
Device-Specific Configurations Layer 2/3 Switches Hostnames (adhering to standards) SVI Interface configurations Security configurations Usernames/Passwords/TACACS Network Time Protocol SNMP/Syslog VLAN configurations Device access Advanced configurations
Verification Steps
Commands Verifying Configuration(s) General Connectivity/Functionality show ip interface brief show cdp neighbors show environment all show diag show inventory OSPF Routing show ip protocols show ip ospf interfaces show ip ospf neighbor show ip ospf database show ip route ospf
Verification Steps
Commands Verifying Configuration(s) General Connectivity/Functionality debug ip packet debug interface <type> <slot/port> OSPF Routing debug ip ospf adjacency debug ip ospf events debug ip ospf hello debug ip ospf spf debug ip ospf lsa-generation debug ip ospf packet debug ip ospf flood
What We Covered
Unique Characteristics of OSPF When OSPF is the Best Design Choice OSPF Planning Methodology Verification Plan for Implementation Implementation Steps Transitioning to OSPF from Another Protocol